14
NATION/WORLD
Wednesday, October 28, 1992
UNIVERSITY DAILY KANSAN
Canadians reject referendum
Voters narrowly defeat changes to constitution
The Associated Press
MONTREAL — Canadians discovered a new unity yesterday. East and west, French and English came together, not over constitutional reforms but in rejecting the path chosen for them by the country's political elite.
The results of Monday's referendum was a sharp rebuff to Prime Minister Brian Mulroney, provincial premiers and aboriginal leaders. As expected, voters in French-speaking Quebec rejected the reform accord, but it also lost in five other provinces and one territory.
The constitutional changes would have recognized Quebec as a "distinct society," reformed the Senate and the House of Commons to give western states more representation and recognized the rights of Indians and Inuit to govern themselves.
But while Canadians combined to vote the measure down 54.4 percent to 42.4 percent, they had widely varying reasons. Canada was left no closer
to a consensus on dealing with the cultural and regional differences that have been straining the federation for years.
Separatists in Quebec were cheered, hoping the results would rejuvenate their independence campaign and give them a boost in provincial elections that must be held by 1994. However, the province's rejection did not translate into support for independence, because many opponents of secession also voted "no."
The reform package originally was designed to meet Quebec's complaints about threats to its cultural identity in a predominantly English-speaking nation. But it gradually was expanded to meet demands for giving more power to less popular provinces and aboriginal peoples.
Pollsters predicted yesterday that Mulroney, the deal's chief salesperson, would be the biggest loser and might soon be forced from office. With an anemic economy that has 1.5 million Canadians out of work, Mulroney is Canada's most unpopular prime minister since pollsters began tracking such sentiments.
A downhearted Mulroney, who must call national elections by November 1993, said early yesterday that he would turn the government's attention away from constitutional wrangling and toward the economy.
Pollster Angus Reid said that 10 days before the vote he found that Mulroney managed to persuade twice as many people to vote against the accord as for it.
"The Mulroney factor was enormous," Alexa McDonough, leader of the New Democrat party in Nova Scotia, told Canadian Broadcasting Corp. "People reacted badly to the scaremongering and the hard sell."
"The Yes' campaign was a marketing disaster, and a lot of people are going to blame the prime minister for that." Michael Adams, head of the Environics firm, told the Toronto Star.
The loudest "no" came from British Columbia, where anti-Quebec sentiment and fears of increased land claims by Indians and Inuits prompted landslide 67.9 percent of voters to reject the deal.
The accord barely passed, 49.8 percent to 49.6 percent, in Ontario, the most populous province in this nation of 27 million people and once considered a stronghold of support. Quebec, the second most populous province, rejected the accord 55.4 percent to 42.4 percent.
Only Canada's three poorest provinces — Newfoundland, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island — strongly backed the reforms
Opposition leaders were quick to blame those in power for the debacle.
Preston Manning, leader of the Western-based Reform Party, said, "It's a repudiation of the political and business and media elite that proceeded on the assumption that they could just tell the Canadian people what to do."
The vote left Indian and Inuit leaders bitter and boosted separatist hopes in Quebec.
"We are not equal, we have nothing to cheer about," said Ron George, president of the Native Council of Canada. "Our people are dying on the streets now under the status quo."
Donald Blake, professor of political science at the University of British Columbia, said yesterday that fears of increased aboriginal land claims drove the British Columbia vote.
"It has not been very explicit, but voters were concerned about the provisions for aboriginal self-government," he said, noting that opposition to the accord was much stronger in British Columbia's interior than in urban areas like Vancouver.
Blake also called the public disappointment expressed by aboriginal leaders "a bit hypocritical," noting there were deep divisions within Indian and Inuit communities over the accord's provisions.
Senate accuses White House of falsifying data
The Associated Press
WASHINGTON — The head of the Senate Banking Committee accused the Bush administration yesterday of putting out false information on the U.S. export of advanced technology to Iraq before the Persian Gulf War.
At a rare hearing during the congressional recess, Sen. Donald Riegle, D-Mich., also criticized the Department of Justice for what he called a delay in prosecution of criminal wrongdoing by administration officials.
"Itappears on the face of it that laws were broken; the people that did it have to be identified," said Riegle, who was the only committee member present. "The delay cannot go on indefinitely here. If this Justice Department and attorney general don't do it, then another one will."
Before they were submitted to Congress, documents pertaining to export licenses for Iraq were improperly altered by Department of Commerce officials. In addition, the department's inspector general has found
Rep. Henry Gonzalez, D-Texas, House Banking Committee chairperson who has investigated U.S.-Iraq ties for two years, testified that the Bush
administration helped the Iraqis build a nuclear supergun by approving export licenses in 1989 for related technology.
Gonzalez said the Department of Commerce granted an export license in 1989 to Space Research Corp. of Maryland for a computer used to design a projectile for the long-range cannon designed to deliver nuclear weapons. At the time, Gonzalez said, the Department of State knew Space Research was engaged in numerous military projects in Iraq
"Not surprisingly, the State Department misled the public about export licenses approved for Space Research Corp., "Gonzalez said.
Riegle was bolstered in his assertions by testimony from several nuclear technology experts who disputed recent statements by President Bush and top administration officials that U.S. technology was not used in Iraq's nuclear weapons program.
Bush had said in the final presidential debate that there had not been any evidence showing U.S. technology was involved in it. But the former head of the National Inspections team in Iraq, David Kay, disputed that.
Last week, Bush said he may had overstated his assertion in the debate.
At yesterday's hearing, Kay repeated his disagree.
ment with Bush but added, "I have some sympathy for the president."
Appearing with Kay were Gary Milhollin, director of the Wisconsin Project on Nuclear Arms; Kenneth Timmerman, a Middle East arms expert; and Henry Rowan, head of Inductotherm Industries Inc. of Rancocas, N.J.
Sen. Jake Garn of Utah, the committee's ranking Republican called the hearing an abuse of the banking committee and a misuse of taxpayer dollars purely for partisan political purposes. He said that Riegle's accusations were outrageous.
Riegle released copies of a July 25, 1990, note from former Secretary of State James Baker to then-Secretary of Commerce Robert Moschaker, requesting urgently that additional export controls be placed on items that could contribute to Iraq's chemical and biological weapons and missile programs.
The note, sent shortly before Iraq invaded Kuwait,
appears to indicate that Baker believed the export
suppliers were involved.
Riegle, disputing recent statements by Bush's national security adviser Brent Scowcroft and acting Secretary of State Lawrence Scewlburger, said top administration officials were putting out false information on this issue.
Israel moves tanks to Lebanese border
The Associated Press
TYRE, Lebanon — Israel amassed tanks along its border with Lebanon yesterday while Israel warplanes and artillery hit guerrilla positions to avenge attacks by Muslim guerrillas that killed six Israelis.
The fighting, which has left at least 13 people dead and 35 wounded in Israel and Lebanon this week, threatened to undermine the seventh round of Arab-Israeli talks under way in Washington.
Israel sent nine Merkava tanks into its buffer zone in south Lebanon last night, according to the Israeli police, who spoke on condition of anonymity.
An Israeli army representative said many tanks were being amassed at Israel's northern border, but refused to give numbers. She said reinforcements were being deployed in the zone but did not specify if that meant troops, tanks or both.
Hezbollah, the Shite Muslim fundamentalist group that wants to derail the talks, claims responsibility for a bombing Sunday in the Israel buffer zone that touched off the latest round of violence. The blast killed five Israeli soldiers and wounded five.
A guerrilla rocket killed a 14-year-old in northern Israel before dawn yesterday.
"We must be ready and deployed to respond in the necessary manner if Hezbollah continues in its attempts to attack," said Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin after the rocket attack.
Later, Rabin chastised an Israeli newspaper for quoting him as ordering the army "to wipe out Hezbollah."
"I have never said that we can eliminate totally a terrorist organization," he said. "To imagine that Hezbollah will start to believe that this is what I said. It could create a misunderstanding."
Coupled with a wave of Palestinian attacks on Jews in the Israeli-occupied territories, the fighting in Lebanon is arousing Israeli public opinion and hampering Rabin's efforts to prepare his people to make concessions in return for peace with the Arabs.
Iranian-backed Hezbollah, which said it was mobilizing its 3,500 hardcore fighters, clanored yesterday for Lebanon to withdraw from the talks.
The Beirut government, which is supported by Syria, ignored the demand but said it would lodge a complaint with the U.N. Security Council over the Israeli aggressions.
Security sources said the Israeli tanks that crossed into the buffer zone took up positions around the village of Markaik. It faces Majdal Silm, which Israel radio said was where Shiite guerrillas fired the latest Katyusha rocket volleys on northern Israel.
The sources said they feared the tank reinforcements could herald an Israeli ground thrust outside the security zone.
Israeli troops already patrol the buffer zone, which Israel set up in 1985 to guard against guerrilla attacks on northern towns.
Timur Goksel, a representative for the U.N. monitoring force in southern Lebanon, said U.N. forces are not detected any unusual military moves.
Maj. Gen. Yitzhak Mordechai, commander of Israel's northern forces, said that Israeli tanks had not moved north of the security zone. He refused to discuss more tanks were sent into the zone.
Israeli planes, helicopters, gunboats and howitzers struck at numerous suspected guerrilla targets in Lebanon on Monday.
Yesterday, the warplanes staged two separate raids in eastern Lebanon's Beka Valley apparently in response to the rocket attack that killed the teen-age Ukrainian immigrant and wounded five people in the Israeli border town of Kiryat Shiponh.
Police said Israel gunners intermilters sheltered villages in southern Lebanon and the western Bekna Valley with 155mm howitzers, causing hundreds of people to flee.
Cars crammed with refugees and beds and mattresses tied on top streamed along roads leading to the coastal cities of Tyre and Sidon, where buildings are equipped with air raid shelters.
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LESLIE.
Happy Three Years, Darling. I'm really glad we've grown so close. You've been the source of all my happiness for such a long time. I couldn't have survived without you. I'm so proud of what we've become, and I am really anxious to spend the rest of my life with you! I LOVE YOU!
~MIKE