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University Daily Kansan
Nation/World
Thursday, Sept 12, 1985
South Africa Botha plans to restore citizenship
United Press International
JOHANNESBURG, South Africa — President Pietter Botha pledged yesterday to abolish a main pillar of apartheid by restoring citizenship to millions of blacks, but he rejected President Reagan's appeal to reform race laws as "fighting with windmills."
Nobel Peace Prize laureate Bishop Desmond Tutu warmed that he would call for a weeklong national strike unless the government lifted a seven-week state of emergency, pulled the army out of black townships, charged or released detained prisoners and met with black leaders.
"I want to tell you I have had enough of our people being killed as if you are swapping flies," Tutu told a meeting of Africa Enterprises, an ecumenical self-help organization, in Pietermaritzburg.
"Are you ready to disobey unjust laws?" he asked the audience. "Are you willing to be part of a national stavaw from work?"
In Pretoria, a police spokesman said a mixed-race "colored" detective was stabbed to death during a funeral procession in Cape Town yesterday.
He said mourners recognized the man as a policeman, "grabbed hold of him and stabbed him quite a number of times." The policeman, Johannes Farmer, fired his revolver at his attackers and wounded one man, but was overwhelmed.
At least 700 people have been killed in a yearlong uprising against South Africa's institutionalized policy of racial segregation, apartheid.
Botha said he would hold discussions on the question of dual citizenship with leaders of Transkei, Ciskei, Bophuthatswana and Venda. These are separate internal administrative states not recognized internationally.
"The necessary legislation will be enacted as soon as possible in order to restore citizenship" to blacks in those independent homelands, he said. About a third of the nation's 22-million black majority live in the four tribal homelands. The nation has a total of 10 tribal homeland states.
Botha's promise would cut deeply into the "grand aparthid" scheme constructed by architects such as the late Premier Hendrik Verwoerd, who planned to keep blacks in South Africa from becoming citizens of the country.
It also would sweep away a grievance among blacks who resented having been arbitrarily deprived of their birthright when their tribal homeland was granted self-government by Pretoria.
Botha referred to a letter from President Reagan brought from Washington by U.S. Ambassador Herman Nickel.
Nickel, who was recalled to Washington three months ago, arrived in South Africa on Tuesday. He told reporters on his arrival the letter emphasized that "negotiations must be started and apartheid must be seen to be abolished."
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"But I have never said that I am in favor of such a statement of intent. In fact, I rejected it," he said to roars of applause.
Botha said the letter expressed Reagan's desire that a statement of intent to reform race laws was no longer enough.
"He is fighting with windmills," Botha said.
Both rejected widespread international demands to open discussions with black leaders such as jailed black nationalist Nelson Mandela, saying he would not hold talks with "perpetrators of violence."
NEW YORK — American companies are the mainstay of South Africa's computer, petroleum and auto industries, but South Africa's economy would not be crippled beyond recovery if U.S. firms pulled out. Fortune magazine reported yesterday.
Britain's holdings in South Africa represent 55 percent of the total, followed by the United States. West Germany is third with 18 percent. And although Japanese law bans direct investment in South Africa, Japanese products are aggressively marketed by South African middlemen.
Magazine says U.S. pullout would lack knockout punch
In South Africa's depressed auto market, General Motors Corp. is the only U.S. automaker that still has a wholly-owned South African subsidiary, which it values at $140 million.
And an estimated 40 percent of the country's oil refining capacity lies in the hands of Mobil Corp. and Caltex, owned jointly by Chevron Corp. and Texaco Inc.
Data Corp., which do not manufacture in South Africa, maintain extensive sales and service operations there, employing about 2,500 people, many of them black.
United Press International
"If U.S. companies were forced to get out of South Africa by unilateral action — as a result, perhaps, of congressional action — their assets would go at fire-sale prices," the magazine said. "In today's turmoil, the potential buyers would probably be South African.
Thirteen U.S. companies have left South Africa — including General Foods Corp., PepsiCo and Pan American World Airways — but 300 remain, many dealing in computers, petroleum and cars.
"If bargain day ever comes, smaller U.S. subsidiaries would go to corporate and other private sector buyers, while the larger companies would probably be taken over by the South African government — a prospect that pleases no one."
U. S. holdings in South Africa amounted to a modest $2.3 billion at the end of 1984, the magazine said, about 20 percent of all direct foreign investment there.
Toyota, dealing with two South African firms, is the market leader.
WASHINGTON — The State Department yesterday welcomed the South African announcement on citizenship for blacks living in homelands as a positive step that could have important consequences.
In a prepared statement, a department spokesman said, "The United States has always considered inhabitants of the so-called homelands to be South African citizens. We have rejected South African attempts to take South African citizenship away from these residents."
The department said if the announcement by South African President Pieter Botha would lead to citizenship being restored, the United States would regard such a move as a positive one.
Statement welcomed by officials
United Press International
Both said in a statement issued yesterday that his government was prepared to restore South African citizenship to blacks who were stripped of it when their tribal homelands were made separate states.
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