CAFFEINE NOT POISONOUS
Roasting Makes Coffee And Other Cereal-like Products Injurious
That alkaloid caffeine, two grains of which are contained in each cup of coffee, is not the poisonous substance which produces biliosiness, nervousness and oftentimes headaches, is the conclusion of Prof. L. E. Sayre, Dean of the School of Pharmacy at the University.
For the past eight years, experiments have been carried on in the pharmaceutical laboratory to discover just what it is in the beverage which produces deiterous results. While caffeine is a nerve stimulant and produces certain effects on the nervous system, it is certain that if you are consistently drinking coffee which oftentimes affects the physical condition of the body to such an extent that the drink has to be left alone.
"The prevailing opinion as regards the effects of caffeine is wrong," said Dean Sayre today. "The really poisonous substances in coffee result from roasting it with the bitter, pleasing taste and odor. They are volatile products of the same origin as phenol, or carboic acid, (known as phenolic products) and, in the case of a person breathing the vapor from coffee during the roasting with the bitter, overcome the poison—an effect like that produced by carbon-monoxide is likely to result."
POISON NOT INHERENT
Coffee is a cereal-like product and since the poison results from roasting, they will also be present in coffee substitutes, which are made from cereals'. The experiments carried on by Dean Sayre and his assistants show that the poison is not inherent in the grain of the food,—it does not pre-exist but results from the chemical change brought about by high temperature. The investigators suspect that there are nervously injurious juices in coffee substitutes as in the genuine article, that coffee treated in the "vacuum process" containing the minimum amount.
Experiments have also shown that tea, tea, chocolate and other beverages contain more caffeine, or coffee like bodies, than does coffee, but that they do not produce harmful effects to such a degree as does the more popular drink. A glass of Coca Coca contains about the same amount of caffeine as a cup of coffee, but the poisonous substances which are more injurious to the system are not present in the former.
CONTAINS 0.957 PER CENT KAFFEOL
"There has been a tendency to blame coffee of body and mind," continued Professor Sayre. "Coffee is not a food, but a food-accessory, and such alliments as liver trouble of all kinds, rheumatism, neuralgia and biliosis are not always the result of drinking the morning beverage the before the beverage was taken as easily resulted from too much and badly-prepared food of any sort. Coffee contains only 0.0557 per cent of Kaffeol, the organic principle containing the poison, but the fact that it is of phenolic origin is sufficient to these with which heart trouble and others who feel the effect of the drink to leave it alone.
"Experiments seem to show that the most wholesome coffee decoction is, contrary to popular opinion, a liquid with less alcohol in the vessel, thus vaporizing those deleterious products, rather than confining them in the process of boiling in tight vessels, which tends to take away the liquid to be taken into the body."
BY-PRODUCT A VALUABLE FOOD
BY PRODUCT A VALIDABLE FOOD
One of the important achievements recently made in this lab is the determination of an apparatus, by the use of which the volatile principles of coffee can be separated quantitatively, the determination being made by using small lots of the powdered roasted bean Hitherto, the German Marmelade has secured these products only by operating on very large quantities at a time, twenty-five pounds or more of the product being necessary to carry on the experiment. The apparatus designed by Dean Sayre will recover thevolatile principles quantitatively from a few ounces.
Another important result of the investigation is the discovery that one of the by-products of roasted coffee, the chaff, has been found to contain a significant amount that is be suitable for food for cattle. By actual experiment on a small herd, this by-product has been found valuable in making a mixed food on which the animal feeds, thus the animal results in a superior quality of milk. Horses also crave the mixed food and thrive well on it.
Do you eat popped pop corn? Have you tried the butter-kist at Wiedemann's?—Adv.
BUSINESS EMPHASIZED
Where the School of Pharmacy and the Chemistry Departments are Located
All Pharmics Must Take Practical Commercial Course—Druggists Lecture
Under the old time method of teaching pharmacy it was only necessary for the student to get the rudiments of the differentia of the many drugs and to be able to mix the ingredients to a proper degree. This kind of a pharmacy graduate cannot go far in the druggist field because of the E. Sayre. The modern day student must be able to cope with the modern day stringent competition.
In the School of Pharmacy the faculty has instituted a commercial course for the seventy-two students and will bring experienced commercial druglists to the University during the school year to lecture.
"It is a tendency," said the Dean of the School in speaking of the newly instituted commercial branch, "over the United States where, in spite of where graduates have to go into commercial lines, to give the students some business basis. Competition is so keen and cooperation so necessary today that the student must be schooled in the ways in which to deal successfully with the situation."
Dean Sayre opened the course on November 4 with a lecture of his own on the "Psychology of the Market." Speakers included, already been to talk to the pharmacists are: Judge Bland of Kansas City; Henry Faxon of Kansas City; B. A. Parsons, head of the Park, Davis & Co., drug house of Kansas City; Helen Lawrence, and other prominent business men of the state to follow.
OBTAINS EMPLOYMENT
Pharmaceutical Society Gets Positions for Graduates— Every Student Belongs
It was in 1885, shortly after Dean Sayre came from Philadelphia to establish the new school, that the Pharmaceutical Society opened its eye on the need for a new medicine and inhaled a few cubic inches of ether and other pungent vapors. Anatomically it consisted of a few students, fewer professors, and several ideals. The latter were called idealists. The latter were Assistance to the School, Promotion of the Sciences, and the Securing of positions for Graduates.
When a student becomes obsessed with the ambition to belong to a professional society, he or she should enroll in the School of Pharmacy. Because, ipso facto, that student is then a member of the Pharmaceutical Society of Indiana, Kansas, and him is not an organization with thirty years of history.
Most of these ideals live even today, but the securing of jobs has in a way come to dominate the organization. However, the Society has been a benefit to the school for it was through its early efforts that the school! library was founded and the first books acquired.
At times the Society has sadly lacked vitality, during the past two or three years because of the absorption of time in class held at the school and not been in a healthy condition; but this year it has revived and is a real factor in the life of the school. It holds a meeting every two weeks at which time some rather noted faculty members meet and the faculty gives a lecture. But when a faculty man leads a discussion in a meeting of the society, he is on equal footing
with the students and is liable to any criticism or ruling that any student would be.
The society is really an affiliated organization of the school and through it arrangements are made for outside interests such as do not pertain to class room or laboratory work. Usually it entertains once or twice a year, and this fall the older students were given to a smoker. Of course, the three young women could not attend, but the others of the sixty-odd did.
The Pharmaceutical Society is officered this year by President, E. B. Cook, Vice-President Bernard W. Kampert, Jr., Secretary, Marie Beeson, and Treasurer D. V. Crosly. An executive committee which assists the officers is made up by Benjamin P. Bixby, Winfred Grammon, William R. Davis, D. V. Crosly and Louis N. Thorpe.
NEW PHARMACOPOEIA
Dean Sayre Explains Pharmac
ist Dictionary—Ninth Edition
Almost Ready
The Pharmacopoeia is a work that is an authoritative guide to the physician and pharmacist regarding crude drugs, their preparations, and a standard for inorganic and organic medicinal chemicals. It is also a standard of biological knowledge and the identification, the identity and the standard of appropriate titles, definitions, working formulae and tests. It is revised every ten years.
The new Pharmacopoeia now on the press will be the ninth edition of the book. It has grown to a legal recognition by the States government and is now considered as one of the best of the world. The ninth edition will appear about the first of the year 1916, but it will not become official until dated date, perhaps two or three months after the work is obtainable.
The Food and Drug Act of 1906 may possibly require a special act of Congress to have a legal authority. It is well known that this act made the eighth revision legal and, in order to form it, may require another act to be enacted for revision, although the act of 1906 implies that the latest revision shall be the legal standard. The Pharmacopoea always has been a legal standard in the various courts of the country—is as much of a legal standard as any of the government-made pharmacopeia of the Old World.
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K. U. HELPS U. S. GOV'T
Foods and Drugs Suspected of Adulteration Sent to University for Analysis
The School of Pharmacy is not only doing state work, but is also closely affiliated with the national government in its work of running down violators of the Pure Food and Drug Act.
Under the state law of Kansas L. E. Sayre, Dean of the Pharmacy School, is director of the drug laboratory for the analysis of druglike food accessories such as spices, coffee, ten, etc. G. N. Watson is chief analyst, C. M. Sterling, microscopist. It is customary for the federal laboratories at Washington to notify the authorities of Kansas or violations reported from other states through medical. The Pharmacy School notifies the national headquarters concerning cases occurring within the state, so that the interstate and intrastate laws will be fully covered.
Doctor S. J. Crumbine, who is chief Inspector of Foods and Drugs with offices in Topeka, has control of the inspectors who make tours of the state for the purpose of finding suspicious cases of adulteration. The material collected is sent to Lawrence to be analized.
Such reports of violations as the "Sal-Fero-Sa", a drug remedy, are frequently sent out from Washington. In this case the drug was delivered to the most wonderful nerve and blood ever discovered. It was guaranteed to cure pleagra, lost appetite, and many other alliments. The Washington department reported the drug as being misbranded, false, misleadened, and deceitful. Dean Suyer has received over sixty such reports since June.
Corrections on the time mechanism of the University seismograph are made by wireless, from Arlington, government time being used. The wireless apparatus is operated by students of physics.
Football records since 1890 show that the University has made two and a half points to every one made by its opponents.
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