University Daily Kansan / Monday, August 27, 1990
3b
U.S. presence in gulf potentially explosive
By Ed Blanche
Associated Press writer
NICOSIA, Cyprus — The United States may have saved Saudi Arabia's rulers from being plotted against them in the Persian Gulf is fraught with peril for the United States and its Arab friends.
News Analysis
Unless the United States "takes into account all the long-term implications of the situation, its actions may produce a recipe for permanent upheaval rather than the regional stabilization, which is its aim," Middle East analyst Charles Snow said.
Iraqi President Saddam Hussein's Aug. 1, conquest of Kuwait has shaken the Arab world, polarizing it and triggering new and often surprising alliances.
gimnasias
"In the immediate future . . . the region will be very lucky indeed if there's not an explosion of potentially epic proportions," Snow said.
potentially epic properties.
"Even if this can be avoided, the future looks
bleak," said Snow a veteran analyst with the Nicosia-based Middle East Economic Survey.
Saddam's internment of U.S. and British hostages in Baghdad and Kuwait, and President Bush's decision to increase the U.S. military commitment, including calling up military reserves for the first time in 20 years, has raised the temperature in recent days.
has raised the temperature. Apart from the prospect of war and the danger that Saddam will use chemical weapons, there is the threat of a new wave of terrorist attacks on U.S. and Western targets in the Middle East and beyond.
U. S. intervention in Lebanon in 1983 as part of a multinational peacekeeping force ended in disaster, with nearly 300 U.S. and French troops in suicide bombings by Muslim zealists.
The Middle East was restive and uncertain even before Saddam invaded Kuwait.
even before sabbatim in Israel occupied
territories, the end of superpower rivalry that
cast the regions adrift, and the flood of Soviet
Jews to Israel combined to radically alter the Middle East equation.
try portraying himself as the Islamic champion of the Arab world and linking a withdrawal from Kuwait with Israel's occupation of Arab masses and its appeal to Arab masses and the Muslim world.
massages they moderates have reluctantly gone along with U.S. interventions in Saudi Arabia, at King Fahd's request, because they were unable to check Saddam themselves.
But they are unyess about U.S. presence in such a sensitive and strategic region.
suspect." The less time the Iraqis are given to whip up anti-American sentiment in the Arab world, the better as far as Washington is concerned," Snow said.
Shahram Chubin, a Middle East specialist with Geneva's Graduate Institute of International Studies, said, "The U.S. presence in such force in the land of Islam's hotest places is likely to create a lot of discontent in the Muslim world.
"The longer the Americans stay in the gulf, the worse it will look for them." he said. "The change in the Arab order caused by Iraq's actions will not necessarily be in America's favor. The royal intervention may have saved Samurai Royal navy now, but it could ultimately undermine them."
Much depends on what Saddam does next.
He has three basic options: try to sit out the sege, capitulate and withdraw from Kuwait, or
Capitalization is unlikely. If he meekly returns Kuwait to its emir, Saddam would suffer a catastrophic loss of face in the Arab world he seeks to lead.
He would likely meet serious unrest at home. That would raise the possibility of a putch by
His generals might think that on top of Saddam's ill-advised invasion of Iran in 1980, a planned hitkikegrie that bogged down into an attack with grenades caused the explosion over Kuwait based him on a liability.
National Guard has fought in every United States war
The National Guard is America's oldest military force and can trace its heritage to the formation of four militia regiments in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1636.
It has seen duty in every American war since the Pequot Indian War of 1837. The term National Guard first was used in the United States by a New York militia unit in 1824.
Eighteen of the country's 41 presidents, from George Washington to Harry Truman, were members of the National Guard or the militias that preceded them. Currently, five congressmen are in the Guard and eight are in the reserves.
resist vex:
In 1916, President Wilson ordered 160,000
National Guard troops to active duty to fight
the Mexican bandit Pancho Villa.
During World War 1, the Guard supplied 17 combat divisions, 379.071 soldiers, or about 40
percent of the American Expeditionary Forces. In World War II, four of the first five U.S. Army divisions to enter offensive combat were National Guard. Among the 300,034 Guardsmen serving in the war, 20 received Medals of Honor.
In the Korean War, 183,600 Army and Air Guardens were called to active duty. They were among 938,379 reservists mobilized by President Truman.
During the Vietnam War, 35,280 reservists were activated after the 1968 Tet Offensive. They were a fraction of the 3.4 million soldiers who fought there. A 1970 survey showed that 90 percent of the soldiers who enlisted in the Guard wanted to avoid the draft.
In 1970, President Nixon activated 26,273 reservists, including 12,721 Guardmen, to deliver the mail during a national postal strike under Operation Graphic Hand.
Bush calls for 'weekend warriors' to strengthen forces in Middle East
The Associated Press
WASHINGTON — President Bush last week ordered the Pentagon to call military reserves to active duty for the first time in 20 years in an effort to bolster the defense of Saudia. The Pentagon, under a $40 million fund of 4,000 "weekend warriors" could be in uniform by the end of the month.
Bush's order was a sign of the administration's commitment to sustaining the huge U.S. military force opposing Iraq's Saddam Hussein in the Middle East.
The last time reserves were activated for military purposes was in 1968 when President Johnson called 35,280 after the Tet offensive in Vietnam. In 1974 he ordered the U.S. invasion ship Pueblo. In 1970 President Nixon ordered a call-up during a mail strike.
丹, meeting with Cheney and Colin Powell, chairperson of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, at his home in Kennebunkport, Maine, signed an executive order that stated:
"I hereby determine that it is necessary to augment the active armed forces of the United States for the effective conduct of war in and around the Arabian Peninsula."
Presidential press secretary Marin Rivera water said in a statement that "the actual number of reserve personnel to be called to the front line is not great, but the needs of the armed forces" in the gulf area.
A Pentagon statement said some reserves called to active duty would be shipped to Saudi Arabia while others would remain on U.S. installations replacing troops already patched.
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