University Courier.
VOL. I.
LAWRENCE, KANSAS. NOVEMBER 8, 1878.
NO.2.
ρUR ρWN.
Geo. N. Bell is attending Columbia College.
James E. Taylor is in a bank at Oskaloosa.
E. Bierer, Jr., '77, is reading law in St. Louis.
Oscar Street is employed in a bank at Galena.
Richard A. Ballinger, ex-student, is at Larned.
Festus Foster is at his home in Osborne county.
A. H. Mickey and family are residing at Chetopa.
W. A. McCarthy is teaching school in Miami county.
Sadie Schmucker, '81, is teaching school near Abilene.
Clarence Walbridge is in a dry goods store at Emporia.
J. J. Devereux is in the Savings Bank of Junction City.
Murray Harris,'73, is engineering on the Texas Pacific.
J. A. McKnight, the dramatist, is in Washington, D. C.
Miss Marcia Wood is teaching in the Savage district, in this county.
Mamie W. Grew is giving instruction in instrumental music, at Burlington.
Chas. W. Smith, 76, philosopher, is practicing law in Cass county, Mo.
Miss Eusebia B. Mudge, 75, is giving instruction in music, at Manhattan.
Harry W. Berks is Secretary of the Kansas Central Land Agency, at Salina.
Miss May Harris, a student of the long ago, is residing in Marshall, Texas.
Frank H. Osborne is teaching school near Tonganoxie, and favors his old friends with an occasional visit.
C. H. Rurey is principal of the Eudora schools. His school is said to be the best conducted one in Douglas county.
Bion H. Barnett is in a banking house at Jacksonville, Florida, and occasionally goes hunting as of yore.
Miss Mollie Montgomery is at her home at Hays City. She recently paid a visit to her friends in Lawrence.
Frank P. MacLennan, 75, is at Emporia. The Courier is in receipt of a letter from Mac, which our vanity would like to publish, but our modesty forbids.
Cyrus Anderson, an ex-student of the University, and one of the rising young men of Kansas, made political speeches in Miami county, during the campaign.
Nelson J. Stephens, after spending a pleasant vacation at home in this city, returned last month to continue his studies at Harvard. Ned has many friends and well-wishers in this locality.
Arthur Woodcock is connected with one of the leading legal firms of Chicago. He favored his alma mater with a visit last commencement.
E. F. Burnett, the cartoonist, who used to deliniate the occurrences in and about the University, and a jolly good fellow, is located at Russell, Kansas.
Since our last issue, C. G. Upton, of Miami county, and J. W. Wallace, of Silverton, Col., have resumed their studies in the University.
Al. Phenis, a student of "auld lang syne," after having for several years been connected with the New York Herald, has returned to Kansas, and is at his home in Eureka.
Prof. S.W.Y.Schimonsky, formerly in charge of the department of Engineering and Free-Hand Drawing in K. S.U., is tilling the soil near Omaha.
G. W. Hapgood, 77, recently honored his friends with a few days' visit. "Happy" is Superintendent of Engineering on the Scandia division of the C.B.U.P. railroad, and has his headquarters at Beloit.
Sid. A. Hubbell, Jr., of Las Vegas, N. M., has been visiting his numerous friends in Lawrence. Since leaving the University, "Mex" has traveled over a large portion of New Mexico and Texas.
Hugh T. Richards, ex-student, has recently been elected County Surveyor of Ottawa county, in this State. Hugh has many friends here who will be glad to learn that he is growing in his profession as well as in his physique.
Geo. T. Nicholson, whose name is familiar to all the old students, and who commands the admiration and respect of all his associates on account of his gentlemanliness and manly qualities, is connected with the Indian Agency at Yankton, where he will probably remain until the "noble red man" is turned over to the paternal care of the War Department.
H. S. Tremper has formed a co-partnership with Hon. Nelson Adams, of Larned, for the practice of his profession. Mr. Adams is the leading lawyer of Larned, and has an extensive practice in Pawnee and neighboring counties. Mr. Tremper is an earnest student and a careful thinker, and possesses all those qualities essential to success in a young lawyer. His success is deserved, and a source of congratulation to his numerous friends.
On our second page will be found an interesting paper "On the Dermal Covering of a Mosasauroid Reptile," by Prof. Snow. The paper was read by the Professor before the Kansas Academy of Science, at its late meeting held in Topeka on the 8th ult., and relates to the dermal covering found on the extinct saurian discovered by him in Western Kansas, in June last. We publish the paper on account of its eminent scientific value, since it relates to a subject hitherto unknown to science.
2
THE UNIVERSITY COURIER.
CONTRIBUTIONS.
ON THE DERMAL COVERING OF A MOSASAUROID REPTILE.
(LIODON DYSPELOR Cope).
A paper read before the Kansas Academy of Science, October 9th, 1878, by Prof. F.H.Snow, of the University of Kansas.
The geological section of the Kansas University scientific expedition, for 1878, in charge of Professor B. F. Mudge and the writer, examined with care a portion of the blue-gray shales and the yellow limestones along the Hackberry creek, in Gove county, Kansas. These rocks belong to the Niobrara group of the cretaceous formation. The locality had been previously visited by several parties of geological explorers, who had obtained from it many valuable fossils, and it was hardly expected that the gleanings from a field so thoroughly worked would contain anything of unusual value. But the frosts and rains of a single year had evidently exposed to view many remains of fishes and saurians, and our labors were unexpectedly and abundantly rewarded. In less than three weeks, 41 saurians, 117 fishes and 6 pterodactyls (Pteranodonts) were discovered, many of them in almost perfect condition, and all of them of sufficient value to justify their transportation for a distance of 300 miles, to take their places in the cabinets of the University.
The most valuable specimen was a saurian, found in the yellow limestone, by the writer. A single vertebral bone was first observed, on June 17th, upon the blue shale at the bottom of a narrow ravine. No further remains were discovered until the following day, when a systematic search was made, in company with my assistant, Mr. L. L. Dyche. We soon detected a second bone, this time one of the phalanges, lying loosely upon the side of the ravine, several feet above the first bone, and a little farther up the ravine. In a few moments more the head of a vertebra was obscurely seen in the face of the solid yellow limestone, about 8 feet from the top of the ravine. An hour's work sufflecd to detach a block of rock containing several vertebrae and other bones. While removing the superfluous material from this block, in order to facilitate its removal to camp, a fortunate stroke of the hatchet revealed a peculiar reticulated surface, several square inches in extent. The thought instantly flashed upon my mind that here was something which had never before been seen by human eye. The conclusion was irresistible that the reticulated surface was the fossilized covering of the skin of the saurian, so perfectly preserved that every scale was distinctly visible, its outline clearly marked, and the elevated central line, or "carina," unmistakably indicated. Although, according to Prof. Dana's time-ratios, a period of five million years must have elapsed since this saurian swam in the shallow waters of the cretaceous seas of Western Kansas, yet each individual scale exposed to view was as perfectly preserved as if the animal had but yesterday died.
Prof. Marsh, of Yale college, some years ago described the large dermal plates, or scutes, belonging to other mosasauroid genera, which, as he writes me, "appear to be mainly confined to the neck and throat." But, so far as I am able to learn, nothing has been hitherto known of the general covering of the saurian body, in any genus, and nothing whatever of the dermal covering in the genus Liodon. It might have been
expected that this covering would be found to consist of larger plates, like those of the alligator and crocodile. On the contrary, it is composed of small scales, much resembling in size, shape and arrangement, the scales of living Ophidians. Dana, in his Manual of Geology (2d Edition, p.465), speaks of the mosasaurs as "snake-like reptiles." This comparison is strengthened when it is found that their dermal scales were almost an exact pre-figuration of those of the rattle-snakes which infest the ledges within which these saurians are found. The scales first exposed to view appeared to be on the anterior portion of the ventral surface of the body, but another small area was found not far from the pelvic bones. All the scales discovered were on the lower surface of the body, the bones lying above them except in one or two spots where a bone had by pressure been forced through the dermal covering. The original surface exposed was afterwards increased in extent, until a total continuous area of $ 3 3 \frac{1}{3} $ square inches was uncovered. This surface contains an average of 90 scales to the square inch, or a total of 3,000 scales. These are all preserved upon a single block of limestone, which also contains several vertebrae, phalanges, and other bones. A comparison with the scales of the living rattlesnake of the plains (Crotatus confluentus Say), indicate that the scales of the saurian were somewhat smaller than those of the snake, which, in a full grown "rattler," average 80 to the square inch, instead of 90.
On the day after the discovery of this dermal surface, I determined to obtain the remainder of the saurian, which was imbedded in the solid rock. It was necessary to remove 8 feet of superincumbent material before the proper level or "horizon" was reached, and also to undermine the specimen, in order to secure the remains in their original position, and, if possible, to expose a larger portion of the dermal covering. After three days and a half of hard labor, by myself and two assistants, we succeeded in removing one large slab, $5\frac{1}{2}$ feet by $2\frac{1}{2}$ feet, and 6 inches in thickness, weighing 500 lbs., and two smaller slabs, each containing the bones of a hind leg and foot. The large slab was found to contain dorsal vertebrae, ribs, and pelvic bones, in perfect preservation, and apparently without distortion. It also contains one of the forward limbs, or hands, lying underneath the ribs and vertebrae, with the bones in natural position. In this hand there are 47 of the hour-glass shaped bones of the palm and fingers, the five series consisting respectively of 12, 11, 10, 8, and 6, bones. The terminal or 12th bone of the first series is very minute, and triangular in shape, or, more exactly, shaped like the half of an hour-glass.
No attempt has yet been made to expose the dermal covering contained in the large slab, and it is exceedingly doubtful if such an attempt would prove successful. The bones imbedded in this slab, and now brought out in relief, are not in their natural position, except those of the hand above mentioned. Only two of the twenty vertebrae, which are scattered over the slab in all positions, remain united. The dozen ribs are variously disposed, and one of the thigh bones occupies a spot not far from the center of the lower margin of the slab. The appearance is very much as if some more powerful saurian or shark had devoured the flesh upon the larger bones of the victim, leaving untouched a portion of the skin of the lower surface of the body, and one of the front paddles, which probably did not contain much material for the gratification of his appetite.
THE UNIVERSITY COURIER.
3
In regard to the generic determination of this saurian, I can only say, that of the three well marked genera of the mosa-sauroid reptiles of the Kansas cretaceous, the specimen seems to agree most accurately with Liodon Owen (Tylosaurus Marsh). This genus is indicated by the broad neural spines, and by the fact that the number of bones in the first digit of the paddles is the greatest. The specific determination given in the title of this paper will probably be found to be correct. The specimen appears to be a small-sized individual of its species.
The following measurements are appended:
Dermal scale — M.
Length, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0033
Breadth, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0025
Length of “carina,” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0037
Dorsal vertebra —
Length of centrum, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 075
“ “ neural spine, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 095
Breadth of neural spine, at base, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 074
“ “ “ “ at tip, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 039
Vertical diameter of cup, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 058
Transverse diameter of cup, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 071
Longest rib —
Tip to tip, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
Along curvature, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418
Breadth at base, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 025
“ “ tip, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 009
“ “ center, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 012
Femur —
Length, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Breadth at proximal end, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 082
“ “ distal end, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 073
“ “ center, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 050
Front paddle—total length, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 726
Coracoid —
Length, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Breadth at proximal end, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Curvature at proximal end, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Breadth at distal end, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 056
Distance of perforation from outer edge, . . . . . . . . . . . . . 026
“ “ “ “ inner edge, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 042
Humerus —
Length, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Breadth at proximal end, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 074
“ “ distal end, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 080
Ulna —
Length, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 093
Breadth proximal, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 041
“ distal, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 063
Radius —
Length, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 094
Breadth proximal, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 047
“ distal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 041
JOURNALISM.
As we glance back over the past, and notice the advancements that have been made in manufactures, in inventions, the sciences, art, and literature, we cannot help but notice the wonderful improvements in the latter. Never since the "golden age" of Grecian and Roman culture has there been such rapid strides made in literature, and especially in that branch known as journalism.
Burke's definition of a journal as "the history of the world for one day," or Sanborn's definition of American journalism, "was nothing, is something, and aspires to be everything," gives us a general view of the object of this all important institution. The public journals wield a power in this country that could not be exercised in any other way. Dr. Tolme says, that through its assistance, as it were, a whole nation holds council and deliberates. Its mission is a high and noble one. The journalist has it in his trust and stewardship to be the organ and mould of public opinion, to express and guide it through all sectional interest, for the public good. Herein his work is allied to that of the statesman and politician, and takes ranks, as it takes tribute, of the pulpit, education, science, and the law. The perusal of the public press enlarges the mind and produces a desire for learning. Journalism, as looked upon by Horace Greeley, was "not an end, but a means to a higher end." It is brought into use to assist and advance the development of every circle of life, and it should be condemned unless it aims at the highest and noblest.
The country press does not receive the credit that belongs to it. Horace Greeley says there is probably no class of men who do so much work for so little pay as the editors of country newspapers. These journals should receive the support of the entire districts in which they are published. They are invaluable to every home. As the people of the country are the bulwarks upon which the nation rests, so is the country prest all important as their representative. As the people are pure and elevated, so the press will be.
James Gordon Bennet, Sr., Horace Greeley, Henry J. Raymond, and Chas. A. Dana, were representative characters of different styles of journalists, and represented leading American papers. They each selected a field of action, and, although differing as to the manner, aimed at the same goal, namely: journalistic success. Of these four Raymond succeeded best as a journalist, and Greeley as a moulder of public opinion. The press is a mill which grinds all that is put into its hopper. In order to keep the grist clear, we shall have to invoke the aid of the educational institutions and public schools, to diffuse among the people the exact knowledge, the careful thought, the high aim, the generous motive, and the principles of justice, which give usefulness and dignity to the newspaper press. The legal responsibility of a newspaper is great, but the moral responsibility is still greater. A journal may not be called upon to substantiate the charges it makes, but it must inevitably suffer in the minds of an educated people.
The ideal newspaper is an impossibility, and the test of a paper's excellence is the demand for it among the classes it strives to please. The greatest service the administration could do for the country would be to exclude from public offices the journalists, and thus relieve them from temptation to betray the interests entrusted to them. They make most of the great men and executives of the nation, and therefore should watch and expose their faults and wrong doings. Let us compel them to adopt an independent standpoint, and thus be able to exclaim, like Junius: "Wherever Junius appears he must encounter hosts of enemies. But is there no honorable way to serve the public without engaging in personal quarrels, or submitting to the drudgery of canvassing votes for an election? Is there no merit in dedicating one's life for the information of his fellow men?" The journalist is a news-monger, who buys everywhere, and sells wherever he can. What the press needs is conscience and courtesy. It has enough of ability and wit. I think, like Geo. W. Curtis: "What a press it might be; but what a press we make it."
C. V. K.
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THE UNIVERSITY COURIER.
The University Courier A Monthly Publication Devoted to the Interests of the KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY.
CONDUCTED BY AN ORGANIZATION OF STUDENTS.
Price of Subscription, Fifty Cents per School Year.
RATES OF ADVERTISING - $1.00 per Inch, First Insertion; 50 Cents per Inch each Subsequent Insertion.
CARRIE M. WATSON, '77,
W. E. STEVENS, '79,
SCOTT HOPKINS, '81,
R. W. E. TWITCHELL, '81,
Asst. Editors.
H. C. BURNETT, Editor.
C. V. KING, Business Manager.
Address UNIVERSITY COURIER.
Address UNIVERSITY COURIER.
UTILITARIAN EDUCATION.
There is a popular demand now for education that tends toward utility. That demand is inspired by a modern philosophy which teaches that the test of the worth of everything is its utility. But the ideas that offshoot from this philosophy are apt to become perverted and narrow, unless the broad and right meaning of the term "utility" is always kept in mind. A genuinely useful education is not always such as will enable its possessor to enter the field of active business life and accumulate wealth. That is not a desirable culture which only furnishes its possessor with weapons, and trains him to their skillful use in business competition with his fellow men. It will not do to let the almighty dollar creep in and make itself the object even of the student's ambition, and thus destroy the best intellectual effort, and turn education towards an unworthy object. The power to accumulate property is not so desirable an attainment as is that true manhood which comes from a generous development of the mind.
When a young man enters college with the object of fitting himself for what he hopes will be a lucrative calling, and will bring with it influence and position, he aims too low. If he intends to make himself a sharp business man, he aims lower yet. It is good to have a lucrative calling and to be a sharp, but honest, business man, but there is something better. The struggle to accumulate wealth is already too bitter, and no man should cultivate all his energies to be used in that direction. Competition needs to be relaxed, and the best way to relax it is to inspire the young men and women of this age with a nobler object than that of gain. The happiness that comes from the possession even of a fortune, is fleeting and treacherous, and, oftener than otherwise, lands its votaries upon the shores of pain. The last few years of "hard times" have furnished numberless illustrations. There is something better than material prosperity, something that will not desert the man and leave him bankrupt—that something is a cultured mind, that finds comfort in itself, and an integrity of soul that will not stoop to what is wrong. This is lasting, while the low order of happiness found in the idea of ownership is continually broken in upon, particularly in this age, when the possessor of a fortune must guard against and repel continual attempts to take it from him.
A wiser one than many of the wise men who have followed him knew, and did not hesitate to say, that "the love of money is the root of all evil." The branches from this root show themselves in numberless forms. Some times it is an Isaacs, who, for a few dollars, drops behind his companion
and puts a bullet through his brain; sometimes it is a man who secures the appointment of receiver of a broken bank, at a salary six or eight times as large as is right, and then delays settlement with the bank's creditors until the assets are absorbed; sometimes the branch is very large and flourishing, as, for instance, a moneyed aristocracy that lives upon the labors of others.
"Daily, with souls that cringe and plot, We Sinais climb and know it not."
The genuine student learns that culture only comes in her best form to him who woos her for her own sake. If sought for baser purposes, she eludes the seeker, or, if overtaken, drops the beauty, grace, the charms that make her so attractive. Loved for her own sake, she is ever lovely, winning and true, ever brings new delights. And for this reason the student must give himself entirely to her, if he would win that worth having. Keeping up the mere routine of study is not enough. How many students pass a few years at college, graduate and receive their diplomas, who never once taste those pure delights that come from genuine culture. Absolute devotion, and that only, will win it; and this devotion must not be clouded by any wayward turning toward false gods. The struggle for existence, as seen in the toil and care of business life, will come all too soon; but he is thrice armed against those ills who can turn with keen zest and ever renewed pleasure to fields of learning that delighted him when a student, and where he ever finds new beauties and pure enjoyment.
The University starts out this year under very favorable auspices. The number of students thus far enrolled is 331, representing forty-one counties in Kansas, and twelve States in the Union. This is a larger number of students than has been enrolled at this time during any previous year, and if the number increases in the same proportion as in former years, it will reach 400 before the close of the year. The increased attendance from our own State is an evidence of the growing popularity of the University among its supporters. Right in this connection we desire to speak a few words in reply to an assertion which has been made in some parts of the State, in reference to the University. While we believe that all malicious charges should be treated with studied contempt, we know there are some statements which are not inspired by malice, but by an ignorance of facts. Such a statement is the one that the University is a "school for Lawrence." From a careful examination of the catalogues of Yale college, we find that a larger per cent. of the students are from New Haven, than are in attendance at the Kansas University from Lawrence. A larger per centage of the students of Harvard are from the immediate vicinity, than we find in attendance at the University of Kansas from the vicinity of Lawrence. The same is true of Michigan, and all the important public universities and colleges in the country. It is but natural that Lawrence should take advantage of the superior educational advantages at her door. The same would be true were the institution located at any other city in the State. Out of a total cost of the University and grounds, of $245,000, the city of Lawrence has given $180,000, yet she neither claims nor expects any privileges not enjoyed by any other portion of the State. The city schools of Lawrence have not been abolished as has been asserted. Her schools will compare favorably with the schools of any city in Kansas. It has been asserted that the University of Kansas is in rivalry with the school system of
THE UNIVERSITY COURIER.
5
the State. Such an assertion scarcely deserves the dignity of a reply. Why should the superstructure seek to undermine the substrata? The Regents of the University have prepared a course of study corresponding to the preparatory department of the institution. This course, if pursued, will admit the applicant to the Freshman class of the University without examination. If the school boards of the State do not adopt the course, surely they are at fault, and not the University. If the people of Kansas wish to abolish the preparatory department of the University, let them raise the standard of their high schools, and the department will vanish for want of students.
The increase of students from neighboring States indicates the popularity of the institution abroad. The geographical situation of the University of Kansas indicates that it is soon destined to be one of the greatest educational institutions in the country. The people of Missouri, on the east, are, for the most part, not a school supporting people, for it is a fact very generally known, that at Paris, while Kansas took a premium upon her educational system, Missouri took a premium upon her lager beer. The better classes of people of our sister State, seeing the superior educational advantages of the Kansas University, will send their sons and daughters here to acquire an education. The same is true of Texas and the Indian Territory, which will soon be opened to settlement, New Mexico, and the country of the South-west, now being rapidly settled. The people of Colorado, on the west, are similar to the people of Kansas in their habits and occupations. The University of Kansas would answer the same purposes to them as a University within their own State. When the University of Michigan had reached the age now attained by the Kansas University, her prospects were far less flattering than are those of our institution to-day. And it is a fact, not generally known, that the University of Kansas, although in her infancy, is to-day close upon the heels of the University of Michigan. A bright future is dawning for our University, and it will be but a short time until she has as many students as the institutions which she now equals in scholarship.
COLLEGIANA.
The Archery Club entertained a number of friends on the evening of the 31st ult., at the residence of Miss Jo. March, on Kentucky street.
Prof. Snow delivered an instructive and interesting lecture on meteors, before his Senior class in Meteorology, on Wednesday of last week.
Prof. Patrick is billed for a lecture before the Leavenworth Academy of Science, to be delivered on January 23d, on the subject, "Chemistry in the Arts."
Col. Halderman, of Leavenworth, has donated to the University a bottle filled with water from the river Jordan. The water was taken from the river by Col. Halderman himself, a short distance below Jericho.
Last summer the campus was surveyed and computations made of the dirt to be excavated. It is thought the grounds will be leveled next spring. We understand that many of the public spirited farmers in the neighborhood of Lawrence think of giving a day to the work. The work could be done on the same plan as that of setting out the trees last spring.
A large lot of pictures have lately been added to the Latin and Greek departments. They represent various places and events in Greek and Roman history, and besides making the rooms attractive will be very useful in fixing in the memory events which, without such assistance, would be difficult to retain.
We had a pleasant talk, on last Monday evening, with Mr. Charles S. Gleed, city editor of the Lawrence Journal. He is making a canvass of the State with Col. J. R. Hallowell, candidate for Congressman at large. Mr. Gleed, besides being one of the best city editors in the State, is a cordial, entertaining gentleman.-Paola Citizen.
At the gallery of Mr. Da Lee, on South Tennessee street, may be seen three large pictures of General Frazer, Prof. B.C. Smith, and Prof. Bardwell. The photographs were taken by Mr. Da Lee, and were aftewards sent to St. Louis to be "retouched." The pictures are very life like, and are faithful representations of three brilliant men, who, when living, were noble and kind hearted, and of each of whom it might be said, he was that "noblest work of God—an honest man." The pictures will be placed in the Regents' room.
As was previously announced in Chapel, the Faculty "took the honor upon themselves" of giving a reception to the students, on Thursday evening, the 25th ult. The affair was well attended and all present enjoyed themselves. Solos were sung by Misses Collier and Neill, and Mr. G.C. Smith, and college songs by a number of students. We would like to ask, without appearing immodest, why these receptions cannot be given every three months instead of annually. They are sources of much pleasure and profit.
Prof. Robinson delivered an able lecture in University Hall on Tuesday evening, the 29th ult., upon the subject,"The Historical Value of Linguistic Study." The following account of the lecture we take from a report published in the Kansas City Review of Science and Industry:
"The subject is one of unusual interest, and was well handled by Prof. Robinson, who traced familiar words in our language through various changes, back to the original and often much more expressive word, in a language now no longer heard."
"He explained also how similarity in the grammatical structure of two different languages points to a community of origin, although the resemblance would not show itself in words of like sound. He gave a brief and interesting history of the growth of the present English language, advertising to the different foreign elements that were from time to time introduced, and which modified, in some instances greatly modified, the essential structure."
The G. E. B. Club, a young ladies literary society, celebrated Hallowe'en at the residence of Mr. L. Bullene. The club spent the night with Miss Gertie, entertaining their gentlemen friends from half past seven until twelve o'clock, and many were the pryings into futurity on that night so full of prophecy. Among the means of ascertaining some of fate's decrees was a cake containing a ring, thimble and money, which was passed to the girls, each one anxious as to her lot; but the decision passed, declaring that Miss Lou Rankin would be married within a year, that Miss Hattie Lewis would be destined to earn her livelihood by means of the thimble, and that Miss Lizzie Miller would become wealthy. Altogether it was pronounced one of the most enjoyable times for many a day, by everyone present. And while the Hallowe'en tricks, music and dancing, were going on within the house, all the witches, fairies, and other mischief-making beings, must have been let loose without; for alas, when the gentlemen came to go home, in what condition they did find their carriages! Especially confusing were the wheels of Prof. Patrick's "saddle."
6
THE UNIVERSITY COURIER.
PUBLIC OPINION.
That master to whom we are all servants has undergone a radical change in the past three centuries. Two hundred and fifty years ago it was considered as crude and imperfect, and merely the revelings of a lively imagination, but, to-day, it sits enthroned with all the power of a monarch, and the mind of him who would become politically great, must either conform to its principles, or be consigned to the more humble stations in life, and made subject to the unswerving dictates of this ruling monarch. But since the system of universal education has become the battle cry of almost every nation, the standard of public opinion has been so elevated and improved, that today that man whose mind is cast in this mould, closely conforming to its every requirement, does not deviate from the path of right and justice to such an extent as in former ages. An educated and enlightened public opinion, which is based upon the comparison of notes, and the living examples from every nation on the face of the earth, can scarcely be deceived; and when a man by golden bribes, or other political chicanery, obtains a position of trust; and when he becomes so petrified in sin, as to be able to endure the raspings of an enlightened conscience, and basely betrays the public confidence, he is immediately snatched from his position of ill-gotten fame, and hurled to a political grave.
To the inexperienced mind, it would seem that with such discipline, political frauds and corruptions would be unknown; that truth and justice would reign supreme. But human nature becomes so thoroughly developed in the brazen faced politician, his avaricious desires and burning ambition lead and allure him on to such an extent, that the victims to this political leprosy are counted by the hundreds. So in the political field, this harrowing discipline seems to be an unavoidable necessity, in order to prevent the undermining and final destruction of the now flourishing nation.
But a view from the social standpoint should reveal quite another picture, and from this standpoint we propose to criticise public opinion, for it is accustomed to apply the same rule to social misconduct as to political deceptions, and with even more exactness and precision. When erring man, tempted beyond his power of endurance, commits a crime comparatively greater than the every day sins of his fellow men, and when, perhaps, he is rendered doubly penitent by the punishments of the law, and by the stings and remorse of his own conscience, public opinion immediately steps in, and coldly consigns him to the shades of everlasting social darkness. And to regain the position from which he has fallen, is almost an impossibility. Not that he is worse by nature than many others, but either from his want of endurance, or the aggravated temptation in an unguarded moment, he has fallen, never again to rise on this side the grave. For when once started on the downward road, his speed is only quickened by the piercing goads of public opinion; he rushes on from one degree of wickedness to another, until he reaches that abyss which terminates his once promising, but now wretched career; a disgrace to his country, nation, and kindred. When, if on the commission of his first crime, whilst receiving the punishment inflicted by the law, and the just censure of a Christian people, if at the same time he had received one word of encouragement, one token of forgiveness, inspiring his tortured soul with the hope of once more enjoying the confidence of his former friends and associates, this wretched career might have been avoided, and the country blest with a useful
citizen. But instead of these conditional promises of reinstatement, every man becomes his judge, and every house his court. He is condemned by the press; and he is scorned by his more fortunate friends who have the power to resist temptation, or, if yielding, are sufficiently cunning to avoid detection. Those who were once his friends now use every precaution lest their righteous robes may be contaminated by his unhallowed touch. These, who should be his reclaimers and reformers, by this cold and cruel treatment, urge him on to deep despair, and to the commission of crimes still more heinous, crimes for which the public is to a great degree responsible; and in this direction we claim there is yet need for reform, a reform whose motto shall be the golden rule, and whose aim shall be the reformation and elevation of fallen man.
J. O. H.
MANLY SPORTS.
In the most, if not all, of our contemporary schools, in the east especially, physical sports are more heartily entered into than here. The value of combining physical exercise with mental exertion, is a fact though widely known, little practiced. Consequently we see our students graduating with high honors, only to succumb in a few years, at most, to that fatal agent, consumption, or some other disease equally destructive. Any one can observe that our best and most successful institutions of learning are those in which the muscle is developed as well as the brain. This must be so, for by dwarfing other parts of the body the mental capacities are as directly injured. Yale, Harvard, Columbia, and Cornell, take the lead in manly sports. With their boat crews, base ball clubs, and gymnasiums, the students are strengthened, and better prepared for work. Kansas University is deficient in this respect, and it is a noticeable fact that the older students of this institution are physically weaker than their younger and fresher brethren. You may ask, why is this? The question is very easily answered. Kansas is a young State; her inhabitants, as a class, are not wealthy, and the boys and girls who enter this University, for the most part, are sons and daughters of working men. The students themselves are accustomed to work, and so a radical change from a life of out-door labor to one so confining as this, is more than the average student can endure. Consequently his health begins to fail him, and ere long he is worthless, both as a farmer or business man, and much less as a student. Sedentary life such as we are now leading needs have exercise, and it is necessary that we should take it, no matter if we think our lessons for the morrow will suffer for it. Leaving books behind, taking a walk or a run, inhaling and exhaling the fresh air, then going back to our studies, we are surprised how quickly we can comprehend that which before seemed so abstract and far fetched. One of the many things needed at the University is a gymnasium, where each student can take the requisite amount of exercise. We want three or four ball clubs organized, more rope pulls, (anything to keep the young ladies and gentlemen from congregating in the halls). Arouse a spirit of emulation among the students to excel in manly sports, and no one need fear that lessons will suffer thereby.
Tis true that in certain colleges these sports are over done, and prove rather a detriment to the institution: but the desired effect, in this case, is lost, from the fact that, being wealthy and caring little for study,the students make a sin out of a necessity.
THE UNIVERSITY COURIER.
7
MISCELLANEOUS.
EDUCATIONAL NOTES. Iowa has 12,000 school teachers.
There are sixty pupils in the industrial department of Michigan University.
The Kansas State Agricultural College has over one hundred and fifty students.
The Paola Normal school has, at present, an enrollment of one hundred and twenty-eight students.
The Kansas Institution for the education of the deaf and dumb has about one hundred students.
Regular instruction in practical cookery is a part of the new system in London public schools.
Tufts College has this year 110 students, eigthy-two of them being undergraduates.
In the Kansas State University, forty counties of the State, and twelve States are represented by students.
Fifty years ago 40 per cent of college graduates in the United States became clergymen; now the percentage is only 17.
There are 160 Freshmen this term at Cornell,40 at Union,75 at Brown,18 at Tufts,231 at Harvard,160 at Michigan and 50 at Rochester.
The Hopkins Grammar School, at New Haven, was founded in 1800, and now begins the year 1878-9 with 144 students in attendance.
Brown University has negotiable funds to the amount of over $800,000 and its property has shrunk but little during the financial depression.
Michigan University was founded in 1817,but was not known till 1841. It was opened with two professors in 1841 and 12 students. At the last commencements, in March and June, there were 358 graduates from all departments.
The recent steady increase in the number of students at Brown University is said to be in connection with a gradual increase of the requirements for admission.
Michigan University is reported to have a freshman class of about 160 members. It is expected that the number of students in attendance at the
University this year will be about 1,300. Among them are nearly forty ladies; three of these are in the law department.
In the Kansas Institution for the education of the deaf and dumb, the pupils in the industries are employed as follows: Ten in the printing department, twenty in the shoe shop, and seven in the cabinet shop, while all female pupils, not otherwise employed, are in the sewing department.
DIRECTORY.
There is in Boston a school in which thirty-two boys are taught to practically use their juvenile taste for whittling. A course of twenty-four lessons in wood carving is arranged to secure the greatest amount of instruction with the least expenditure for tools and material. Instruction is given in the evening. The founders of this school are led by their experience to the belief that three or four hours a week for one year only of the grammar school course, would be enough to give boys intimacy with tools, and encouragement to the inborn inclination to handicraft; and "that it would be easy to establish, in connection with all our grammar schools for boys, an annex for elementary instruction in the use of the half dozen universal tools, i.e., the hammer, plane, saw, chisel, file, and square."
OBITUARY.
W. W. FLUKE,
Junius J. Hadley, a student of the University in the year 1870-1, died at his home in Wyandotte, on the 30th ult. Mr. Hadley was a young man of sterling integrity and unsullied character. The following account of the funeral ceremonies we clip from the Kansas City Times:
"Yesterday was a sad day for Wyandotte, for she laid away in Oak Grove Cemetery all that was earthly of one of her most promising and energetic young men, June Hadley. Long before the hour set for the funeral, which was 3 o'clock, carriages, buggies and all kinds of conveyances, blocked the way to the residence of his father, the Hon. D. B. Hadley, and at 2:30 the Drought Rifles in full uniform, headed by their band, marched to the house. After the religious ceremonies by the Rev. R. M. Tunnell, which were highly impressive, the Rifles formed single file, and through their ranks with presented arms, the corpse was placed in the hearse. The Rifles formed again, and, headed by their band playing a funeral dirge marched forward, followed by the hearse, mourners, coaches and friends, making a very long procession. On arriving at the cemetery the Rifles formed around the grave, and after a few more feeling remarks from Rev. R. M. Tunnell, all that was earthly of June Hadley was laid away in their final resting place. The procession was very fine and impressive."
MUSIC STORE, AND DEALER IN ORGANS, Pianos, and Singer Sewing Machines.
BROMELSICK'S
SHIRT DEPOT. HEAD BUARTERS FOR HATS.
5 Caps, and Gent's Furnishing Goods.
HUTSON & KLOCK.
RESTAURANT AND MANUFACTURING CON-fectioners.
A. G. MENGER,
MANUFACTURER AND DEALER-IN BOOTS and Shoes.
H. W. MACAULY,
LAWRENCE BUSINESS COLLEGE. THO-
rough Business Course.
W. M. CULBERTSON.
NO. 110
DEALER IN ALL KINDS OF COAL Office No. 110 Massachusetts Street.
University Students and all their friends will find the best assortment of
Boots and Shoes
HUMES' ONE PRICE HOUSE,
125 Mass. St., Lawrence, Kansas.
AT LOWEST PRICES, AT
ESTABLISHED IN 1862.
J. HOUSE & CO. CLOTHIERS,
LAWRENCE, KAN.
UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS. 1878.
THE PALACE OF THE UNIVERSITY
FALL SESSION COMMENOED SEPT. 11.
Full course of study in Ancient and Modern Languages, in Metaphysics and Political Science, in Mathematics, in Natural Sciences, in English Literature and History, in Civil Engineering. Special courses in Natural History and Chemistry. A higher course of Normal Instruction for Professional Teachers.
A COURSE OF LECTURES
On various topics, embracing Science, Literature, Art, and Law, by some of the most eminent men in the State.
MUSIC.
Vocal, Piano, and Organ, by a competent instructor. For any desired information, write to J.MARVIN, Chancellor, Lawrence, Kausas.
8
THE UNIVERSITY COURIER.
SPECIAL NOTICE!
We cordially invite all TEACHERS and STUDENTS of the State University to call at our immense stock of
FASHIONABLE CLOTHING.
FASHIONABLE CLOTHING Especially adapted for this season of the year, such as fine.
CASSIMERE SUITS.
Genuine Black Worsted and Imported Broadcloth Suits,
Also BLACK, BROWN, and BLUE
BEAVER, WORSTED & CHINCHILLA OVERCOATS,
At ALL PRICES, and equal in every respect to the best custom make; also a large stock of GENTS' FURNISHING GOODS, HATS AND CAPS, &c., &c.
We shall always keep THE BEST, THE CHEAP-EST, and THE LARGEST Stock of First-Class Clothing ever shown in this vicinity. We consider it no trouble to show our goods, and our motto is,
"STRICTLY SQUARE DEALING."
Your obedient servants,
STEINBERG BROS.,
87 Massachusetts St.
THE BOYS!
A. J. CONNELLY,
IS THE
BOYS'SHOE MAN
——OF LAWRENCE.——
He keeps in Stock the
FINEST LINE OF BOOTS, SHOES.
AND
RUBBER GOODS
Ever sold in Lawrence, which he will sell at lower prices than any of them. You will always find him on the
COR. OF MASS. AND WARREN STS.
Cash Grocery House.
Famous for First Class
GROCERIES
Bed Rock Prices!
ALT
FRESH OYSTERS AND CELERY ALWAYS ON HAND!
Students, Remember the Sign,
CASH GROCERY HOUSE,
J. S. HENDERSON,
143 Mass. St., Lawrence, Kansas.
PARNHAM & BAILEY,
PARNHAM & BAILEY,
P. O. Drawer, 240.
MANUFACTURERS OF
Monuments, Tombstones Mantles
All work guaranteed to give satisfaction.
P. M. HAMLIN,
LIVERY STABLE
Students are especially invited to call on me for Rigs of all kinds.
THE
JOURNAL
BOOK AND JOB OFFICE.
THE MOST COMPLETE FOR ALL KINDS OF WORK IN THE STATE.
T. B. EWING,
Subscription News Agent,
51 Massachusetts Street.
Harpers' Magazine, $3.50 per annum. All other pediatrics at or less than publishers' prices. Subscribers wanted for Kansas City and St. Louis dailles.
University Books,
-FOR-
Paper, Scratch Books, Pens, Inks, Pencils, &c.,
A. F. BATES' BOOK STORE, 99 Massachusetts Street
99 Massachusetts Street.
Turkish Bath
AND
ELECTRO-MEDICAL INSTITUTE,
No. 60 Vermont Street.
Special attention to Chronic Diseases and Nervous Affections of all kinds.
TERMS REASONABLE.
DR. R. DOBBINS, Proprietor.
DALEE.
University Photograph Gallery. South Tennessee Street, LAWRENCE, KAN. Photographs taken from card to life size by the Lightning Process.
" VENIENTI OCCULI MORBO. "
Dr. Thos. Yarnold, ENGLISH PHYSICIAN,
Treats all Chronic and Complicated Diseases.
Office 169 Mass, St. Residence 163 & 165, up stairs.
LAWRENCE, KANSAS.
Crystal Palace Barber Shop
OPPOSITE POST OFFICE, UNDER NATIONAL BANK.
MITCHELL & HORNE, Proprietors.
ONE OF THE LARGEST STOCKS
Boots AND Shoes
In the City to select from at
BED ROCK PRICES
CAN BE FOUND AT
R. D. MASON'S.
SHIRTS,
Underwear, Collars and Cuffs,
TO ORDER FROM MEASURE,
Opposite Durfee House. LAWRENCE, KANSAS.
Measure for future reference solicited.
Dr. SMYTH,
Oculist and Aurist,
LAWRENCE, KANSAS.
WHEN YOU ARE IN WANT OF
GOOD CLOTHING, FURNISHING GOODS.
Boots, Shoes, Hats and Caps,
You will find the Largest Assortment at LOWEST PRICES.
CHEAP CHARLEY'S
Kansas Marble Works.
GRIGGS BROTHERS Manufacturers and Dealers in
Foreign and American Marble, Monuments, Headstones,
Tablets, Mantles, &c.
37 Mass. St., opposite P. O., LAWRENCE, KAS.
ESTABLISHED 1865.
W. BERGMAN.
INTERNATIONAL CLOTHING EMPORIUM.
No. 69 Mass. St., LAWRENCE, KAN.
No. 69 Mass. ST., LAWRENCE, KAN.
The Latest Styles of Mens,' Youths' and Boys' Clothing and Furnishing Goods kept constantly on hand.
Students especially invited to call and examine.
CREW & NEWLIN Booksellers.
The Largest Stock of Books, Standard, Miscellaneous, School and Scientific, in the State. Libraries and Students furnished at lowest discounts.
S. C. McCONNELL,
MERCHANT TAILOR. 75 MASSACHUSETTS STREET.
Latest styles of goods on hand. A liberal discount to Students.
H. W. HOWE,
DENTIST. Office 105 Mass. St.
N. TROUS OXIDE FOR PAINLESS EXTRACTION OF TEE1H.
BUY YOUR PAPER AT THE KANSAS PAPER STORE.