Friday, September 28, 1990 / University Daily Kansan
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End to Mohawk protests may generate sensitivity
TORONTO — The 78-day standoff between Mohawks and authorities in Quebec left ill feelings that may not fade quickly, but experts said yesterday that one positive offshoot was the plight of Canada's native tribes.
The Associated Press
After the surrender of the last Mohawk holdouts Wednesday, federal and provincial governments were congratulating themselves for avoiding major violence and creating a more secure environment to be more sensitive to Indians.
Meanwhile, Indians and other observers said it would not take much for similar crises to erupt.
Bruce Clark, a lawyer from Ontario who has studied historical documents relating to Indian relations in the past, said: "The Indians are starting to say that we come down to the wire, and we are going to hold the white man to his
word. The white man talks about the rule of law as his great gift, let's see if we can hold him to it."
Georges Erasmus, grand chief of the Assembly of First Nations, the national grouping of Canadian Indian bands, said. "There is a tremendous onus now on the Canadian government and the Quebec government."
About 50 Mohawks, including women and children, surrendered Wednesday after being camped for nearly a month inside a drug and alcohol treatment center in Oka, 18 miles west of Montreal.
The withdrawal ended a conflict that began July 11 over plans by Oka officials to expand a golf course oportunity land claimed by Indians. Dozens of Quebec police officer was killed in the冲突 between Indians and authorities.
The golf course issue was settled early on when the federal government bought the disputed land and
said it would turn it over to the Mohawks. But blockades set up at Oka and Kanawake, south of Montreal, were joined by sympathy blockades by Indian bands across the country.
Most observers said it was the public pressure and the continuing negative image of Canadian officials that finally pushed Prime Minister Multononey on Tuesday to announce plans for dealing with the Indians.
"Canada's aboriginal peoples deserve a special place in this country as our first citizens, based on the aboriginal and treaty rights recognized in the constitution," the prime minister said.
But he said, "Native self-government does not now and cannot ever mean sovereign independence. Mohawk lands are a part of Canadian territory, and Canadian law must and does apply."
Canada to appoint 8 senators
The Associated Press
OTTWA — Using an obscure constitutional provision, Prime Minister Brian Mulroney received permission yesterday from Queen Elizabeth II to appoint eight new partisan senators. The new senators could help to push through a controversial tax.
The new lawmakers, who can serve until age 75, would bring the number of Senate seats to 112 and give Mulroney's Conservative Party a majority in both the Senate and House of Commons.
An opposition leader called Mulrooney's move "an abuse of power," and challenges lifelong loom. The only other opponent was Cohen in 1873, but that appeal was not granted.
The nation's 1867 Constitution allows the British monarch to add four or eight members to the Senate
on a request by the governor-general, the Canadian representative to the Commonwealth
Muironey has used the measure as a last resort to save the 7 percent goods and services tax, stalled in the Liberal dominated Senate. The Commons, dominated by Conservatives, supported the tax.
The proposed consumption tax would replace a 13 percent tax paid by manufacturers. Some basic, such as groceries, would be exempt from the tax, but it would affect even such services as a haircut.
Mulroney said the debate went beyond the tax proposal to the principle of whether the elected Commons prevail over the appointed Senate.
"The consequences for our parliamentary system are enormous," he said. "What is at stake is one of
John Haslam, a spokesman for the queen, said the queen, as the constitutional monarch of the former British colony, followed the provisions of the Canadian Constitution in making the decision.
the principles of our freedom. "
But even with the additional seats, the fate of the tax could rest on the votes of a handful of Independents.
The Liberals currently hold 52 seats and the Conservatives 46, with one Reform Party representative. The Liberals and one independent Liberal.
Over the last two months, Murowney has filled 15 Senate vacancies with Conservative loyalists to narrow the gap.
Liberal leader Jean Christien warned the public would not back Mulroney, whose popularity has dipped sharply in polls.
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