Monday, Oct. 14, 1985
Campus/Area
University Daily Kansan
7
Official discusses use of military
By Bengt Ljung Of the Kansan staff
The mid-air interception of the Palestinian pirates by American fighter airplanes Thursday was an appropriate response to terrorism because it didn't endanger innocent lives, an assistant secretary of defense said Friday.
James Webb Jr., assistant secretary of defense for reserve affairs, visited the University of Kansas on Friday, conducting a press conference before speaking to the KU Navy ROTC.
At the press conference, Webb said it was difficult to find the appropriate response to terrorism. The response had to be targeted to the terrorists to avoid repeating the terrorists' indiscriminate use of violence.
Webb, a former journalist, was in Beirut, Lebanon, in October 1983, filming a news documentary about the Marine Corps for PBS" "MacNeil/Lehrer Newswour" when 240 Marines were killed by a suicide truck driver carrying a bomb. Webb won an Emmy from the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences for that documentary.
"I'd love to have seen an air raid back in Beirut where we knew they had been training guerrillas," he said. "But the president and the American military have to be extremely careful."
Contrary to public belief, Webb said, an American attack on the Italian ship Achille Lauren, on which four Palestinians held 511 people hostage from Monday to Thursday last week, would not have been the correct response to terrorism. The ship was in Italian territory and the United States would have needed full approval from the Italian government for such an operation, he said.
but no, not him, he said. But military force, because appropiate when the hostages were free and the terrorists could be targeted easily, once they were flying an Egyptian airplane to Tunisia, Webb said.
"Thursday's operation is a pretty damn good guarantee we're going to use military force with all due care so innocent people won't be hurt," he said.
"When we define a policy of cooperation between countries to weed these people out, we're not going to have a problem," he said.
"This was a surgical use rather than a sledgehammer."
Based on demographic figures, Webb predicted that Mexico, Central America, Kenya and the region inhabited by Shilte Muslims would be future trouble spots.
Webb said the "cult of hate" against the United States in the Middle East was caused by U.S. support of Israel's and fundamentalist Shiite Muslims, belief that the United States had a hatton growth among Shiites makes the country undirected, indoctrinated group an explosive political force he said.
No American will be safe until the small core of terrorists in the world has been identified and eliminated, Webb said.
Despite the cult of hate against the United States among Lebanese Shites, Webb defended the presence of the American peacekeeping force in Beirut from 1982 to 1983. The Marines originally served a good function by separating the Israeli army and the Palestine Liberation Organization guerrillas, he said. The multinational force had a calming effect immediately after the massacres of Palestinians by Christian Phalangists in the Sabra and Shatila refugee camps in September 1982.
"As long as we stayed completely neutral, there was no justification to attack us." Webb said. "But when the Israelis pulled back and we gave the Lebanese army gun support, we became exposed. That's when somebody should have said it was time to get out."
Webb, 39, has written three novels and one book on U.S. military strategy in the Pacific. He was awarded the Army's Prize for his novel, "Fields of Fire."
1988, Webb served in the Marines in Vietnam under Michael Wiley, who now is the commanding officer at KU Navy ROTC. On Col. Wiley's invitation, Webb spoke on military leadership to about 120 people, mostly Navy ROTC students, Friday afternoon in Alderson Auditorium in the Kansas Union. Speaking from his own experience
in Vietnam, Webb told the midshipmen and officer candidates the small-unit leaders had the most difficult position in the armed forces. Good military leadership is crucial, he said.
To be a successful leader, knowledge of people, material and procedures is necessary. Webb said. But there is no one way to lead, because each leader has his own personality.
Speaking from his own experience
The leader also must have a sense of where he is going, a vision, Webb said.
Webb also said a good leader had to inject his own character into his work to earn the respect of the people below him. Trust, compassion, humility and fairness are as important as loyalty, adherence to principle and courage, he said.
"Does leadership make a difference?" Webb asked. "You bet it does.
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