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Gorbachev tests new powers The Associated Press Businesses ordered to fill contracts for raw materials, goods MOSCOW — President Mikhail Gorbachev began using his sweeping new powers to rescue the collapsing Soviet economy yesterday, ordering business to fulfill supply contracts and government to ensure distribution. But it was far from clear that people would comply with his order. Many are uncertain how they will fit in the market economy Gorbachev is trying to establish and they find it more profitable to trade goods on the black market, rather than distribute them in the established structure. A Western specialist called the order "a waste of time." In his first decree since the Soviet Supreme on Monday granted him new powers to shore up the economy and maintain law and order, Gorbachev told government businesses to preserve economic ties regardless of the businesses' administrative subordination and location. He said the businesses should meet all contract obligations for raw materials and other goods in the last quarter of this year and throughout 1991. It is during that period that the country will be trying to switch from a centrally planned economy to a market economy under a plan the Supreme Soviet is to select after Oct. 15. Gorbachev's decree, read on the nightly TV newscast "Vremya," and released by the Tass news agency, said Wednesday that it quoted at a time when many businesses are trying to bypass Moscow and trade directly with each other. The restive republics, for instance, have signed economic cooperation agreements in a preliminary step toward a common market. That leaves the Moscow ministries — which since the 1920s have issued five-year plans that told thousands of factories, farms and businesses what to produce, where to sell it and how much to charge — out of the picture. In a harkening back to Bofskewl appeals to the proletariat, Gorbalan argues that we must sustain bosses in making sure contracts are kept. He also said the Council of Ministers, the Soviet Cabinet, should if necessary introduce a special board of railways and other all-state life-sustaining systems of the country. Vegetable crop rotting in Soviet fields The Associated Press MOSCOW — A bumper vegetable crop is rotting in the fields as the first fall frost approaches, and Muscovis fearing a hungry winter have joined soldiers and schoolchildren trying to rescue potatoes. Soviet Prime Minister Nikolai Ryzhik admits that, at best, only one-third of the vegetable crop has "If potatoes disappear from the counter, this will be a catastrophe for the pensioners, students and poor people." Komsomskaya Pravda aid. been harvested so far, and Soviet media said yesterday only a fraction of that has made its way to Moscow warehouses and markets. Some people have become so desperate they are stealing potatoes, carrots, pickles and preserves from individually owned vegetable cellars in the villages surrounding Moscow, Soviet media report. The Soviet Union annually loses 20 to 30 percent of its harvest on the way to market. This year's problems have been compounded by bad weather and fuel shortages for farm machinery. Moscow-area farms have been drenched with twice the average rainfall in the first two weeks of September. "Two more weeks of such weather and the whole (potato) crop will perish," said L. Yegan, head of the Moscow regional government department responsible for vegetable and fruit production. Students and soldiers were drafted into the harvest weeks ago, and last week leaders of Moscow's regional government invited city dwellers to go to collective and state farms to dig potatoes for their own use. World briefs Soviets, Lithuanians to discuss independence officials also called for negotiations with the national government. Both sides declined to call Tuesday's meeting at the Kremlin negotiations or consultations, the official news organization and Baltic news organizations said. Progress made in treaty to cut arms in Europe Lithuania announced its independence March 11, but agreed to suspend the declaration in exchange for the lifting of an oil and natural gas embargo imposed by President Mikhail Gorbachev in May. Lithuanian Soviet Prime Minister Nikolai Rzhokhv and Lithuanian officials have agreed to meet next week for long-awaited talks on the Baltic republic's drive for independence, news agencies reported yesterday. Secretary of State James A. Baker III said yesterday that he and Soviet Foreign Minister Edward A. Shevardnadze had made progress toward a treaty to reduce conventional arms in Europe. Shevardnadze said after a two-hour meeting that they had made headway on a treaty. The treaty, between NATO and the Warsaw Pact, has been seen as the centerepiece of a 34-nation summit, tentatively planned for Nov 19 in Paris Signing of the agreement would be a milestone in easing East West tensions, experts say. Crisis hurts capitalism in Poland, official says Poland's finance minister said yesterday the effects of the Persian Gulf crisis combined with failure to ease the massive Polish debt were endangering his country's attempt to turn capitalist. The loss of revenue from business contracts with Iraq and Kuwait, in addition to the rising price of oil, will cost Poland $2 billion during the coming year, said Leszek Balcerowicz. FOR THE AMATEUR, STUDENT & PROFESSIONAL G Canvas, Stretcher Strips, Sketch Pads, Pastels, Drawing Pencils, Acrylics, Watercolors, Brushes, Art Markers Colored Pencils, Calligraphy Supplies, Drawing Paper. Display Board Low Prices on Quality Brand Names . . 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