Wednesday, February 19, 1975 5 Correspondent views Russian life By RAFAEL SANTOS BY RAI ALLUSANTOS Kansan Staff Reporter Thirty-four years of experience in the United Press International (UPA) Moscow bureau have allowed Henry Shapiro to lead the way of life, its leaders and its people. Shapiro, who left the bureau in September 1973, has interviewed and visited such top Soviet leaders as Joseph Stalin, once absolute ruler of Russia, and Leonid Breznev, now first secretary of the Communist party. "It's difficult country to understand and to know," he said Tuesday. "As time passes, more and more will be written about Russia." To fully understand the Soviet culture, he said, would require more study and travel. He said he hoped relations were moving in that direction. SHAPIRO WENT TO MOSCOW to study law after he graduated from the Harvard School of Law and began writing articles for newspapers and magazines. He was foreign correspondent for the now defunct New York Herald-Tribune and also wrote for *The Times*. 1939 he was assigned to the UPI Moscow bureau. The most important problem that foreign correspondents have faced in Russia is censorship, Shapiro said. Until 1961, the president could be cleared by a censorship office, he said. Access to the news and a lack of social contact with the main sources of news also represent problems to the efficient supply of news by the correspondent, be said. THE JOURNALIST, Shapiro has, has to restrict himself to the official releases by the central government for the news. Any attempt to report matters not included in the releases has to be approved by the government, he said. Some of the sources of information that the correspondent depends on, he said, are official newspapers such as Prava, the foreign ministry press department, diplomats in certain embassies and a certain amount of traveling. Other important sources, he said, are private contacts such as intellectuals and writers, who have to be contacted periodically. "Sources are very limited," Shapiro said. Traveling must also be approved by the government, he said. However, about half of the country is closed to travelers for security reasons, he said. In the Soviet Union, the Kremlin doesn't have press conferences as they do here. "They know what you're going to do and everything is organized," Shapiro said. "There couldn't possibly be any secrets under such a heavy surveillance." Unfortunately, he said, most of the Soviet leaders are suspicious about the press. However, he said, those leaders govern themselves and their Russian is a very friendly person. he said. SHAPIRO WAS THE ONLY resident foreign correspondent privately received by Nikita Khrushchev, Russian premier from 1958 to 1964. "The most interesting leader was Krushchev," he said. "He was very talkative and he gave us a lot of stories. He was a colorful character, and I used to talk to him in many receptions. He was quite accessible." Stalin, on the other hand, was very tough during the cold war years, Shapiro said. Correspondents didn't know whether they were involved in any time, arrested or even killed, he said. The atmosphere improved radically after Stain died, he said. Stalingrd. He was the first war foreign correspondent there, he said. The battle of Stalingar was a serious setback for the German army on the Russian front. They surrendered to the Russians Jan. 31, 1943. At the beginning of the battle, Shapiro be reported that it would be begun beeping and the army armpit. "MOSCOW," he said. Shapiro said covering Moscow was still exciting. “It’s all very exciting because it’s an important country,” he said. “History is constantly being made there, and it’s a good place of stories, even though they’re hard to get.” "I was there during the siege and many times flew over German lines," he said. SHAIPIRO SAID HE FEARED that an accumulation of events such as the cancellation of the trade agreement and the arguments about the Mideast could lead to a slow deterioration of Soviet-American relations. "The worst period of the cold war is gone," he said. "I think we have enough resources to make a comeback." Both countries are anxious to avoid a nuclear war and would like to reduce the nuclear arms race, he said. Still, he said, the nuclear dearment will be a slow process. Tonight... RECREATION CAREER STUDENTS will meet at 7 in 122 Robinson Gymnasium. Several student interns are the guest speakers. THE BLACK CAUCUS of Eldsworth Hall will sponsor a seminar and cater at 7 in Eldsworth Hall in accordance with Black Awareness Week. Shapiro's career in Russia included overtime during War that wilt his reputation for history. THE PSYCHOLOGY CLUB will show "Future Shock" with a commentary by Rick Snyder at 7:30 in 4 Fraser. "I'm optimistic for the long range," shapiro said, "but I don't expect any major changes." THE SUA CANOE CLUB will meet at 7:30 in the Forum Room of the Kansas Union SUA FORUMS will sponsor sponsor Noel Neill "Lois Lane" at 8 in Voodruff Auditorium. There will be a 25 cents admission charge. ROB BONLAND, associate professor of the School of Social Welfare, will speak on "World Hunger, American Potential and Ethical Concerns" at 8 in Smith Hall. The lecture is part of a series of presentations sponsored by the St. Lawrence Catholic Student Center. Thursday... THE FACULTY FORUM will meet at noon at the United Ministries Center, the Overseas Howard Smith School, in dean of the School of Engg. and Applied Engg. Enlegues. HENRY SHAPIRO, former United Press International bureau chief in Greece, was the principal student of the students of the Law school on the Soviet level at 12:30 p.m. in Penza. NOTICE Call 864-3746 for information. The Student Senate is accepting budget requests for the allocation of student activity fees. Organizations requesting funding for the fiscal year 1976 (July 1, 1975 June 30, 1976) can obtain request forms from the Student Senate Treasurer's office, 109B in the Kansas Union. All Requests Due Before 4:00 p.m. Friday, February 28, 1975 Absolutely No Late Requests Will Be Considered Financed with Student Activity Fees Monroe Business Systems is pleased to announce that the University of Kansas is our latest NATIONAL ACCOUNT More calculators for business. More calculators for engineering. More calculators for science. More calculators for top retailers. More service centers. Contact your local Topeka office DANNY R. F. RANKS Sales Representative MONOE, The Calculator Company R W H Street Topeka, Kansas 66030 Phone 233-3278 The Calculator Company No other company has more MONROE --- jayhawk Traducon Society P.O. Box 3426, Lawrence Feb. 20 Meeting— 7:30 p.m. Dr. Robert M. 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