University Daily Kansan / Thursday, November 6, 1986
5
Polygraph
Continued from p. 1
KU, said the questioning method most polygraphers use, in which relevant questions were mixed with irrelevant, or "control" questions, did not tell the polygrapher anything conclusive.
A tester has no objective way to compare one person's response to another's. Holmes said Strand uses the
"It's useless," Holmes said. "They really don't have a baseline against which to compare the responses."
"Everybody is going to respond to that emotionally loaded question."
Relevant questions, or those that relate directly to the crime, will naturally evoke greater physiological responses. Holmes said, and the polygrapher cannot tell whether one suspect is guilty or simply more emotional than others.
"Some people are just more emotionally volatile," he said. "He has no way of objectively comparing the way I respond, as the innocent suspect, to the way the guilty suspect responds."
- Dennis Karpowitz, KU associate professor of psychology, said the test could not compare how people responded to questions, which was one of its problems.
psychology, said the test could not compare how people responded to questions, which was one of its problems.
"That's what makes it so hard," he said. "It's not a situation where you can know for sure whether a person is telling the truth."
A study, conducted by physicians Michael Phillips, Chicago Medical School; Allan Brett, Harvard Medical School; and John Beary, Georgetown School of Medicine. The authors reported that a machine outnumbered those who have been caught by it.
The study, which appeared in the June issue of Discover magazine, said the machine accused 10 times as many people who tell the truth as liars.
However, KU police had enough confidence in the machine two years ago to approve Strand's proposal to
Strnad said the idea of using a polygraph first came to KU police after someone cut down the KANU-FM radio tower several years ago.
begin a polygraph program.
"There were numerous people we suspected, and we had a little information, but not enough," he said.
In 1984, Strnad spent seven weeks training at Backster and Associates, a polygraphers' school in San Diego. The department then purchased a Lafayette "fact finder" polygraph machine. Strnad placed the total cost of the training and the machine around $10,000.
Polygraph exams may be used only in active criminal investigations, according to the department's report. Strnad has conducted the tests for the Lawrence police and fire departments and the KU medical center police as well as for KU police.
The polygraph exam is used only as a last resort in an investigation, Strnad said.
"It's an investigative tool," he said. "It's not to be used as a shortcut."
Polygraph test results are not admissable as evidence in Kansas courts unless both sides agree before the test that the results should be used, Assistant District Attorney Martin Miller said.
Strnad said the use of the polygraph produced confessions in a number of cases and these confessions led to several convictions.
In 1985, police used the polygraph to investigate crimes that included 10 thefts, six arson cases, four cases of child abuse, three burglaries and one case each of homicide, rape, aggravated sodomy, robbery, criminal damage and embezzlement, the report said.
Stradn said his polygraph testing had never led an investigation astray.
"That's not to say that it couldn't happen," he said.
cupied 257 seats, and were leading for one more seat.
Republicans wore 174 seats and led for three more to make their probable tally 177. A reported Democratic pick up in Indiana was negated when a computer glitch surfaced
Election
When the final votes were counted, Democrats ousted Republican senators in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, North and South Dakota and Washington, while picking up open seats occupied by Republicans in Maryland and Nevada.
Continued from p. 1
Democrats suffered their only reversal in Missouri, where the
GOP picked up an open seat. They successfully defended a Republican challenge to Sen. Alan Cranston in California and managed to fend off GOP assaults on Democratic open seats in Louisiana and Colorado.
In the House, Mississippi elected its first black House member since Reconstruction. In Massachusetts, Joseph Kennedy II, son of Sen. Robert Kennedy, easily won the seat vacated by retiring House Speaker Thomas O'Neill. But his sister, Kathleen Kennedy Townsend sent her bid for a House seat in Maryland.
The Democrats won 13 Republican seats while the Republicans won eight Democratic seats, making the net Democratic boost at least five seats.
Women maintained their numbers in the House and Senate
Voters, deciding more than 200 ballot issues in 43 states, refused to legalize marijuana in Oregon, defeated a Lyndon LaRouche-sponsored initiative in California barring AIDS victims from working as teachers or food handlers and passed a right-to-work law in Idaho.
Hitler died a rich man, book says
HAMBURG West Germany
United Press International
HAMBURG, West Germany — Adolf Hitler died one of the richest men in Europe, a billionaire who owned an array of valuable paintings and received huge cash gifts from German industry, a newly published book says.
Bild newspaper, says the dictator's ascetic private life and simple tastes contrasted with his vast, but unseen, wealth.
The 268-page book published by Moewig Verlag traces the Nazi Führer's progress from a homeless vagrant in Vienna to one of the richest men in Europe. It lists the main sources of Hitler's fortune as various royalties and gifts of cash, art, jewelry and property from
The book by Wulf C. Schwarzwaeller, 57, titled "Hitler's Money," which was reviewed yesterday in the
wealthy admirers.
As chancellor of Germany from 1933 until his suicide in the ruins of Berlin on April 30, 1945, Hittler drew a public salutation of just 47,200 marks
But Schwarzweller said that the 10,000 paintings Hitler owned at the time of his death were worth $500 million and the Tea House, one of his Alpine real estate holdings at picturesque Obersalzberg, was worth $15 million.
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