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Wednesday, October 24,1973
University Daily Kansan
Editorials, columns and letters published on this page reflect only the opinions of the writers.
Peacemakers' Arena
Are the Nobel Prize and the United Nations to be the final casualties of Vietnam and the Mideast? Some would contend that both institutions are already moribund.
The naming of Henry Kissinger and Le Duc Tho was enough to convince some of the more cynical newswatchers that the Nobel award should be relegated to the land of Orwell.
Certainly for many others, the continued fighting in Southeast Asia and the persistent conflict in the Middle East cast a pail over both the significance of the Nobel Prize and efficacy of the United Nations.
But in the early hours of U.N. Day in Lawrence, both the Nobel award to Kissinger and the United Nations' function as a public peacemaking arena appear to merit favorable mention.
Kissinger's role in the U.S.-Soviet proposed U.N. resolution for Mideast ceasefire can't be addressed simply as a set of a bureaucratic functionary.
the secretary of state may not be a universally acclaimed luminary and he may not deserve
such acclamation. But he is not a cipher—he is a proven, able diplomat.
In today's parlance, that is to say that Kissinger himself is skilled in the arts of summit diplomacy, the only level at which the superpowers realistically appear willing to deal.
Yet even Kissinger's demonstrated abilities couldn't, by themselves, have led directly to the U.S.-Soviet resolution that appears to offer some genuine hope for a Mideast ceasefire.
Nor could the United States and the Soviet Union, even had they been in such concordance that their arms shipments to their client states would have been cut off, have offered a direct end to the war short of their own armed intervention.
The efforts of a Kissinger and the real intentions of the superpowers (whether for better or worse) would be for naught without an arena where they could be played out to agreed-upon ends.
And the arena for that performance remains the United Nations.
-C.C. Caldwell
Why Celebrate U.N. Day In Lawrence?
Today marks the 28th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations in San Francisco in 1945. It has grown from 51 original members to 135 with the admission of West Germany and East Germany in September.
The General Assembly has developed into an international forum providing the opportunity for face-to-face dialogue, the advantage of interpersonal exchange and the challenge of outspoken criticism and world visibility.
These member nations have subscribed to the Charter of the United Nations, which expresses human values whose fulfilment is still worthy of our best efforts: "to save lives and protect our environment and to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom."
The Security Council demonstrated that it could act in behalf of the first value by calling a meeting at 4 a.m. Oct. 22 in New York and voting for a cease-fire during a crisis of peacekeeping by the United Nations is in need of greater support and development.
How long will it take for men to use peaceful negotiations to settle disputes? Can men who are willing to die for what they believe to be right learn to live and work out a compromise solution? Can the mind rule the emotions in political strife?
Through its many agencies the United Nations has made significant gains in developing resources that promote social and environmental change, an environmental field, the United Nations held an international conference in Stockholm and published the recommendations of experts. Another meeting took place in energy crisis and the disposal of thermal wastes.
The United Nations has set up 110 especially equipped ground stations to monitor the earth's atmosphere. It will soon have an ear watch monitoring program to check on current and changing conditions in the environment.
Specialists from the United Nations have discovered $12 billion worth of mineral resources in various parts of the world and a vast store of water beneath the Sahara.
International agreements have been made to promote safety in travel by air and sea. Procedures were developed to reduce acts of terrorist violence on the children who have been clothed, clothed and sheltered; the teachers, nurses and doctors who have trained local workers in underdeveloped and developing countries; the World Health Organization which has virtually eliminated smallpox and an epidemic against it in developing countries.
Agricultural experts from many countries have helped people raise products
appropriate for local conditions and improve dietary resources. Economists and engineers have worked with local groups to build resources and get products to market.
The United Nations and its international funding agencies have learned that development projects are most successful when they are selected by the country, not the country, must guarantee local supervision and payment of a percentage of the cost. All requests are evaluated by an international committee and the amount of support is determined by the national contributing members and the number of projects needing support.
The per capita cost of the 1974 U.N. regular budget for the United States is about 25 cents. The additional cost of specialized agencies, voluntary peacekeeping programs and special humanitarian programs we probably require $30,000 (about $6.3 million) in April, 1973, bringing the individual cost to about $2.60. Where else can so much be accomplished for so little? Can't we afford to do more than that?
U. N. Day, then, becomes a time when we can consider what we have done so far and needs to be done in the year ahead. The United Nations Association, a nonpartisan citizens' group working to advance peace, freedom and justice, gathers information from many sources on the press, public broadcasts, films and personal appearances of observers who share their knowledge with other citizens.
Citizens who are not aware of what is going on or who remain silent miss an opportunity to influence the degree of attention required in many decisions demanding their attention.
This week the Douglas County Chapter and the KU Branch of the U.N. Association of the United States has had the cooperation of churches, public schools, 4-H leaders, the University businessmen in publicizing information about the United Nations and U.N. Day.
Students and adults are invited to hear John Waterbury, member of the American Universities Field Staff in East and Egypt for the Arab-Iraq conflict. In Rome, speak on the Arab-Iraq conflict.
Neal Malicky, acting president of Baker University and author of "To Keep the Peace," a book on the United Nations, will speak as a U.N. observer.
A question and answer period moderated by Berard Ketzel, professor of political science at the University of Chicago.
The Lawrence High School Chorale will open the program at 7:30 p.m. in the Big Eight Room of the Kansas Union. There is no charge.
Lawrence Chairman, UN Day
—Elin Stene
Peron Brings Hope to Argentina
By JAMES NELSON
The London Chronicle
BUENOS AIRES-Gen. Juan Domingo Peron's long march back to power in Argentina, which culminated with his swearing in as president for the third time, brings to an end one of the most astonishing adventures in modern politics.
End Sought to 18-Year Stagnation
For Argentine it also opens a new chapter of hope that the quarrels of the past have been resolved and that the moderately conservative consensus that has coalesced around Peron will provide the basis for an era of peace and progress.
Peron was hounded out of Argentina in 1955 amid considerable popular rejoicing. He left the economy bankrupt. His allies were determined never to let him return.
Since returning home on June 20, a day in which his right-wing supporters carried out a bloody massacre of left-wingers, Peron leader Andres Forzando and public appearance he preached moderation and denounced violence. On Sept. 24, before the last of the votes had been counted, the Peronist government outlawed the most violent partisans and Execluctor Revolutionario del Peulo (ERP).
This "People's a Revolutionary Army" has refused to lay down its arms and threatened to retaliate against it.
Ever since then he has provided an excuse for all the country's setbacks. The Peronists insisted: "Peron is the only solution." Their foes replied: "The Peronists are the cause of all our trouble." For 18 years this feud obsessed Argentines and led them to put off tackling the problems confronting them.
PERON, WHO WON 60 per cent of the votes in the Sept. 23 presidential elections, is admirably positioned to get a second win after over two decades of stagnation.
Peron does not want trouble with his neighbor. Argentina was one of the first countries to recognize the new Chilean regime. The move against the ERP indicated that Peron was not going to let Argentina become a refuge for Latin American guerrillas driven from their training camps on the other side of the continent.
junta in Chile by sending men to join the resistance movement there.
IN HIS BATTLE to regain power Peron was successful in being all things to all men. The large and enthusiastic left wing of the Peronist movement still thinks of him as a man who will never be defeated. Argentina society after a violent revolution and build the country into a stronghold of anti-Americanism. Peron has appeased them somewhat by beating the anti-Christian generals, but he is careful not to make any moves that would really worry the United States.
Right-wing Peronists, for the most part trade union leaders and prosperous businessmen, have a less complicated view of his mission. They want him to crush the left and increase their own power and wealth. During the first Peronist administrations, many of his regarded American occupiers country were killed or lost at will. Despite the rhetorical equalitarianism of the government, some enormous fortunes were made.
Peron has made it clear math readiness
lies with the right, where most of the faith-
ful friends who followed him in education
last 18 years brought him to France. In
Spain, in France's Spain, he had plenty of time to meditate on his own errors
and observe the course of European history.
He derived great personal satisfaction from the decline in Britain's fortunes, as Britain still dominated Argentina when he first came to power in 1946. The moral he drew from it was that smaller countries group together in continental federations.
United States.
The Peron who returned to Argentina for a short while last November and definitively in June has impressed all observers as a very different man from the panic-striken cauldron who fled the country with the aim of building up safely with the years, acquiring a longer and broader vision and a greater, but still limited, tolerance of opposition.
THE NEW MODERATE PERON impressed the middle classes, who now see the need for a more stable. His condemnation of guerrilla violence has won him the support of the armed forces, essential if he is to govern without being haunted by fears of a military assault.
Peron has a Herculean task before him.
The expectations aroused by his return to
Britain have been met.
Peron, moreover, has been intelligent enough to realize finally that the country's farms must be brought into the last quarter of the 20th century. This, for the architecturalist, represents a major abatement of the exploitation and the chagin of many of his supporters, that Argentina really does need foreign investment, and on a massive scale.
economic renaissance will satisfy them. This might take place. Industry is nearing the point when it can support itself without subsidies from agriculture.
Peron's main enemies now are his own lack of administrative ability, the mediocrity of many of his closest aides and his own advanced age. He is nearly 78, is frequently ill and has lost the exuberant energy of his youth.
Should he be incapacitated, his wife and vice-president, Isabel, a former cabaret dancer, will automatically take over. But she is politically illiterate and was only chosen to avoid splitting the movement by her peers. The most obvious heir, and the Peronist movement has yet to evolve the machinery to select a new leader acceptable to all.
Students Beat Military Rule Thailand's Deposed Scattered
Agence France-Presse
BANGKOK - Student power appears to have beaten back 22 years of military rule
As Bangkok returned to normal, with the army reportedly backing the new civilian Prime Minister Sanya Thammasakdi and his cabinet, the two strongmen of the regime that was toppled on Oct. 14 were out of the country.
The whereabouts of the former prime minister and supreme commander of the Riitukachern, remained shrouded in mystery 24 hours after he had fled the country as both Tokyo and Hong Kong categorized that he had passed away.
But former strongman No. 2, Field Marshal Primpass Chaursathis, surfaced in Taipei, accompanied by Col. Narong Kittikachon, the son of the missing former prime minister, and members of their respective families.
A NATIONAL CHINESE foreign ministry spokesman would only say they were in Taiwan "for a short stay on transit" to an undisclosed destination.
meanwhile, Prime Minister Sanya appointed a 15-member cabinet. Three of the ministers including himself are university rectors, a fact regarded as symbolic of the victory achieved by both students and teachers over the army.
Two cabinet members, to be close associates of the king, were drawn from the group.
-Readers Respond
To the Editor:
Mideast Nothing Like Bangladesh
If I approve of Eric Meyer's "Stay On, America" editorial (Oct. 18, Kanusa) on the Midest situation, that is simply because I believe in the sanctity of human life, Arab and Israeli alike. Not because of his dubious reasoning ("There are little if no American stakes in the war") or because, as a Moaem, I would like to see Israel castrated.
Nobody has the right to take away from a people its places of religious pilgrimage. Nor should we watch the strong destroy the weak and turn callously away.
But morality and conscience have never and anything to do with President Nixon's political expertise. What was politically expedient—not for America, but for Nixon—in this, the world's worst case?
The only restraint the United States showed was when it failed to twist Pakistan's arm to stop what a high U.S. official called "the most incredible, calculated thing since the days of the Nazis" encountered in the international press as a major source of the slaughter of an unarmed by an army using sophisticated U.S. arms.
Where in the Mideast are university professors, students and civilians being mown down by machine-guns? Where are women being brutally raped and then being bayoneted between the legs or watching their babies thrown into the air
Meyer refers repeatedly to the Bangladesh situation in 1971 and praises the "remarkable restraint" of the United States in "avoiding involvement."
and being impaled on bayonets as they fall?
And not only did Nixon ignore world opinion and the advice of his own men in the region by not making the Pakistani generals cease the bloodbath, but he actually supplied arms to Pakistan during this war despite strong protests from Congress.
There are armies fighting armies, arms against armies in the Mideast. Bangladesh
bv Sokoloff
Then, when it was certain that the Bengali freedom-fighters were about to use the Indian army to attain their objective in Bangladesh, Nixon rushed the 7th Fleet into the Bay of Bengal, much at the glee of the general's. So much for "restraint."
As for morality, the guilt for criminal inaction on Bangladesh is on Nixon alone. The people of Bangladesh are slowly eroding the island's democracy, a people of the U.S., who aided and abetted the laying waste of their land. Some are still waiting, in their simple way, for retribution of some kind. A token of some kind from a U.S. official may be placed Up There. They may have to wait long.
Conscience and morality may have been hibernating in this country, but they are surely not. And what we know is round the corner and what the next few weeks will bring?
Griff and the Unicorn
"Dick and Ted went up The Hill;
One built a Gate of Water.
Tell fell down and broke his crown:
Will Dick come tumbling after?^2
Zahid Iqbal
Dacca, Bangladesh
Graduate Student
To the Editor.
The Curriculum and Instruction Survey is, to my knowledge, the only University instrument for obtaining student valuation of the courses they take. It is a pioneering effort in the state of Kansas and is unique in form and scope.
Feedback Feedback
It is quite 'easy' to find fault with the survey, but that should be regarded as an opportunity to improve the means of effectiveness or the willingness of a course is well known.
If no student volunteers, I appeal to my colleagues to administer the survey. Even if your class is small, your data, added to all the other data provide statistical significance for planned educational studies.
I ask you, the student, to volunteer to administer the survey in at least one of your courses. All you need to do is pick up the answer sheet and go to Hall and have them to your teacher.
Howard W. Smith Associate Professor Aerospace Engineering
I plan to use my departmental survey questionnaire in addition to "Feedback back" techniques.
The materials can be obtained November 5th and it is suggested that the survey be administered as soon thereafter as possible. You should let the teacher know your plans.
"Feedback" is an attempt to define the criteria for learning measurements and
ultimately the improvement of instruction,
the ability to see circumstances that favor the lecture or presentation.
If there is a way to educate a person for a research job that differs from the education a practitioner should receive, why not study those reasons?
Pen Pals Needed
To the Editor:
I am a teacher of a high school in Seoul, Korea.
My pupils are very eager to find pen friends in your country. I am writing to you often to get acquainted with touch with the youth in your country. They would like to exchange information about student life and various topics in everyday life and to discuss current international issues.
I think this kind of direct communication between friends of about the same age will help both to learn about the other's country. It will also help my students to praise their English and I think they might have mapped items in their hobby collections.
I am one of the English teachers at a school which has around 3,000 pupils. The pupils here have five English classes a week.
I am sure they will be faithful friends and care
to any young friends who
be to theirs.
Mun-Hwan Chung
I. P. O. Box 3834
Seoul, Korea
A
Bile the sea that orgae politi
Three other ministers (finance, commerce and industry) are technocrats.
The navy and the air force, suspected of having been in sympathy with the opposition by the former army led regime, will take an active part in government. Air Chief Marshal Mavee Chullassapaya has been appointed defense minister, while Rear Admiral Chalee Sinthusopen becomes minister of communications.
THE STAND TAKEN by Gen. Kris prevented the latest crisis from becoming even bloodier than it was, the Bangkok World Evening Daily reported. He was said to have had a row with Col. Narong Kittikachorn, who supposedly urged him to leave Thailand and seek the supreme e command headquarters. But the several e command move to infront.
The new commander in chief of the army, Gen. Kris Srivara, chose not to be represented in the cabinet, but he gave his full support to the new prime minister and the early promulgation of a constitution and general elections within six months.
The aura surrounding Democracy Square—the scene of violence and blooded on the 14th—was back to normal on the 16th, as teams of youths were cleaning up the place, dubbed Bangkok's Battlefield. The confusion, fear and isolated incidents of death, subsiding as the new regime was gaining the confidence of both the public and students.
The exact death toll has not yet been established, initial estimates put it as seted.
Damage caused by the two days' citywid riots has been roughly estimated at 1 billion bait, or $50 million. The heaviest "loss" was the destruction of the metropolitan police headquarters, which housed a great many police and court records.
Ovservers said King Phumiphi, who had ostensibly held himself apart from the former regime, has greatly gained in influence and moral authority throughout the turmoil.
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