Wednesday, October 17, 1973
University Daily Kansan
daily and $6 paid
pension fee,
ment guard ex-
ver-
5
Grange to Celebrate 100th Birthday Here
By CRAIG STOCK
Kansas Staff Reporter
More than 3,000 people are expected to attend the centennial convention of the Kansas Grange Oct. 18 to 24 in Lawrence,Grande officials have announced.
A five-mile-long parade Saturday is expected to highlight the celebration, Jeanne Steffey, convention organizer, said recently.
The Grange, officially known as the Order of the Patrons of Hausbandry, was founded nationally in 1867 in Washington, D.C. The organization was dedicated to the alleviation of rural isolation, apathy and ignorance.
The Kansas Grange was organized in 1873. In the 1870s, the Grange led a rural uprising called the Grange movement, and it helped to organize a ket by the railroads and grain elevators.
RITA NAPIER, ASSISTANT professor of history, said the Grange formed cooperatives to increase its bargaining power with railroads and grain elevators. The cooperatives enabled farmers to reduce sales and raise prices for farm products.
Napier said that Grange members helped enact laws providing for state regulation of railroad and elevator charges and that the Granger movement was a protest of the economic power of the capitalist and the capitalist's ability to manipulate prices.
To achieve the regulatory laws, the Grange joined other farm groups in third-party movements and in support of Granger candidates. The Grangers' political activity led some politicans to support the regulatory legislation.
After the enactment of the laws, the Grange brought lawsuits to enforce the laws. The legal action resulted in the Supreme Court decision of Munn v. Illinois in 1887, the first to uphold the right of government to regulate commerce.
GRANGE MEMBERSHIP declined from a peak of 85,000 in 1787 to 107,000 in 1889. Disapproval of the society's secret rituals, a general feeling of complacency and disillusionment with politics have been contested for the Grange's decline during that period.
Some religious groups criticized the Grange for its secret rituals. In 1875 a Christian publishing company published an account of the grange's activities as one of the great monocopses of the age.
Another cause of membership decline
was the problem of dishonest politicians and businessmen using the Grange for personal, political or economic gain. Also part of the problem was the failure of the movement's third parties.
DESPITE THE DROP in membership, the Grange remained active as a voice for farmers, supporting the Interstate Commerce Act and the Sherman Antitrust Act.
The Grange also worked for improved public education, a graduated income tax, direct election of U.S. senators and direct election of U.S. House members for the political action they supported.
Since 1900, Grange membership has increased steadily and in 1707 membership reached 850,000, according to Steffey. The increase in membership has been attributed to more active recruiting by the Grange, increases in the number of social activities offered, and increases in the membership qualifications to allow city dwellers to join the Grance.
The Grange has also worked for tree ruth, postal delivery and for the establishment of a branch office.
the Rural Electrification Administration.
STEFFENY SAID The Orange had suffered from its image and organization for senior citizens and was trying to increase the number of young people in the organization.
The Grange has been a conservative voice in rural issues in past decades, she said, but the group's leadership has changed.
"We are moving forward, and to move forward you have to change" she said.
She said the youngest member of the Douglas County Grange when she came to it was 65 years old, but that only half of the members are over 65 now.
Educational and social activities are still important to the Grange, she said. The Grange conducts seminars for farmers and has supported county agriculture extension
THE GRANGE HAS an auxiliary Junior Grange for those under 14 years of age. The Junior Grange sponsors handicraft, essay and public speaking competition. Junior granges also provide agricultural education for their members. Steffey said.
Lobbyists for the Grange have recently worked for the passage of the Agricultural Adjustment Act, which is designed to increase the farmers receive for their crops, she said.
The Grange is also working for the equalization of taxation for school financing. Steffey said the Grange was an active organization in education and environmental legislation.
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