KU profs offer suggestions for world food crisis
By TOM TOTH
Renorter
Americans should stop eating hamburgers and steaks. Russia needs to abandon collectivized agriculture. India must drastically curtail its exploding population.
These views weren't gathered from any of the more than 1,000 delegates at the United Nations-sponsored World Food Conference in Rome this week.
Instead, they were offered by social and biological scientists at the University of Kansas last year. Persons in these areas expressed concern over the problem of feeding the world's hungry masses.
James Hamrick, assistant professor of botany.
said much of the current food shortage was due to agriculture's critical dependence on fossil fuels, which are derived from the earth, at a time when present forms of fossil energy were diminishing in availability. Although the amount of energy required to produce a unit of food has not varied significantly during this century, the type of energy used in agriculture has shifted from animal to fossil forms, he said.
Farm machinery is an obvious user of fossil fuel, but fertilizer and seeds also affect energy consumption, Hamrick said. Chemical fertilizers are in short supply because they are derived from petroleum, he said. Modern hybrid seeds, which are used in both developed and developing countries,
have been brd to be used with mechanization and large quantities fertilizer and pesticides, he said.
This dependence upon technological advances has allowed farmers to adopt poor ecological practices and has produced unfortunate consequences, Harrick said. By planting large tracts of single-crop varieties, farmers have increased their crops' vulnerability to disease and insects. This was a big factor in the spread of corn blight a few years ago in the American Midwest, he said.
The indiscriminate use of pesticides has also produced pesticide-resistant insects and inadvertently destroyed their natural predators, he said.
Marie Cross, associate professor of human development, teaches courses in nutrition. She
approaches the food problem from a different perspective.
"If we are seriously concerned with the food shortage we should stop eating meat." Cross said. Meat production is an inefficient way to produce the essential protein that is in short supply, she said.
A cow returns only 20 per cent of the protein it consumes, she said.
Cress said that the soybean was the only source of vegetable protein that was nutritionally complete. But, she said, two or more plants with complimentary amino acid structures could be combined to furnish a completely balanced protein for human consumption. An example of this is combining beans with rice or corn at the same meal, she said.
Most experts agree that more than 10 per cent of the world population, or 400 million persons, receive less than the minimum amount of food they need to survive.
An editorial in the Wednesday Wichitaoga noted that in 1940 Americans consumed an average of 55 pounds of beef and 18 pounds of poultry per person each year. In 1972, per capita consumption figures were 117 pounds of beef and 51 pounds of poultry.
Not only are Americans eating far more food and protein than they need, but also the experts apparently have been recommending unnecessarily high consumption. Cross said the National Academy of Sciences last year lowered by 15 per cent its recommendations for adults. It said the U.S. Bank Group
THE UNIVERSITY DAILY
KANSAN
Vol. 85-No. 55 Tuesday, November 12, 1974
The University of Kansas Lawrence, Kansas
Tape shows Nixon OK'd coverup plan
From the Associated Press
WASHINGTON—Former President Richard M. Nixon approved H. R. Haldeman's plan to use the CIA to choke the FBI investigation of the Watergate break-in, according to tape segments heard during a hearing on the Watergate coverup conspiracy trial.
Ford approval on tapes likely
From the Associated Press
WASHINGTON—The Ford administration has signed a tentative agreement giving the special Watergate papers and papers left by Richard M. Nixon, papers left by Richard M. Nixon.
The new arrangement amounts to a repudiation of an earlier agreement giving the organisation greater control.
The agreement supersedes the written understanding unveiled at the time of Nixon's pardon by President Gerald R. Ford.
The new pact would probitibt delivery of any of the documents or tapes to former President Nixon until the prosecutor is convinced they aren't needed in his investigation.
Richie is hearing several challenges to the original agreement, and his approval is up for grabs.
The new agreement, submitted to U.S. District Judge Richard Richey yesterday, was signed over the weekend by presidential counsel Philip Buchen, the General Services Administration and special prosecutor Henry S. Rush Jr.
In papers filed later yesterday, Nixon's Washington attorney, Herbert J. Miller Jr., pleaded that Richey uphold the original agreement in its entirety. He criticized the new deal struck between the White House and Ruth as "depriving Mr. Nixon of any opportunity whatsoever to protect the presidential privilege of confidentiality."
problem faced and confronted in the Sept. 8 debate with Nixon. Under the original understanding, the Nixon materials were to be forwarded quickly to the former President in California. And unless Nixon cooperated, it would have forced the prosecutor to resort to court action any time he wanted to examine a tape or document.
The tapes were recordings of three meetings between Haldeman and Nixon on June 23, 1972, six days after the break-in at the Democratic National Headquarters.
Haldeman's plan failed, L. Patrick Gray III, former acting head of the FBI, told the Watergate coverup trial, when Lt. Gen. Vernon A. Walters, deputy director of the CIA, went to Gray and told him, "I'm not interested in kids at the White House kick me around."
Walters and Gray testified at a session in which a tape was played of Nixon agreeing that the FBI investigation had to be brought under control.
During his first meeting with Nixon, he told the FBI investigation of the break-in "is now leading to some productive areas, because they've been able to trace the breakin-
He suggested that Gray be told that there was CIA involvement that had been reported.
Nixon agreed and told Haladem, "You call them in. . . Play it tough. . . Don't lie to them." The bad news is that he will be involved, but just say this is sort of a comedy of errors. . . and that they should call the FBI in and say that we wish for the information or do not any further into this case, period.
A few minutes before the meeting with Walters and Helms, Nixon and Haldeman met again and the former President was heard to say on the tape, "It's likely to blow the whole, ub. Bay of Pigs trump, which we were supposed to kill," for the country at this time, and for American foreign policy, and he just better touch it and lay it on them."
Immediately after the meeting, Haberman reported to Nixon that "It's no problem."
Gray testified that he received a telephone call on June 23 from John W. Dean III, then White House counsel, who told him, "it was pretty important I talk to Gen. Walters, that he had something to tell me."
Gray testified that the evening before he had briefed Dean on the progress of the FBIS investigation, including its success in finding a 300 found on the Watergate burials.
Gray said he told Dean, "We are going to pursue these leads with vigor because we want to discover where these monies had come from."
Gray said the first White House aide he
talked to about the break-in was Ehrlichman, who told him that "John Dean was going to be conducting an investigation for the White House into the Watergate matter, and that I should deal directly with John Dean."
Between the second and third meetings, Haldeman and Ehrlichman met with Mr. Bauer to discuss the director, and Haldeman instructed Wallers to tell Gray that FBI attempts to trace money found on the Watergate burglars could compromise covert CIA activities in the region.
meeting on June 23 in which he quoted Halademan as saying, "The bugging of Watergate case was making a lot of noise we were trying to maximize it, the investigation and important people and it was getting worse."
Then, said Walters, Haldeman said, "It is the President's wish" that Watlers go to Gray and tell him that the FBI investigation would uncover CIA assets and channels in Mexico.
Walters said Helms protested that he knew of no CIA assets that could be compromised by the FBI investigation, but that he did not. He has resigned President Walters to go ahead.
Walters said the only part Erichmann took in the conversation, which was in his
See COVERUP Back Page
Band, a-ten-hut!
While the KU Marching Band worked through its drills yesterday, a young listener on the sidelines found slight pleasure in
By Kanaan Photographer DAVE PETERSON
playing along. The band was preparing for Saturday's halftime joint performance with the KU Alumni Band.
Appointments endorsed by Dykes
College Reporter
Bv VALERIE J. MEYERS
Chancellor Archie R. Dykes said last night that he thought that Deltakhel, executive vice chancellor, acted in the best interests of the University in confirming two administrative appointments over the protests of the Office of Affirmative Action.
Edward P. Bassett, dean of the School of Journalism, was appointed associate vice chancellor for academic affairs, and Ralph E. Christoffersson, professor of chemistry, was appointed assistant vice chancellor for academic affairs on Oct. 15. Confirmations of both appointments were announced Nov. 4.
"The main point (of the Affirmative Action objections) that the position was
The objection and Dykes' response came at a KU chapter meeting of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP). Dykes gave a short talk and answered questions from AAUP members on several subjects.
She said that the Office of Affirmative Action had objected because many more persons might have applied for the positions she offered. The officers be baltimore rather than fulfilment positions.
originally advertised as a single position," said Elizabeth Banks, assistant professor
Haskell Loop gets approval
The East Lawrence Improvement Association (ELIA) voted last night to approve the Haskell Loop as described to them by the Oolinger-Smith engineering firm.
County reporter
By BILL GRAY
Fred Pence, city commissioner, told the ELIA before the vote that they had "better quit pissing脚outaround." He said if the ELISA chose to delay for too long they might lose the opportunity to receive more funds for neighborhood development.
He said the study by Oblinger-Smith projected the traffic on the loop would be considerably less than current traffic on Iowa Street or East 23rd Street. He said 27 homes would be in the path of the houses the houses were found to be in standard condition by the study.
Raymond Dryll, EZLA treasurer, said he thought the thought would create a bad situation for those living along the right of way of the loop. He said the ELLA should consider that it was the best way to deal with Obinger-Simbit had been presented in its final form.
Ken Kallenbach of Oblinger-Smith told the association the胚 would separate the industrial area Lawrence on the east Lawrence and the west Lawrence.
"It's an arterial street within the city," Kallenbach said.
Kyle Anglegren, city Neighborhood Development Program
would be available after Jan. 1. No changes to the program would
be available after Jan. 1. No changes to the program would
"I see this as committing us to quite a large program without fully presenting it to us," Dryz said.
Dryz had circulated a petition opposing the loop. He said he opposed the use of MDP funds, which otherwise would have been used for funding for the network.
He had said that the acquisition of property in the 800 block of Delaware Street by the city commission more than a month ago committed the city to a route through the area. He he said thought the loop wasn't in the best interest of East Lawrence.
Anggregg said the city had bought the properties on Pennsylvania Street because they were substandard. The land could be used for redevelopment if it's decided that the loop shouldn't be built.
Kallenbach said a street like the Haskell Loop was proposed by the Kansas State Highway Commission in 1970. He said the loop would connect the new Kansas River bridge with the East Lawrence bypass that is being planned.
Tom Patchem Sr., chairman of the ELIA Rehabilitation Committee, said he hadn't noticed any opposition to the loop at ELIA meetings until recently. He said that NDP funds might not be available for housing even if the loon wasn't built.
Nancy Hambleton, city commissioner, said the Hakell Loop was an indication that the city was working on problems in the region.
"This is a benefit to the city as a whole," she said, "but east Lawrence hasn't been neglected."
Dryz said he wouldn't continue circulating his petitions. "Dryz said he wouldn't continue circulating his petitions."
He outlined three aspects in which he thought the University was making students enrolled, the number of student enrollments, the outreach program and the improvement in academic programs as by to the amount of construction on campus.
One faculty member asked whether the 10 per cent increase would make the salaries of KU's faculty equitable with wages paid in universities comparable to KU in quality or whether inflation would wipe out the increase.
Dykes said although the increase would certainly help it not make KU equal to Dykes.
at the University of Colorado. At that university, Dykes said, projects that serve the state at large are separately funded by the state.
Dykes said the University would be including in its next budget requests a 10 per cent payment for the computer request of more than $1 million for the computation center on the Lawrence campus. He said that, if approved, it would be the first time that the state had helped Dykes implement the plan.
Dykes said it would cost relatively little to make speeches, dramatic productions, museums and other projects of interest available to large numbers of people.
"Other institutions have stepped up their efforts, too." he said.
governance also is important, Dykes said.
One AAUP member expressed concern about the rising grade point average and deterioration of standards in the University, areas of writing and speaking English.
Dykes said that he had read about such a concern across the nation but said that there were no schools. He said there was little deterioration of quality in the values that Dykes believed.
The creativity and independence important to an academic community could be destroyed, Dykes said, by a statewide system.
"You know, of course, that the trend nationwide has been toward a statewide policy."
He said that KU might explore the possibility of developing a program like that
The autonomy of the University's
"The people have already made the basic investment," he said.
In times past, the more thought of going through sorrority rush was enough to send prospective candidates crawling the walls. It's a nervous time for the hundreds of women who participate each year, but the hope is that most of their favorite sororites is apparently worth it to meet. See Page 5.
Proaram vivified
Inside the KANSAN
Not many years ago, the honors program at the University of Kansas was flourishing, and it had the reputation of being the best in the Big 8. Substantial increases in enrollment in the mid 1960s caused the program to lose its "distinctive character," according to an associate dean of the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. However, there are plans to revive the program. See story Page 3.
Women petrified
Nippu
More brisk fall weather is forecast for today. Skies will be clear to partly cloudy and the highs will be in the upper 40s to the mid 50s. No rain is in the morning. There should be an increasing cloudiness tonight slightly cooler temperatures tomorrow.