1 Page 2 Summer Session Kansan Friday, August 2, 1957 Poland Faces Economic Troubles Independent Communist Yugoslavia has won a big victory in economic negotiations with Soviet Russia. But Poland is still in serious economic trouble and there is no immediate prospect that it can get either from Russia or the United States the aid it needs to safeguard its semi-independent status. President Tito of Yugoslavia decided recently to test the Soviet government's expressed desire for better relations by asking it to make good on unfulfilled promises of $250 million in credits. A delegation of economic experts which he sent to Moscow has returned to Belgrade with a promise that the credits will be given. But Poland had asked a total of $300 million, and there is no doubt that that much was almost desperately needed. While the final stage of Polish-United States negotiations was approaching in Washington, Polish Communist leader Wladyslaw Gomulka went to Moscow at the head of a trade delegation to seek help. The United States granted Poland credits totaling $95 million in surplus farm products and mining machinery to strengthen its weak economy and help it maintain the large measure of freedom it has won from Russian domination. The first shipment of 9,168 tons of wheat under this credit arrived at the Polish port of Gdynia on July 24. Gomulka asked that Russia pay Poland $75 million dollars it has owed for years for transporting goods and troops between Russia and East Germany. He also asked Russia to increase shipments of iron ore to keep Polish steel mills in fuller operation. Gomulka got nowhere. It is reported that Soviet Communist leader Nikita S. Khrushchev lost his temper during a conversation with Gomulka. He is said to have told Gomulka that Poland is "milking" Russia and that it had better go elsewhere for help. Khrushchev was referring to Poland's request for American aid. Shortly afterward, Khrushchev sent Soviet First Deputy Premier Anastas I. Mikoyan to Warsaw to smooth over the bad feeling caused by his outburst. Mikoyan is understood to have told Gomukka that the Soviet government would "study" his request for the transit payments. But there has been no indication that the payments would be made. Naturally it is in Russia's interest to keep Poland economically weak. Any strengthening of Poland's economy would strengthen its bid for freedom from Russian domination. Poland seems determined to preserve the independence it has won. Premier Josef Cyrankiewicz, who was regarded as a "Stalinist" before the Polish revolt of last October, said in a speech on July 22 that Poland is determined to pursue its "own road to Socialism." Cyrankiewicz also said that it was necessary for Poland to pay attention to what is happening in Yugoslavia and in Communist China, which is going out of its way to emphasize that it regards itself as the equal of Russia in Communist doctrinal authority. But Poland's economic weakness is a big handicap. The Soviet government is sure to use this weakness if it can to keep Poland from going any further on the road to complete independence. —Charles M. McCann U. P. Staff Correspondent British Cling To Dwindling Empire A little war of great significance is slowly moving toward a climax in Oman on the steamy, palm-fringed shores of the Persian Gulf. Back in the days when the sun never set on the British flag, it would have been considered nothing more than a trial dispute and largely ignored. But it is different today because Britain has her back to the economic wall and is fighting desperately to retain what remains of her empire. No place is more important to Britain than the Arabian area with its massive oil production that keeps Britain's industry going. For this reason, the British are ready to risk a reputation already damaged by the Suez attack to squash a hill country rebel who has a pretty good case for rebelling. The dispute has international implications. Saudi Arabia's King Saud is supporting the rebels with money and arms. And American oil interests in Saudi Arabia combine to make the issue of concern to the State Department. He is the Imam Ghaleb who has thrown off the sovereignty and authority of Britain's ally, the Sultan of Muscat and Oman, said Bin Taimur. What the British fear is that a rebel victory would be such a prestige victory for Saudi Arabia as to endanger and even eliminate British influence in the entire Persian Gulf, leading to the loss of Kuwait whose oil is a bulwark of the British economy. The rebels rapidly took control of a 100 by 50 mile plateau area and that's where the situation stood until the Royal Air Force was ordered into action. It is a war for no one but the sweating RAF pilots and crews who work through the daylight hours shooting up the massive mud and stone forts taken over by the Imam's rebels. Forty eight hours before they attack a fort, they warn the people to clear out of the area. Then they shoot up the fort for a whole day, and next day go on to another. The situation in the back country is so confused it is impossible to tell how many men rallied to the rebel forces. There is a good chance they have been disbanded and sent back to their date groves and camel herds. RAF pilots who circled low and slow over the forts never met opposing fire. If the British do send a sizable expeditionary force in, it is likely to meet no resistance and the Imam and brother Talib will take to the hills. The Sultan is pro-British because he has a treaty with them which in effect guarantees they will keep him in power. The Imam Ghaleb is a man of great religious prestige among these fanatical Moslems who interrupt even a war five times daily for prayer. His predecessor and the Sultan had an agreement whereby the Imam wielded certain jurisdiction in the inland areas. But Ghaleb has never really accepted the Sultan's authority on the heavy taxes whereby farmers must pay a "sales tax" on every egg they bring to market. This built up resentment as did the fact the only time the Sultan visited the interior was at the head of an armed convoy after a similar rebellion two years ago when he demanded recognition and obeisance of the people. The Captives of Korea, by William L. White (Scribner's) is the first comprehensive story of the shocking treatment of United Nations prisoners in the Korean War. The book is described as an "unofficial white paper" because the United States never issued an official document on this most disturbing problem. Joseph Morris U.P. Staff Correspondent Books By UNITED PRESS By any yardstick in the Korean struggle—our first armed clash with Communism—our prisoners were treated with a savagery unequalled in modern times," he writes. The North Korean and Chinese Communists thwarted efforts of the International Red Cross in every way, barring its representatives from North Korea and rejecting medical supplies and food parcels that were offered. . . . According to the Communist tabulation, only 327 South Korean prisoners, 21 Americans and In the end it was the Communist side that lost face on the prisoner-of-war issue. Of 171,000 prisoners from North Korea and China, 80,000 who had worn Communist uniforms refused to go back to their homes—a situation without parallel in history. But the United Nations side cooperated fully with the IRC and was subject to its criticism. one Briton refused repatriation. "Undoubtedly the appeal of Communism is strong in Asia," White concludes. "But the Korean War proved that it tugs only those millions of Asians who know it least. The more distant millions of Indochina, Burma, Indonesia, and India may build on Communism fantasies of hope. But such dreams were impossible for the men in our prison camps, who, whatever they once hoped of Communism, now had known it naked." . . . SUMMER SESSION KANSAN (Published Tuesdays and Fridays) Ed. Phone 251 Bus. Phone 376 Editors Dale Morsch John Eaton Business Mgrs. Colby Rehmert Bill Irvine Reporters Martha Crosier Janet Juneau Manager James E. Dykes TV Notes .. There will be no new "I Love Lucy" half-hours next season, but repeats of same are scheduled for CBS on Wednesdays nights at 7:30. There will be some new hour-long "I Love Lucy" programs, but the time has not been set, nor the number. "Harbor Master," a new filmed adventure series sarring Barry Sullivan, has been set by CBS to replace Bob Cummings' show Tuesday nights next season. Cummings moves over to NBC. "Theme for Playhouse 90," composed by Alex North, has been recorded for sale on a record that has the theme music for the motion picture, "Bachelor Party," on the other side. The two new youngsters on the CBS "Let's Take a Trip" program are Joan Terrace, 8, of Brooklyn, and Jimmy Walsh, 9, of Hillside, N. J. Both are professionals. They replaced the original kids, Ginger MacManus and Pud Flanagan, who outgrew the roles. L. G. BALFOUR CO. Fraternity Jewelers - Fraternity Badges—Rings—Novelties - Trophies and Awards - Personalized Mugs and Ceramics 411 West 14th Al Lauter Phone VI 3-1571 NOONDAY LUNCHES Seafood Choice Steaks, Chicken Your Favorite Beverages With Dancing "PSS-TT, HEY, JOE COLLEGE!" 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