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The University Daily KANSAN, Page 19
Career Education the Trend
By ANN McFERREN
In rightly more than two years, the number of graduates from the School of Social Welfare at the Uni11 University of Kansas has risen from 15 to 154.
When the program began in fall 1970, 20 undergraduate students enrolled. Since then, the number of requests for admission to the school increased, such that only 75 of about 115 junior who apply each year are admitted.
And there are four times as many applications for admission to the master's degree program as there are oenines.
Ambrose Saricks
The dramatic increase of interest in social welfare is only one example of the need for more college-age seek career-related education. Many career-related areas are experiencing increases in enrollment at the college and other arts areas are experiencing decreases.
Although some top administrators here view the trend as a cyclical variation away from the quest for a general education, others say they foresee no immediate swing back. Meanwhile, they say the trend comes a time when the University lacks the financial flexibility to deal with it.
Consequently, the academic careers of many students are prolonged while they wait for admission to already overcrowded programs, and the quality of some programs is threatened by underfunding.
This trend has become apparent only during the last three years. During that time, the acting dean of the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, has noticed several changes.
During the last two or three years, students have designed special majors in environmental studies, but there is no established major in that field. Shankel says. Because of information about what a good curriculum has been prepared that would create an environmental studies major.
Kansan Photo
Enrolments in chemistry and biology have been boasted by continued interest in the medical field, he has helped personal administration remains high.
At the same time that enrollments are increasing in these areas, enrollments in the social sciences have increased in those cases decreased. Shankel says.
Bassett says enrollments in journalism will probably continue to increase.
Other schools are also experiencing growing pains. Enrolments in the school increased by 20% in increase about six years ago, say Edward P. Bassett, dean of the school. In 1968, 323 students were enrolled at the school there were 483, and by this fall, 543.
Charles Kahn, dean of the School of Architecture and Urban Design, says the number of applications for the school is increasing each semester. Between 180 and 200 freshmen apply for admission to the school each year. However, space and faculty limitations permit admission of only 100
One program, occupational therapy, has grown very rapidly in the last two years, he said.
Limited enrollments in several of the programs in the School of Fine Arts have been necessary in the past to prepare Thomas Gerton, dean of the school.
According to Leland Miller, professor of occupational therapy, the department reached its enrollment capacity in 1971. Many students had to be turned away, and several of them went into a "holding pattern" in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, he says.
In September 1971, the department was completely filled with students who had been turned away the previous semester, and no one was admitted who wasn't already enrolled at KU.
Enrollment in the School of Engineering at KU, however, has run
... Research
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Bearse. Support is available for only one faculty member.
Smissman is dismayed that there is "no stability in the funding of higher education."
Faculty members hesitate to move into new areas of research, he says, because the possibility of receiving new areas of research is almost nil.
At stake, according to Smissman, is the very standing of the University. He defines a university as an institution where learning is not only treated and gives it real value and says, "If you drop research, you're back at the college level."
Instead, Smissman says, faculty are forced to apply for funds in those directed research areas where the funds are being made available rather than working on break-throughs in new areas.
"Everyone wants to pass the buck," he says. "The state says, We're not going to fund you because the federal government isn't; but the federal government says the states should be doing the funding."
That kind of atmosphere very quickly begins to affect the scholarly enthusiasm of the faculty, Smissman says.
Teaching itself suffers unless there is research to accompany it. Without research, Smissman says, "stagnation and complacency set in."
The shift by the government to applied, or what Smitsman calls "mission-oriented" research, creates an environment in which science's programs, he says.
"Without basic research today, you don't know what you'll be missing tomorrow," he says.
For example, the Salk vaccine for polio was the culmination of basic research that had been done several years earlier, he notes.
William J. Argersinger Jr., vice chancellor for research and graduate studies, says he is concerned that several of KU's strongest programs have been the greatest hit by reductions in research funding and graduate student support. These include programs in clinical psychology human development and family life, social welfare, research and health-related sciences.
This is due in large part, he says, to a new attitude being taken by the federal government aimed at "ad-
dust-free" energy. The same presumptions of manpower needs"
The government is in effect, telling the universities how many trained specialists society is going to need for each area, Argersinger says. But their estimates are only guesses, and there are other opinions in the effect that a few years there will be shortages in the very areas where training funds are being reduced or eliminated, he says.
"Is the mission of the University to produce educated specialists to meet the needs of present society and its market," he wonders, "or is it to provide facilities for the kind of education that the people want?"
"It seems rather odd to say we're going to mount an all-out battle on cancer and heart disease and also say we're going to quit training scientists that will be needed in those areas," he says.
Argersinger says the government's attitude imposes a dilemma on the University.
counter to the trend toward career-related studies.
Engineering enrollment this at KU was 895, down from 1,247 in 1969, according to William P. Smith, dean of the school.
Smith says enrollment in the engineering school may soon begin to rise, but he doesn't predict how rapidly or how far.
Shankel says students in the last two or three years have become more interested in studies in which they see better job opportunities.
Administrators say there appears to be no single reason for increased student interest in career-related study.
Students studying journalism, Bassett says, "still think they can use their education to do something in society."
Professionalism in social work is increasing and will probably continue to do so, according to Edith Black, assistant to the dean of the School of Social Welfare. Although several federal programs involving social work are being phased out, they still remain essential, and the job market in social welfare should continue to be good, she says.
Open job markets in architecture and occupational therapy also may be factors that attract students to these areas.
Very few graduates in architecture fail to find jobs after they finish school, Kahn says.
Because of a decrease in the number of engineers in recent years, the number of engineering jobs exceeds that of people applying for them, says Smith.
About 10 years ago, he suggests, students begin to be disenchanted with science and technology, and such soft sciences as psychology and sociology became more popular.
The shifting of student interest to career-related study hasn't been without its consequences. Allocation of funds to the schools and departments has become more difficult as a result, as a whole was growing steadily.
Saricks says the resources that are available to the University must be reallocated. Funds must be taken away from areas with declining enrollment and be given to areas showing increases.
"We do have a problem," says Ambrose Sarice, vice chancellor of academic affairs. "How do we get our students to support our expanding units?"
The funding problem hasn't yet
become acute within the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Shankel says. However, each year it becomes more difficult for hands to shift student interests.
The college has tried to maintain flexibility by keeping some staff positions on a visiting basis and by not filling all teacher assistant positions.
As students shift their areas of study from the liberal arts programs, faculty shortages become more serious in those career-related jobs.
In addition to problems caused by faculty shortages, programs in social welfare and occupational therapy are experiencing losses of federal
Occupational therapy will lose funds and positions that the University will have to make up for, Gorjana will need to learn to take from programs that have lagsign enrollment and will have to be given to areas such as occupational therapy, in which there is an interest in developing jobs who want to enter the program.
There is an additional problem with the loss of federal funds in the School of Social Welfare. The school has over 300 minority students, a racial minority students, Black says.
In the near future, no federal aid will be available for these students. But we know that soon only students who can afford to go to college without federal financial assistance will be working in the social welfare program.
Gorton says that those who can't gain admission to their field on the first application might change their life, or they won't actually. Others, he says, might enroll at another university—not only to get a degree, but to be admitted in the field they want.
Administrators at KU say the shift to career-related studies probably won't subside in the near future. The job areas that are attractive today are asking for college graduates with degrees in those areas.
"More and more students are concerned with establishing careers and making money." Suricks says. "And there are other popular fields are very well-paid."
Shifts of student interest are common at many other universities across the nation, and they face problems similar to those confronting KU. But most administrators agree that a realocation of funds is needed to keep the problems at KU until a better answer to the problem is found.
But Kissinger promised to stand by the allies despite the disagreements and proposed the development of a unified energy program to tackle an oil shortage he said would have developed even without the October war.
He defended U.S. support or Israel during the Middle East war, telling the North Atlantic Treaty Organization council that Israel had "no interest" in European's interest as the United States.
THE SPEECH WAS KISSNER's first to the council, which is holding a two-day year-end meeting. It was paraphrased for newsmen by U.S. officials who said the secretary emphasized that the alliance cornerstone of American foreign policy
At one point, Foreign Minister Michel Jobert of France and Kissinger had a sharp exchange over the issue of consultation. Jobbert said Europe should have been advised before President Nixon and Soviet Communist party leader Leonid Brehnev worked out their declaration last June on the prevention of nuclear war.
Kissinger attempted in his speech, however, to heal the wounds that deepened when most of the allies separated them and they lost their stance during the war and its aftermath.
act in union as well as with other countries if peace is threatened.
First, Kissinger listed a growing Soviet military force which he said was the primary reason for the search for detente. He also said upheaval in developing nations and a number of economic problems have an emergency than differences across the Atlantic.
INFORMED DIPLOMATES reported that Kissinger disawarded any intention to keep Britain and France out of the Middle East peacemaking process. But they also said he told the NATO ministers both inside and outside Europe that French representatives would complicate the peace talks due to begin in Geneva Dec. 18.
He said differences between the United States and Europe paled in comparison with earlier years.
Syria until it turns over POW list.
Israeli Defense Minister Moshe Dayan told the Israeli parliament that the refusal to deal with Syria at the Dec. 18. Genesea peace negotiations was a
Israel says Syria has refused to over turn names of the 102 Israeli POWs believed in Syria, and the International Red Cross has confirmed their existence.
An Israeli refusal to negotiate with Syria would be a serious blow to chances for the success of the negotiations.
congressional tax experts received the first documents of Nixon's tax returns.
The material Nixon released in disclosing his tax affairs confirmed that he paid about $80,000 in federal income taxes over the past four years and no state income taxes. He asked the Joint Committee on Internal Revenue Taxation to review the returns.
Gas retailers want Phase 4 controls lifted so prices can rise $^{1^{\circ}}$ to $^{3^{\circ}}$ a gallon.
"We are fighting for our survival," said Charles Binsted, president of the National Congress of Petroleum Retailers during a convention. He made his comment at the same time an industry publication told of rising gasoline prices.
KU 'Preachers'
Put Faith
In Bible
See Story Page 3
sday, December 11, 1973
Nixon Tapesutor Disclosed
inspirator E. Howard Hunt and also it said would be no problem million to buy the silence of the sea Watergate defendants.
ified that the March 22 meeting of watering of Gatergate and the tergate committee hearings open seven weeks later.
old newsman Monday that
perts were taking a second look
of a June 20, 1972, conversation
e. President and then-White
of staff H. R. Haldean in an
stermin what caused an 'AB
past two weeks, Siric heard
what might have caused the
une 20 tape which was one of
nued.
into evidence at the court a letter Jaworski wrote Nov. Fred Bushard, White House
CINICAL EXPERTS had tape at a laboratory in New nd returned it to the judge a during the weekend they asked , Sirica said, adding he hopes to port by the end of the week.
π, Jaworski asked for the June
The request for an injunction was made by Chester Davis, attorney for Summa Corp., a company controlled by billionaire Howard R. Hughes. The Senate committee has been taking testimony in closed sessions about a $100,000 cash contribution from Hughes to Charles G. "Bebe" Tebzoo, the President's close friend.
Rebozo and the President have said the money, held in a Florida bank for nearly three years, later was returned.
Tapes of telephone conversations on those two days between the President and Colonel Blair.
Dean has testified that a plan to offer executive clemency to Hunt was discussed during those two days. In a related development yesterday, a federal judge sentenced the Senate Watergate committee from questioning witnesses in closed sessions.
HE ALSO ASKED for the tape of a meeting between 5:16 p.m. and 5:50 p.m. on June 4 between the President and Charles Nelson, then White House special counsel
4 and tapes. He requested the tape of a meeting between 3:05 p.m. and 4:30 p.m. on June 3 involving the President, Halerman the lieutenant clerkman, then his domestic affairs adviser.
By SUZI SMITH
Kenneth Stuff Reporting
aid he couldn't say how much increase might be adjusted jeewed the budget.
aid that he was still "balancing
is against his demands." There
try choices that have to be made
and learning, he said.
-Gov. Robert Docking last there would be "some adnade in the 5 per cent salary faculty at state schools that mended at the state budget it month.
Kansas State University, said, day, Wichita school and student int of KU, called current faculty KU a "moralde depressant," it representatives also stressed approval by the legislature of a
1 of Regents had requested a 10 increase for faculty of the # Kansas. James Bibb, budget director of her law firm, ncr. cent instead.
net here last night with student minor class presidents from the leases and universities.
ze that the money has limits.
one priority has to be faculty
Joe Known, student body
cking to Adjust cultty Pay Increase
student representatives agreed salary increases were the top heir schools.
$770,000 allocation to cover tuition fee waivers at the state schools. The program would give KU and KState each $190,000, and each $50,000, and each of the three colleges $99,000.
Seventy-five per cent of the funds would be used to pay athletic scholarships, and the remaining funds would go to music, debate and journalism noeps.
Victor Miller, student body president at Kansas State Teachers College at Emporia, and Jeffrey O'Connor, a prominent to the colleges than to the universities. He said the colleges were being hit harder by decreasing enrollments and were finding it increasingly difficult to fund their colleges.
He said that the only way to avoid dropping minor sports and to face the coming enrollment crisis at the colleges would be through the waiver program.
Buckley said that he and Pat Neumust, Salina senior and senior class president, mentioned specifically to Docking faculty members who are nurses and women's intercollegiate athletics.
"The desire for these programs was clearly made," Burckley said. "Now it lies in the fact that we don't have
Neustrom said he thought Docking was very receptive to the student representative.
"I really don't know how much consequence this dinner is going to have on his life."
age and price controls were lifted from industry but increases limited.
Cost of Living Council said it extracted a commitment from Ford Co. and General Motors Corp. to limit price increases for the older of the 1974 model year to an average of no more than $150 a mile, compared with American Motors for an average of no more than $100.
sir Corp . the council said, declined to make similar commitments,
council decided to exempt it from controls.
apartment of Labor filed suit against milk producers alleging unfair labor practices.
A spokesman for the Associated Mil Producers, Inc. had no immediate comment on the suit alleging that it violated the Fair Labor Standards Act.
The Labor Department petition asserts that the association hasn't been paying overtime compensation to workers who have worked more than 40 hours weekly at branch plants in Rusk and Sulphur Springs, Tex., and Laurel, Neb.
Gov't, environmental group considering
state bans Adaka pipeline with propane
the government and the therma Club assert that the Alaska pipeline would
give the community a chance to live.
At least one suit could seek to halt pipeline construction, scheduled to begin within weeks. Complaints to the line, which will tap the rich oil fields of Texas, can be sent to the company.
Nixon formally submitted to the Senate
Saxxon's nomination
Nixon picked Sen. William E. Saxbe, R-Ohio, to be attorney general more than a month ago, and he unable to make the nomination because the attorney general's salary had raised to $60,000 a year from $35,000 while Saxbe was serving in the Senate.
That constitutional obstacle was removed when Nixon signed into law a hill reducing the attorney general's salary to its previous level.