16
Thursday, August 31, 1978
University Daily Kansan
CONTROL OF PRESSURE
Grades . . .
From page one
"I'm rather amazed that it's constant." Charles Kahn, dean of the School of Archaeology at Princeton University.
He said that four years ago the school became concerned with grade inflation and had instructed the faculty to be aware of inflation when they graded.
Dennis Domer, assistant to the dean, said he made graphs that showed the instructors how many A's and B's they were giving. He also asked if there were any students giving more A's than they thought, he said.
DOMER AND KAHN said their school had succeeded in inflating the inflation of grades.
The grades are not inflated even though the architecture and design school has a liberal policy of withdrawing from classes, Kahn said. Students can drop until the end of
Although most of the schools and colleges on campus have seen their GPAs drop the past year, the School of Social Welfare has experienced an increase.
The GPA for the school increased 0.28 to 3.54, and was second only to the graduate GPA of 3.64 for GPA of 3.54.
According to David Hardcastle, dean of the School of Social Welfare, that school's GPA was comparable to the graduate because of the class levels of students.
"WE HAVE 75 percent of our students in the graduate program and 95 percent of them are at the junior level or above," he said.
The report showed that the overall GPA increased steadily from the freshmen level to the senior level. The overall GPA for freshmen was listed as 2.47, but seniors
Hardcastle said the difference between that school's GPA of 3.54 and the University's overall GPA of 2.73 was "not as great as it looks on the surface."
He said one of the reasons the GPA was
matter than the other school was to the School of social welfare required by 75.128
Hardcastle said he did not think his school's grades were inflated.
"OUR GRADES reflect our students' abilities," he said. "Students must make at least three-fourths B's in order to graduate. The students know that before they get in."
Another reason the social welfare school's GPA is higher is because of the liberal drop policy, he said. Students may drop until the day before the final.
Hardcastle said he did not think the school would make the drop policy more restricta-
"I don't see a need to set up a barrier to down." he said.
DEL BRINKMAN, dean of the School of Journalism, said the University's lower GPA reflected a general trend in education to get back to the basics.
The students, not the school, pay the cost of dropping at the end of the semester.
The GPA of the School of Journalism remained almost constant, dropping a 02 to
"A student who flunks a course deserves it." he said.
Brinkman said the journalism school did not liberalize its withdrawal policy when the university had begun to accept new students.
Brinkman said grade inflation did not affect the journalism school because the school was among the toughest in terms of grades.
Yearly grade point averages
"You would expect that students in a professional school would do pretty well," he said. "Statistics are interesting but they have a million interpretations."
1975 1976 1977 1978
University 2.91 2.85 2.85 2.73
Men 2.91 2.86 2.84 2.82
Women 3.12 3.09 3.09 3.07
Freshmen men 2.56 2.48 2.51 2.37
Freshmen women 2.80 2.74 2.78 2.59
College of Liberal Arts 2.87 2.74 2.78 2.64
School of Business 2.90 2.87 2.90 2.87
School of Education 3.09 2.57 2.92 2.96
School of Engineering 2.75 2.72 2.73 2.57
School of Fine Arts 3.01 3.03 3.07 3.03
School of Journalism 2.95 2.96 2.93 3.01
School of Pharmacy 3.01 2.98 2.98 2.97
School of Architecture 2.78 2.76 2.76 2.75
School of Social Work 3.52 3.46 3.36 3.54
Men and women G.P.A. figures for 1975-1977 exclude the schools of law and medicine. Overall University figures for those years exclude the schools of law, medicine and the graduate school. University, men and women statistics for 1978 exclude the law, university and graduate students. Graduate students in the School of Social Welfare and students in the Applied English Center.
Reserves key in oil production
Kansas oil producers think a. 4 percent production decrease for 1977 is good news. The drop reported by the Kansas Geological Survey in 1982 was Kansas, was the smallest in the past 10 years.
But oil producers also found that heavy deposit in southeast Kansas are smaller than those in northwest.
A report in the August issue of the "Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists" said that Kansas produced 7.5 million barrels of oil in 1977. Crude oil reserves in Kansas were about 20 percent, a decrease of about .5 percent from 1976.
The figures are based on statistics compiled by the American Petroleum Institute, the Kansas Corporation Commission and the Kansas Geological Survey.
"Reserve estimates can also change if the price of oil changes," Oros said.
Oil reserves are re-evaluated each year, according to Margaret Oros, research director of the Energy Institute.
The estimate of the reserves depends on how much oil was produced the previous year and how many new wells were brought in. The estimate of how many they are expected to produce, she said.
If the price of oil goes up, wells that produced so little that the expense to operate them made them unprofitable may be brought back into production, she said.
The price paid for oil is largely determined by the federal government, Oros said. Federal price regulations are based on how much oil was well drilled and how much it produces.
If a well were drilled before 1973 and produces fewer than 10 barrels a day the price of the oil will be $5 a barrel, she said. If the well was drilled after 1973 and produces less than 10 barrels a day the price may go up to $15 a barrel.
"This is extremely unfair." she said.
According to Oros, increased drilling in the state was responsible for slowing the rate of seepage.
"Drilling activity in Kansas has been increasing since the Arab oil embargo," she said. "Although there are a number of reasons for this increase in activity, higher prices for new oil have played a large role in the growth."
The report listed 160 new oil wells in 1977 in Cowley County. The Sharon Springs field in Wallace County is the first producing oil well in South Dakota. Another oil well in County 24 new oil wells were developed.
In contrast to the increased drilling activity for conventional Kansas crude oil, the Kansas heavy oil supply, primarily in the Ouachita and Cherokee counties, remains untapped.
At one time this supply of heavy oil, a thick, tar-like petroleum found in underground sandstone formations, was estimated at seven billion barrels for the
"We now estimate that there are only about 200 million barrels of heavy oil in the three Kansas counties," James Ebanks, research associate for the Geological Survey of North Dakota and current prices, none of that oil is economically recoverable.
The figures for the amount of heavy oil are down from previous estimates because the earlier figures were based on much less data. The latest survey associate for the Geological Survey, said
"We've been learning how to do accurate estimates for 35 years," he said.
Because heavy oil does not flow out of rocks like hardened crudes, hydrogen oil is exerted on the surface.
"I suspect oil would almost have to triple in price before heavy oil could be produced"
Processes for removing heavy oil are being tested in southeast Kansas, according to James. Steam can be injected into the sandstone to heat the oil, make it thinner and force it out, or solvents may be used to thin the oil so it can be pumped.
These processes are called tertiary oil recovery.
The chemical and petroleum engineering department at KU has one of the best tertiary oil recovery research projects in the country, James said.
Former university head brings research to KU
By JIM BLOOM
A co-educational residence hall is about the last place a president of a major university has been.
Staff Reporter
But that's where Daniel C. O'Connell lived while he was the chief executive of St. Louis University, St. Louis, Mo. O'Connell now is at the University of Kansas doing two of his favorite things—teaching and research—in departments of psychology and linguistics.
"I didn't consider being president a big deal," he said. "I prefer to teach, to do research and to live around students to keep down with the duties of an administrator."
O'Connell resigned as president of the University in February. He had held the presidency for more than a decade.
"I DIDN'T want the position in the first place," he said. "But I accepted after an 18-month search for a new president turned up no one for the job."
O'Connell said that when he accepted the job he told the selection board he would resign the first time anyone seemed to be dissatisfied by his work.
"I guess they didn't believe me," he said. The former president refused to explain the details of his resignation. He said he had made reporters in the St. Louis area for so weeks.
O'CONNELL WAS under pressure from the university's Board of Trustees, according to stories in the University News. He also student newspaper at St. Thomas University.
michael Biltz, director of public relations for St. Louis University, said O'Connell's resignation was a surprise to many, particularly the Board of Trustees.
"After he resigned, I remember talking to the chairman of the Board of Trustees," Blatz said. "They had their differences, but they were in the last thing he expected or wanted."
BLATZ SAID O'Connell never gave any reasons for his resignation. A statement released by O'Connell said that his resignation was a mutual agreement, and the Board of Trustees and that he had enjoyed working with the university.
"Some people were against him from the outset, because he didn't live up to the standards others have set by which they expect a president of a university to live up to them."
O'Connell agreed.
"I KNOW some people were surprised to find out that the president of the university lived in a dorm and drove around in a VW," he said.
But Blatz contended that O'Connell's private lifestyle did not stop him from being a great businessman.
"He did a tremendous job, there's no doubt about it," Blatz said. "The interim president is continuing with the same policies that Dan established."
O'Connell, an ordained Catholic priest,
had been connected with the university
since 1945. St. Louis University is a Jesuit
institution. He is on tenure from there for
at least this year and plans to spend the time at
KU research speech pausology with the
instrument of psychology. He also is
teaching a graduate seminar in the same field.
O'Connell also will be working with the linguistics department.
O'Connell said his research concerned finding out why people pause when they speak to others. He's especially the individual is reading out and talking to other people. O'Connell then replays the recording into an audio frequency spectrometer, a device which analyzes the sound.
THROUGH HS analysis of the specimen results, O'Connell tries to deter-
"All the pauses, interjections, silences and just plain 'ers' and 'uhs' are used in
many different ways," he said. "Many
areas are used to keep control of the
conversion."
O'Connell has written, or helped to write, 43 articles on the subject. Most recently, he addressed the International Conference on kassel in Kassel, West Germany, in June.
O'Connell said he doubted he would use students as guinea pigs but said he expected to ask several faculty members to act as volunteers.
Instead of living in a residence hall, though, O'Connell will live at St. John's University.
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--federal aid for abortions and therefore were not a worthy comparison.
804 Iowa
1606 W. 23rd
932 Mass.
842-1667
843-3516
843-7044
Abortion . . .
From page one
--federal aid for abortions and therefore were not a worthy comparison.
IOWA REPORTED NO federally funded abortions for the March through June Program.
Dr. Robert Bray, one of two Lawrence physicians who perform abortions, said he doubled that Kansas was much higher in actual abortions than other states.
"I think that we just report more than other states," Bray said. "In most large cities you'll find several abortion clinics and most of these don't report their cases."
Lawrence women who seek abortions can receive counseling from several sources in the state. Some agencies serve County Health Department, Watkins Hospital and the Office of Student Services
Most abortion clinics are reluctant to discuss the number of abortions they perform. Not, they say, because they are trying to hide what they are doing, but because they fear demonstrations by right-to-life organizations that might intimidate their clients and give them a bad reputation in the community.
Officials at Watkins and the health department said that in most cases they referred women to either of two organizations in Overland Park—the Comprehensive Health Organization or the Med Center for Women. The program is led by the University of Kansas Medical Center.
One organization, which asked not to be named, said it performed an average of 67 abortions a week, charging $175 for abortions performed in the first 14 weeks of pregnancy and $250 for those in later stages of pregnancy.
Dr. Kermil Krantz, head of the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics at the Med Center, said he could not legally endorse abortions were performed at the Med Center.
About the only conclusion that can be drawn from the statistics being compiled on abortions is that the statistics themselves are inconclusive and don't give an accurate description of the actual number of abortions being performed in the various states.
NETHER WATKINS Hospital nor
Lorenese Memorial Hospital performs
nor surgery.
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