4 Thursday, October 18, 1973 University Daily Kansan KANSAN commer Editorials, columns and letters published on this page reflect only the opinions of the writers. Stay Out, America When American involvement in the Vietnam War ended early this year, proponents and opponents agreed America had learned a lesson. There would be no further U.S. involvement in foreign wars. But less than a year later, America is becoming increasingly involved in yet another foreign war—the Arab-Israeli war. The U.S. State Department, for example, announced Monday that the United States was resupplying Israel with military equipment in response to massive Soviet airlifts to Egypt and Syria. to Egypt. Why, after the agonizing years in Vietnam, is America becoming involved in another bitter war? One reason is that Jews are a strong political force in America. Another is that America has long had the mistaken notion that whatever a Communist nation does, whichever side a Communist nation supports, whatever plan a Communist nation attacks, the United States must take a diametrically opposite stance. This misguided notion of patriotism has led America into wars in which there were no compelling moral issues. It has forced a dangerous rift between the world's major powers. It has made peaceful coexistence an almost impossible dream. In the recent Indian-Pakistani war over Bangladesh, America showed remarkable restraint in avoiding involvement. The United States was war-weary and reluctant to fight. But after half a year of peace, America is eager for war again. It wants to protect its honor. It wants to maintain its internal pressure groups. Just as America should not intervene in Bangladesh, it should not intervene in the Middle East. There are little if no American stakes in the war. U.S. involvement would only be an extension of the "international policeman" image, which was supposedly abandoned years ago with the issuance of President Nixon's Guam Doctrine. And the case for "policeman" involvement in Bangladesh was much stronger than the one in the Middle East. In India, the British were fighting to regain territory illegally occupied by Israel since 1967. And what about the Palestinians, who were forced by international decree to leave their homes in 1947 and stay for the immigration Israelis? Indeed, America can look to Israel as a progressive, Western nation an ideological ally. But that kind of reasoning could best be termed "international discrimination." against the Arabs, a darker and less progressive people. Instead of being an international police force, America seems to be playing cops and robbers with the Russians, who are the best bet for this. America is wrong and America must stop them, so say the rules of the game. It's time for America to stop playing juvenile games, to grow up and become a mature nation in the international community. We need to be the secretary of state, to fulfill the strict standards implied by his Nobel peace prize. America should try to stop the battle, but it shouldn't get involved favorites. -Eric Meyer The Washington Post By GEORGE C. WILSON Electronic War Raging in Mid-East WASHINGTON—The dark art of electronic warfare—so secret that little is written about it—will help decide who wins this latest arabisil war. AND HOW THIS PART of the war comes out will provide a fresh measure of the relative merits of Russian and American weapons—a crucial measurement in this age when each super-power is hostage to the other's military might. The war communiques from both Cairo and Tel Aviv do tell that Egypt's missiles are pitted against Israel's planes in the battle for the Sinai Desert, with losses of Israel's "flying artillery" of utmost concern to Tel Aviv. But the communiques cannot describe the grim but silent struggle as technocrats on both sides try to give their fighting men the upper hand with modern weapons that can mean the difference between victory and defeat. Egypt is counting on its Soviet-made anti-aircraft missiles—the SA 2-Guide, SA 3-Goa and SA 6-Gainful—to offset Israel's American-made F-4 and A-4 fighter bombs as well as some French-supplied aircraft. Israel is counting on tactics and electronics to keep Egypt's missilemen from knocking down too many of its planes so it could fly more than a million. It relies primarily on firepower from the air. The SA-2 for high altitude shooting and the SA-3 for low altitude have been around for so long that Israel has armed itself with electronic counter measures (ECM) to foil them, as did the United States when it came up against the SA-2 in Vietnam. Starting with the fundamentals of electronic warfare, the “eyes” of today’s modern missiles are radar—short for radio waves. In a conventional acquisition radar, goes on a long way to search for an invading aircraft and acquire it in the form of a bip on a radar scope. Another type tracks the plane and a third, the fire control radar, guides the missile. BUT THE SA-6 is a newer anti-aircraft missile, although Russia paraded it as far back as the May Day parade of Nov. 7, 1967. So the most challenging part of Israel's ECM battle is foiling the SA-6, an improved version of the low altitude SA-3. TWO BASIC TECHNIQUES for fouling up used radars are to fuzz up the gunners in the battlefield. We loved Mamie Boyb here at KU-“we’being the people in the School of journalism. We knew she was KState, all 4 feet 10 of her, but that didn’t bother you. You’d have to be a pretty visceral hater of KState to make Mamie Boyb. You couldn't even dislike Mamie Boyd. All you could do was feel good whenever she came walking into the room. She was always kind, and hard to think of her as being young because we all knew her when she was old. We also knew her as a sweet, friendly, outgoing little woman who is known for her nalmism occasions—this famous booster of Kansas State who was widely known for her boosting K-State events, her sitting at K-State games, calmly knitting as she was, and maybe against the big KU Jawhays. We knew her, in part, because she had set up a scholarship for KU journalism students. Again that seemed pretty nice. We had worked with the department at Kansas State, and Mamue You Wanted to Hug Mamie Boyd Some of us who did that first got to know her well when her late husband, William, died in 1960. Newspaper Hall of Fame in 1960, Murie, who was then in her comparatively young 80%, took to writing notes and wrote letters. We came to think of her as a dear friend. Boyd backed it. but she gave the money, and she showed up for Editors' Day, and she showed up for William Allen White Day, and unless you had no heart and no sentiment and no feeling, you wanted to be with her. "I'm in a while once of us did just that." she already belonged to the whole state of Kansas. A few years ago, our William Allen White Foundation gave her the citation as our outstanding Kansas journalist. She stood up there in the Kansas Union, almost hard to see behind the mike, she was so tiny, and told about her career in journalism, about her beloved husband, and about his life. Among the most memorable occasions. More and more she seemed to belong to us, as she already belonged to Kansas State, as We knew all the things about Mamie that appeared in the obituaries this week: a distinguished Kansan, a distinguished newspaper editor, mother of the year. But she was more than that. She was a hardy little gal who was still shooting around in her cur, and still writing her column and producing a book on the subject as soon as reached an age when most of us would be sitting back gassing. She achieved her individuality as a woman without making a big point of it. She was Mamie Alexander Boyd, but she would not have shied at being known as Mrs. Frank Boyd. She was 96 when she died this week. We'll miss Marinie, but she was the best, and she had a wonderful life, and all of us can be proud if we can be anywhere in the world. We need a typewriter to write editorials about us. —Calder M. Pickett Professor of Journalism Middle Class America Is a Myth The Washington Post By WILLIAM RASPBERRY WASHINGTON—Sometimes the most effective writers are those who tell us what we already know but couldn't quite articulate: John C. Raines, for instance, who wrote that middle-class comfort is myths, because middle-class itself is mostly a myth. "THERE IS LESS upward mobility than an expanding gross national product." The increase in the GNP is undeniable, but who benefits from it? In 1949, 1 per cent of the American population owned 21 per cent of the country. Ten years later, a per cent of the population owned 30 per cent of the wealth; in 1969 1 per cent owned 40 per cent. Raines, an assistant professor of religion at Temple University, gets right to the heart of the matter. He wants to have instance, that no matter what the figures show, things aren't getting better for us. There has been upward mobility, alright> at the top, not in the middle. The people who call themselves middle class constitute a sort of voluntary buffer group between those who have nothing and those who have nearly all of it. FROM TIME TO TIME, all of us can see that, in one context or another—as when plantation overloads the crops themselves and their black slaves, or as when Richard Nixon interposed "Middle America" between the rich industrialists who are the backbone of the economy, or when nots who struggle for crumbs. The trick—and it seems to be an astonishingly easy one to perform—is to get the buffer group identifying with the people at the top believing that some may they be at the top, believing that Raines tells you what you already know. BUT HE TELLS IT very clearly. "The class that calls itself 'middle' is in fact up against the wall; it is going nowhere—and so are its kids. If in the course of our working career we move from $5,000 to $15,000 a year, all we get out of it is an ever more staggering share of the common income. We do not get the top so successfully that they increase the distance between themselves and the rest of us by 100 per cent." I recall the glad tidings of Ben Wattenberg and Chammon antoninum that majority of black Americans had middle-class status. They were at a loss to understand why there was so little dancing in their communities. Wage Property Income (1967) (Percentage Relationship) MIDDLE CLASS in the Scammon-Watenberg context referred to family income of around $8,000 a year. But according to Raines, the "takeoff point for 'making it in America' is about $25,000 a year, an income 'already beyond 95 per cent of us (black and white together)." The magic of the table showing percentage relaips between income from wages and income from property at various levels. Annual Income Wage Property $ 0- 5,000 41 14 5,000- 7,500 72 19 5,000- 10,000 84 11 7,500- 10,000 85 11 10,000- 15,000 84 13 15,000- 25,000 78 21 25,000- 50,000 47 51 50,000- 100,000 38 61 more than 100,000 17 82 making it that much easier for the Israelis to steal a missile. ELECTRONIC WARFARE specialists said today that the SA-2 seems to be more maneuverable than the SA-2 or SA-3. This would mean that the operator guiding the missile with radio signals could achieve more accuracy by adjusting its fins in flight. American plots found that the SA-2 was not as effective at sharply and took other sudden maneuvers—a shortcoming of the missile that helped keep plane loss rates down to 2 per cent. So this upwardly mobile, comfortable middle class that is both the heart and the backbone of America turns out to be nothing more than a myth, a lightning rod to siphon social use harmlessly away from the people at the top. the striking shift from wage income to property income at the 25,000-dollar mark: "The reason is obvious: The tax rate on property income averages only 65 per cent of the wage in wage. For example, the rate on capital gains is only 50 per cent on wages. In 1971 the effective tax rate on $3,000 was the same as on $3,000." RA!NES HAS AN EASY explanation for OR AS RAINES PUTTS IT: "The system of inequality, with its twin offspring of fear and envy, flight and emulation, allows the top to stay on top. . ." "No, there isn't much of a middle in America today. There is a top and then beneath the rest of us pounding along on the endless side, wondering why we're always so tired." The fewer planes Israel loses to the SA-6 and other missiles, the fewer replacement aircraft the United States will have to send to Syria. The more American ECM equipment to foll the missiles will be in an early shipment of supplies to Israel, Russia, for its part, will probably send more offsetting equipment to Egypt in hopes of winning the electronic warfare industry. television set—and to make the blip the gunner is tracking appear far from its target. But to perform these and lots of other electronic cat-and-mouse tricks effectively, the invader must know a lot about the radar. It can learn to respond to the security, power level and of the pulse. Israel and the United States do know things about the SA-2 and SA-3 Cairo aircraft. The SA-2 (ELINT) was the mission of the USS Liberty shot up during the six day war of 1967, the USP Ussu captured off Wonsan, the USP Osprey captured off Gurgani, a plane shot down by North Korea in 1985. A standard technique is to tape record these radar signals from anti-aircraft bombs and fire them. They can be stored in laboratory can figure out how to disrupt them. But, to do this, the enemy's tracking system must be used. MODERN NATIONS FOR DECACES have been playing an electronic game of "chicken," such as flying planes into another country's air defense perimeters, to provoke anti-aircraft batteries into turning them into radar so the signals can be recorded. But this game of chicken costs lives. The USS Liberty and the Navy EC-121 were only two of many examples of men killed during the attack. Israel, if the SA6 is敢于 taking a toll on its aircraft as Pentagon, specialists believe, now must collect more ELINT on the SA6 and design ECM against the weapon. Diving down on an A-SA 6-battery to record its firing signals would be highly dangerous, perhaps suicidal, since the missile is shot forward. The most common costly options are using drones–airplanes without pilots—or capturing an A-SA and then operating it to unlock its electronic system. ISRAEL DESES INDEED HAVE DRONES—an adapted version of the Ryan target drone made in the United States. The mission was to deliver the Ryan 124-I. So that possibility is in reach. Since the Egyptians apparently have taken the SA-6 with them across the Suez Canal on tracked vehicles, Israeli forces are also working long. The SA-2 and SA-3 are also mobile. ANOTHER FRONT in this grim but little noted war is around the Golan Heights where informed sources said Syria is using the Soviet-made SA-7 Strella—a missile that can attack an airplane or helicopter of airplane engine after being fired bazooka style by an infantryman. The vehicles carrying the anti-aircraft missiles may find it hard going in the sands of the Sinai and may stick to one of the three roads near the Egyptian landing site— Equal Protection Whine Is Bunk Agnew's Trial by Publicity Was Only Kind Possible AS THE MECARTHYTIES told it, the Commiense manmeet was too grave a danger By PATRICK OWENS NEW YORK—It's time, toks, to oer a kind word for "Trial by Publicity." I'm not talking about those trials in which a 19-year-old kid is hauled on in rape charges, fingered by the district attorney and designated Gunpowder Mike or The Bowles Man by the newspapers. I not talk about them with anyone, I not claim they've extracted full confessions. I say bunk. In the Agnew case and the Watergate cases, American jurisprudence had been used to excuse McCarthytes (not excluding Nixon) used to cause had fallen upon the land. This was the moment when the traditional American justice system no longer could be permitted to run. This sort of thing precludes the public, including potential jurors, against people who are likely to be a threat. But when Spiro Agnew or Richard Nixon's "surrogates" commenced to complain that the Vice President and President were going to jail, he said to laura foot right into the brake drum. Chances are fair that trial by publicity is the only trial either one of them will ever win. IT'S A SUCHER BET than Secretariat that neither would have stood any prospect of a trial at all if the press, in contravention of the solemn covenants its more sollen factum have been making these past years with the lawyers, had not bowled and accepted that as such—as lawyers like to say—of the concept of the unprejudiced judge and jury. The civil-liberties types (whom, most of the time, I tink of myself as agreeing with) the Court should not come from the justice department in the Agnew case, prior to Agnew's resignation. Their primary contention was that Sprog Agnew, a lawyer who entitled to equal protection under the laws. But more engrossing still is the circumstance that men in the highest levels of government should now be whining for protections against public opinion that they themselves have historically scorned and denigrated. ONE OF THE MOST engrossing facts that has come out of the Watergate investigation is that a small group of stuff same stuff that had made Richard Nixon a national figure and then vice president, powered the Watergate conspirators who operated out of Nixon's White House and his office. A Supreme Court dominated by appointees of Richard Nixon sanctioned so-called "Fifth Amendment" that represents the gravest impairment of the Bill of Rights in almost two centuries. It is high irony that the Senate's powers of use immunity should be the Nixon men. Griff and the Unicorn BUT THIS IS IRONY, not justice, and a digression from the point I'm trying to make. That point is that men like Nixon and Mitchell and Agnew and Ehrlichman do not have the same claim to tender respect for their rights as do common felons. It was in the spirit of this calculation that New York passed a law in the 1950s which restricted religious leaders to Communists, in which Alger Hiss was hounded into prison on suspect evidence and in which singer Paul Robeson, for one example, was denied access to American hospitals. These men control—or sit very close to those who control—the machinery of justice. To cloak them additionally in the same safeguards as men without comparable power would be to forfeit any hope of ever brining them to justice. That is why I have slight sympathy for Prof. Theodore Lowe of Cornell, who has written about the history of the U.S. to permit respect for the rights of individuals, or the avoidance of guilt by association, or a trial untainted by prior exposure of agents of the Red menace. bv Sokoloff page): "Fifty years ago Walter Lippmann spoke of 'that legalized atrocity, the congressional investigation, in which congressmen starved of their legitimate food for thought, go on a wild and feverish manhunt and do not stop at cannibalism.' "IN THE WATERGATE hearings) we have tolerated McCarthy tactics day after day, allowing all that drivel about the truth to the people to go unchallenged. We trust in truth that will reach the people out of all this is that bad guys don't have rights." It's possible that Judge Sirica would, unaided, have brought the Watergate affair fully to light. It's possible that that grand jury in Baltimore would have done its duty without any help from the press. But I am skeptical. Pending confirmation, we may rejoice that the press and the Congress haven't been hornwagged into discretion concerning men who would, had their rights received the fullest protections, have been left to judge themselves. THE UNIVERSITY DAILY KANSAN An All-American college newspaper Kansas Telephone Numbers Lawrence--UN 40-110 Missouri--IN 752-397-8261 Published at the University of Kansas daily during campus vacations, care exempt holidays and additions. Missions. $10 per session, a semester, $10 a year. Second class postpaid package offered. Admission required. $1.25 a semester paid in student activity fee. Advertised offered to all students without regard to grade level. Admission is not necessary as prizes are not necessarily those of the University. NEWS STAFF News adviser . Susanne Shaw Editor Bob Simpson Associate Editor Annie McNeil Campus Editor Chuck Potter Editorial Editor C. C. 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