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GRE Classes start 10/6 CALL 1-800 KAP-TEST www.kaplan.com Nation/World World Leader in Test Prep Missile strike secretively planned WASHINGTON โ€” Most members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff were unaware of the planning for the Aug. 20 cruise missile strike on suspected terrorist strongholds in Afghanistan and Sudan until days before the weapons were launched, defense officials confirmed yesterday. Planning methods OK, Pentagon says The Pentagon defended its highly secretive and compartmented approach to the raid as appropriate to the sensitivity of the mission and in conformance with the military chain of command. The Associated Press Last-minute recommendations by the service chiefs resulted in one proposed target being deleted as too risky. And after the raid, service chiefs have voiced no objections to the short notice they were given, said senior defense officials who spoke on condition of anonymity. The Aug. 20 Tomahawk missile strikes hit a purported terrorist training camp in Afghanistan and the Al Shifa pharmaceutical factory in Khartoum, Sudan. President Clinton said the Khartoum raid was justified because evidence of a nerve gas component had been found at the plant. Sudanese officials and some critics in the United States have questioned the validity of the evidence linking the plant to terrorist activity. An article in this week's New Yorker magazine by investigative writer Seymour Hersh said the White House overruled Attorney General Janet Reno when she questioned whether evidence linking Islamic extremist Osama bin Laden to the bombings of two U.S. embassies in Africa was strong enough to justify retaliatory attacks. It also said the White House kept planning for raids so secret that only the chairman of the five-member Joint Chiefs of Staff and FBI Director Louis Freeh learned of the strikes a matter of days before the missiles were launched. Some elements of Hersh's article had been published previously, including the small circle of officials who were involved with Reno: Questioned evidence concerning bombing. strike planning โ€” Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, national security adviser Sandy Berger, Defense Secretary William Cohen, Army Gen. Henry H. Shelton, chairman of the Joint Chiefs; CIA Director George Tenet and Marine Gen. Anthony Zinni, head of the U.S. Central Command, which is responsible for military operations in the Mideast. Under the 1988 Goldwater-Nichols act, military strike decisions go to the president from the four-star field commanders who head U.S. military operations in several geographic regions. Participation of the service chiefs in military operations planning is not required under the law. Army Lt. Gen, Patrick Hughes, head of the Defense Intelligence Agency, was not consulted before the raid, and the administration had considered and then rejected striking a suspected chemical weapons facility outside Khartoum, Sudan, because of its proximity to a diplomatic residential neighborhood. "As is appropriate for any sensitive military operation, planning was limited to those who needed to be involved," Pentagon representative Kenneth Bacon said in a statement. U.S. envoy seeks peaceful solution in Kosovo The Associated Press BELGRADE, Yugoslavia โ€” WITH NATO attacks said to be only days away, a top U.S. envoy arrived yesterday with an 11th-hour warning to Yugoslavia's president to halt the crackdown on ethnic Albanians in Kosovo or face air strikes. Richard Holbrooke began talks with Slobodan Milosevic yesterday evening after arriving from Brussels, Belgium, where he met with senior NATO officials. Before boarding a plane for Belgrade, Holbrooke said conditions in the southern Serbian province had not improved. Holbrookne negotiated the peace deal with Milosevic and other Balkan leaders that ended the 31/2-year Bosnian war in 1995. In Washington, President Clinton said Milosevic was making false promises to avoid NATO military strikes. As Holbrooke tried to resolve the crisis through negotiations, British Foreign Secretary Robin Cook said a decision on NATO military action was imminent. "We are getting ready for NATO action, and later this week we will expect a decision to be taken," Cook said after a special session of the Cabinet called by Prime Minister Tony Blair. In Brussels, NATO officials said they were ready to launch air strikes within hours of receiving an order to attack. At the United Nations, Secretary-General Kofi Annan said Yugoslavian forces had increased their attacks on Kosovo's ethnic Albanians even after a U.N. resolution demanded a cease-fire. In a report to the Security Council, Annan said it was clear that Yugoslavian forces were responsible for the bulk of human rights violations. Ethnic Albanians in Kosovo are seeking autonomy as they had until 1989, if not independence, from Yugoslavia. Albanians in the province outnumber Serbs 9-to-1. Meanwhile, Yugoslavia's prime minister told the parliament yesterday that the country was faced with the danger of war. The prime minister also said "I call on this parliament to conclude that Yugoslavia is faced with the imminent danger of war. Yugoslavia has to defend itself if it was attacked," Prime Minister Momir Bulatovic said. there was no more fighting in Kosovo. He said five of the 10 special police units had been removed from the province. Some army units remain in the field, and there is fear among refugees that violence will resume.