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THE UNIVERSITY DAIR
The University Daily KANSAN, Page 23
Re-evaluating Education's Role
By BOB SIMISON
A framed document attesting to the value of higher education used to hang on the wall outside the principal's office at Mead Junior High School in Wichita.
It used graduated stacks of coins to compare the worth of junior high, high school and college educations. The stack beside the college diploma was to be the highest stack, so it was to go to college and assure your future solvency.
"No longer is it true," says Chancellor Emeritus Raymond Nichols of the University of Kansas, "that because you go to college your earnings will be 40 per cent bigger than if you don't."
That document may still adorn the wall of Mead Junior High, but it would represent conception of high school history.
So are legislatures across the country, including the Kansas Legislature. As a result, the generous appropriations of a few years ago have stopped coming.
"There's a re-evaluation of what the purpose of college is. Parents are asking that more and more."
In addition, enrollments are leveling off; tuitions and costs are being forced up; and greater emphasis is being put on continuing education and career training.
"How higher education responds to these new circumstances will determine its character and role."
out defining the role of higher education may be no easy matter. At least some of the problems facing higher education can be traced to an ambiguous conception of its role, educators agree.
"If the American people had ever made up their minds what they wanted education to be," says Francis Heller, professor of law and political science who would have spared ourselves a lot of problems."
Heller, a former vice chancellor for academic affairs, says higher education has been a means of upward social mobility, a means of adjustment for social problems and a center for the pursuit of knowledge. Dykes ties social, cultural and economic progress to higher education.
"It's been said for years that social ills would be eased with more education," Heller says. "So there was a big letdown in the '60s because of unfulfilled expectations."
One unfulfilled expectation was that a college
education meant a good job, Steven Muller, president of John Hopkins University, writes in a recent article.
Opportunities for higher education were greatly expanded, but this led to an oversupply of college graduates. Muller says. When those graduates discovered that their educations didn't assure them jobs, the value of higher education came into question.
And showing the value of higher education puts educators in a difficult spot. All they can do is to assert, as Dykes does, that "education is at the heart of social, cultural and economic progress."
But legislatures are demanding an accounting of higher education's contribution, and they're questioning its efficiency. Such demands are difficult to meet in many cases, and the American Association of State Colleges and Univers-
"I still think there's a place in society for someone with a general education.It's more important to know than to know how."
sites, writes in a recent issue of College and University Business.
"A campus is not an assembly line, a student is not a professor and a diploma is not a profit margin," he writes.
Heller says the best measure of a university's worth would be an evaluation by students several years after graduation—"when the results are in" (1978). Such an evaluation would be prohibitive, he admits.
Current measures of a university's value focus on such inputs as size of the library and student-faculty ratio, he says. To shift the measure to outputs, he recommends a formula based on student development, institutional vitality, public service and research.
So educators are taking the initiative from another direction.
"The University needs to be more responsive and flexible to the demands of the public," says Dykh.
That means new systems of administration, appealing to new educational constituencies and upgrading
Recent enrollment trends indicate the University will deal with more older students, says James Ramsay. Students beyond the traditional 18-to-24 age group will use the University more to supplement
“Continuing education is the coming thing,” says Nichols. “It’s spreading across the country. The public wants to keep up with intellectual stimulation.
"It's just a hunger that many people have. So the University and the colleges have an obligation to meet."
Heller notes a trend among many professionals such as doctors, lawyers and pharmacists to keep up-to-date by renewing their education. And he hints that teachers will jump at the opportunity of courses away from the University for financial bonuses and because "they're just plain fun to teach."
In addition to the challenge of such extension, however, educators face a consolidation of programs and tightening of curricula. This means that the teacher must do to a better job of management, Nichols pays.
A new emphasis on master planning seeks to eliminate duplication of programs among the state.
It's just a face that not every university will be able to continue to do everything it does." Nichols save.
So what things will KU continue to do?
"It will continue as the only comprehensive university in the state," says Dykes. "In that sense, it will always have a major responsibility for professional and graduate education, research and service.
"At the undergraduate level, (KU) will achieve excellence that will be a pace setter for the rest of us."
And Dykes and others consider the current emphasis in college on vocational training simply a
"People will take the broader view that people make their greatest contribution to society with a broad perspective."
"I still think there's a place in society for someone with a general education," says Nichola "It's my goal." He added, "I want to help people."
--student loans
scholarships
fellowships
PRIVATE SUPPORT
from alumni and friends provides . . .
library acquisitions works of art
lectureships
research scientific collections
scientific collections campus expansion special buildings and equipment departmental assistance
... for the University of Kansas
THE KANSAS UNIVERSITY ENDOWMENT ASSOCIATION "To build a greater University than the State alone can build"
--act in muson as well as with other countries if peace is threatened.
But Kissinger promised to stand by the allies despite the disagreements and proposed the development of a unified energy program to tackle an oil shortage he said would have developed even without the October war.
He unleashed U.S. support a late during the Middle East war, telling the North Atlantic Treaty Organization council that the United States will "have the greatest Europe's interest as the United States."
Kissinger attempted in his speech, however, to heal the wounds that deepened when most of the allies separated them during the war and its aftermath during the war and its aftermath
THE SPEECH WAS KISSNER's first to the council, which is holding a two-day team meeting. It was paraphrased for newsmen by U.S. officials who said the secretary emphasized that the alliance cornerstone of American foreign policy.
First, Kissinger listed a growing Soviet military force which he said was the primary reason for the search for detente. He also said upheaval in developing nations has a number of economic problems have greater urgency than differences across the Atlantic.
INFORMED DIPLOMATS reported that Kissinger disawarded any intention to keep Britain and France out of the Middle East peacemaking process. But they said he also told the NATO ministers both inside and outside Germany, that American and French representatives would complicate the peace talks due to begin in Geneva Dec. 18.
At one point, Foreign Minister Michel Jobert of France and Kissinger had a sharp exchange over the issue of consultation. Jobbert said Europe should have been advised before President Nixon and Soviet Communist party leader Leonid Brehner worked out their declaration last June on the prevention of nuclear war.
He said differences between the United States and Europe paled in comparison with China.
Syria until it turns over POW list.
Israeli Defense Minister Moshe Dayan told the Israeli parliament that the refusal to deal with Syria at the Dec. 18 Geneva peace negotiations was a
Israel says Syria has refused to over name of the 102 Israel POWs believed held in Syria, and the International Red Cross has confirmed the
An Israeli refusal to negotiate with Syria would be a serious blow to chances for the success of the negotiations.
Congressional tax experts received the first documents of Nixon's tax returns.
The material Nixon released in disclosing his tax affairs confirmed that he paid about $80,000 in federal income taxes over the past four years and no state income taxes. He asked the Joint Committee on Internal Revenue Taxation to review the returns.
Gas retailers want Phase 4 controls lifted so prices can rise $ 1^{\circ} $ to $ 3^{\circ} $ a gallon.
"We are fighting for our survival," said Charles Binsted, president of the National Congress of Petroleum Retailers during a convention. He made his comment at the same time an industry publication told of rising gasoline prices.
KU 'Preachers' Put Faith In Bible
See Story Page 3
sday, December 11, 1973
Nixon Tapesutor Disclosed
conspirator E. Howard Hunt and also said it would be no problem million to buy the silence of the final Watergate defendants.
old newsmen Monday that
were taking a second look of
a June 20, 1972, conversation
be President and then-White
I of staff H. R. Haldenau in
an determine what caused an
18-
ified that the March 22 meeting
cussion of Watergate and the
tertate committee hearings
to open seven weeks later.
**CHNICAL EXPERTS** had he tape at a laboratory in New and returned it to the judge a during the weekend they asked n. Sirica said, adding he hopes to sport by the end of the week. e past two weeks, Sirica heard n what might have caused the June 20 tape which was one of enaed.
d into evidence at the court
a letter Jaworski wrote Nov.
Fred Buzhard, White House
er, Jaworski asked for the June
Dean has testified that a plan to offer executive clemency to Hunt was discussed during those two days. In a related development yesterday, a federal judge ordered the Senate Watergate committee from questioning witnesses in closed sessions.
The request for an injunction was made by Chester Davis, attorney for Summa Corp., a company controlled by billionaire Howard R. Hughes. The Senate committee has been taking testimony in closed sessions about a $100,000 cash contribution from Hughes to Charles G. "Bebe" Rebozo, the President's close friend.
HE ALSO ASKED for the tape of a meeting between 5:16 p.m. and 5:56 p.m. on June 4 between the President and Charles Johnson, then White House special counsel
Tapes of telephone conversations on those
tapes between the President and Colonel
Rosales.
Rebabe and the President have said the money, held in a Florida bank for nearly $1 billion, is there to be used.
4 and tapes. He requested the tape of a meeting between 3:06 p.m. and 4:30 p.m. on June 3 involving the President, Haldeman Michael, then his domestic affairs adviser.
By SUZI SMITH
KananStaff Reporter
—Gov. Robert Docking said there was a last memory "some admade in the 5 per cent salary $n$ faculty at state schools that amended at the state budget at month.
said he couldn't say how much ent increase might be adjusted viewed the budget.
cking to Adjust cultv Pay Increase
met here last night with student enior class presidents from the olleyes and universities.
no regents had requested a 10 increase for faculty of the of Kansas, James Bibb, budget request. Regents raised five per cent instead.
lize that the money has limits.
er one priority has to be faculty
said that he was still "balancing
es against his demands." There
arry choices that have to be made
fe and learning, he said.
t student representatives agreed
y salary increases were the top
their schools.
- Kansas State University, said. Wichita senior and student lent of KU, called current faculty KU a "morale depressant." int representatives also stressed r approval by the legislature of a
$770,000 allocation to cover tuition fee waivers at the state schools. The program would give KU and K-State each $100,000, plus other fees. There are and each of the three colleges $800,000.
Seventy-five per cent of the funds would be used to pay athletic scholarships, and the remaining funds would go to music, debate and journalism programs.
Victor Miller, student body president at Kansas State Teachers College at Emporia, Missouri, was a popular portion to the colleges than to the universities. He said the colleges were being hit harder by decreasing enrollments and were finding it increasingly difficult to fund their students.
He said that the only way to avoid dropping minor sports and to face the coming enrollment crisis at the colleges would be through the waiver program.
Buckley said that he and Pat Neutsum, Salina senior and senior class president, mentioned specifically to Docking faculty members the need for classes and women's intercollegiate athletics.
"The desire for these programs was clearly made," Buckley said. "Now it lies in the fact that we have not."
Neustrom said he thought Docking was very receptive to the student representative.
"I really don't know how much consequence this dinner is going to have on his brain."
%age and price controls were lifted from $ industry but increases limited.
*Cost of Living Council said it extracted a commitment from Ford Co. and General Motors Corp. to limit price increases for the inder of the 1974 model year to an average of no more than $100 a mile. It also obtained from American Motors for an average of no more than $100.
yaler Corp., the council said, declined to make similar commitments,
we council decided to exempt it from controls.
department of Labor filed suit against milk educators alleging unfair labor practices.
A spokesman for the Associated Milk Producers, Inc. had no immediate comment on the suit alleging that it violated the Fair Law Standards Act.
Associated Milk Producers, Inc. had no immediate announcement on the suit alleging that it violated the Fair Labor Standards Act. The Labor Department petition asserts that the association hasn't been paying overtime compensation to workers who have worked more than 40 hours weekly at branch plants in Rusk and Sulphur Springs, Tex., and Laurel, Neb.
Gov't, environmental group considering
separate suits on Alaska pipeline monopoly.
The government and the Sierra Club assert that the Alaska pipeline would give oil companies an unfair monopoly.
At least one suit could seek to halt pipeline construction, scheduled to begin with September. Comparison of the line, which will tap the rich oil fields of Texas and Louisiana, will be released later.
Nixon formally submitted to the Senate
Saxbe's nomination to be attorney general.
Nixon picked William E. Saxbe, R-Ohio, to be attorney general more than a month ago but had been unable to make the nomination because the attorney general's salary had raised to $60,000 a year from $50,000 while
That constitutional obstacle was removed when Nixon signed into law a bill reducing the attorney general's salary to its previous level.