Scholar Views Caesar's Rise
By Robert Henry
Julius Caesar was portrayed last night as a dictator who rose to power on the strength of his appeal to the common people of Rome, his feeling that he was divine, his military genius, and his lack of scruples.
The assessment came from William McDermott, professor of classical studies at the University of Pennsylvania. Prof. McDermott's address was the second of this year's Humanities Lecture series.
"Only an outstanding man such as Caesar could have created such an imperial policy," Prof. McDermott said. He credited Caesar with bridging the gap between a stable Roman Republic and a stagnate and weak empire which could be overthrown by the barbarians.
IN DISCUSSING THE ANATOMY of Caesar's rise to the dictatorship, Prof. McDermott pointed to a number of influencing factors which pointed the way for Caesar.
The fact that he was of patrician or noble ancestry played a part. The Julian family was traditionally linked with kings and Gods, Prof. McDermott said.
Thus his family was intimately associated with the ruling oligarchy of the Roman Republic by tradition. Prof. McDermott, said
DESPITE HIS PATRICIAN BACKGROUND, Caesar saw the wisdom of appealing to the masses for popular support, yet he protected himself by also maintaining conservative connections, Prof. McDermott said.
The Pennsylvania professor indicated that the fact Caesar assumed the "toga of manhood" at age 15, when his father died, was a factor in his rise to power. He learned early to assume responsibility and command, Prof. McDermott said.
Quickly after the loss of his father, Caesar married the daughter of the leader of the popular party, thus endearing himself further to that faction which opposed the Roman senatorial party. He used his wife's relatives, Prof. McDermott said, to help in his political climb.
AS A RESULT OF HIS GROWING POLITICAL IMPORTANCE, he was appointed priest of Jupiter, an important post in a government which linked politics and religion. Prof. McDermott said that he soon lost this post when the senatorial faction regained power.
Despite this loss of power, Prof McDermott thinks that Caesar may have regarded himself as the priest of Jupiter all his life.
In 63 B.C. he was elected pontifex maximus, another extremely important religious position. Prof. McDermott said his election was brought about by Caesar bribing his way to office.
"This may indicate that Caesar looked upon himself as favored by fate and somewhat divine," he said.
62nd Year, No.44
Daily hansan
Weather
There were indications the chief executive would reaffirm the nation's hard line and demand payment of the Soviet share or move to derive the Russians of a vote in the UN assembly.
The weather bureau -redicts continued cloudy and cool weather tonight and tomorrow with intermittent rain or drizzle. The low tonight will be 30-35 degrees.
Johnson arranged a conference (at 1 p.m. EST) with Secretary of State Dean Rusk, UN Ambassador Adlai Stevenson and Assistant Secretary of State Harlan Cleveland to discuss the financial deadlock and other UN matters.
KU Tourneys
AMERICAN OFFICIALS said they believed the U.S. position would be supported on a showdown vote
"We're on a collision course," said one state department official.
The SUA table tennis tournament now in progress has an international air about it.
Johnson Calls Advisers On Russia's U.N. Debt
Ping Pong Goes International
A clash is expected Dec. 1 at the opening of the 20th UN general assembly in New York City unless the United States or Russia backs down on the issue.
WASHINGTON — (UPI)— President Johnson called in his top diplomatic advisers today toulan U.S. strategy for a fast-approaching crisis with the Soviet Union over United Nations financing.
The future of the world organization may be at stake in the money-bag showdown between the two great powers over Russia's refusal to pay more than $54 million in past due assessments for UN peace-keeping forces in the Congo and Middle East.
LAWRENCE, KANSAS
Of the 24 entries in the singles division of the tournament, the two finalists are Chinese, and students from Sierra Leone and the Philippines were entered in the beginning competition.
Wednesday, Nov. 18, 1964
"We expect around 15 teams to be entered. Competition begins at 7 p.m. in the Union Ballroom and all interested students are invited to attend," he said.
"The competition has been in the men's division," Hitt said, "because the women's tournament is being co-sponsored by the Women's Recreation Association at a later date."
THE WINNERS and students placing high will be considered for the KU team which will compete against other schools at a regional tournament" Bascom Fearing, director of recreation and manager of the Jav Bowl said.
Tonight, Sam Liu and Chukoa-La will play each other in the finals of the singles division. The tournament is double elimination.
Doubles competition will also be held tonight, Alan Hitt, Lawrence sophomore and chairman of the tournament said.
IN THE FINAL round of the double elimination tournament, Sam Liu, who is undefeated, and Chukoa-Lo who has but one loss will compete for first place. In order to win, Chukoa-Lo has to win 2 games over Liu because a person must be defeated twice to be disqualified from the tournament.
Last year's winner, Bill Roe,
Atchinson junior, was defeated by
both the finalists in the semifinal round of play.
"Although the tournament will be carried out to determine the winning places," Fearing said, "The actual team members will not be selected until late in January."
"Bowling competition for men followed about five years ago, then bowling for women. The regional tournament was established about 6 years ago, and table tennis and chess competition have been added since that time." Fearing said.
"THE BILLIARDS tournament is the oldest of the tournaments." Fearing said. "It was in existence although not in the same form, before we opened the Jay Bowl 13 years ago."
The students who place higness are coached and involved in competitive practice throughout the semester. The final team members are chosen after they have received competitive experience.
"Billiards and bowling regional
The two day tournament features simultaneous competition in bowling, table tennis, billiards, and chess. There are several divisions within the individual sports such as a singles and doubles division in table tennis, and a men's and women's team division in bowling.
THE TOURNAMENT, sponsored by the Association of College Unions, is entering its fourth year of regional competition. It will be held at Kansas State University Feb. 12 and 13.
Members are selected for these teams through individual tournaments sponsored by the Student Union Activities during the fall semester.
winners go on to national competition," Fearing said. "National contests in table tennis and chess have not been held because an organization has not been found who would be willing to pay the expenses for the tournament. I expect national tournaments in these sports to be organized soon," he said.
"Before the regional tournaments were held, the winners in the various divisions were determined by the students competing in their own unions and sending the scores into a committee who then compared the scores and determined the winners." Fearing said.
"The billiards competitors have already been chosen as a result of a tournament earlier this year," Fearing said.
"Bowling competition goes on continuously with a continuous tournament of teams from the various living groups."
"The table tennis tournament is midway in operations at the moment, with part of the tournament Monday night, and the remainder to be tonight," Alan Hitt, Lawrence sophomore and tournament chairman said.
SUA SPONSORS the teams for the regional tournaments.
"THE CHESS competition has been operating since the first of the year and is now down to its third and fourth place play-offs," Charles Gish, president of the Chess Club said. "Six players are involved, and they must play each other twice before the winner can be decided. The tournament is held on Sunday afternoons at the Union."
in the assembly, even though many nations triving to preserve neutrality in the East-West conflict would probably abstain.
Under a provision of the UN charter, Russia could lose its assembly vote for being two years behind in paving assessments. U.S. sources said, however, they doubted Russia would allow this to happen.
Eager to avoid a Soviet-American clash, several African nations are supporting a compromise proposal. This would allow the Soviet Union and other nations in arrears to make "voluntary" contributions to a senate fund and thus escape the penalty for non-payment—loss of a vote.
SO FAR, THE new Soviet regime has followed the line laid down by ex-Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev that assessments must be approved
bv the UN Security Council, where Russia has the vote, and not bv the General Assembly as was the case in the Congo and Mid-East missions.
U.S., Soviets Sign Atomic Use Treaty
The United States showed firmness Monday in declaring it would make no pledge at this time to contribute to the 1965 UN technical aid program for developing nations. In the past, US donations accounted for 40 per cent of all contributions.
MOSCOW — (UPI)— The United States and the Soviet Union today signed a two-year agreement to use atomic energy to help find economical ways of producing fresh water from the oceans.
The treaty calls for a wide range of cooperation and data exchange between the two countries, including results in using nuclear power in desalting sea water.
If Johnson continues this course and the Russians still refuse to pick up, the United Nations could disintegrate from lack of funds for both its technical aid and policing missions.
U. S. ambassador Foy D. Kohler said at a formal signing ceremony the agreement "symbolizes progress in the search for normal and cooperative relationship between our two governments."
Foreign Minister Andrei A. Gromyko signed for the Soviet Union
THE AGREEMENT was the second pact to be signed by the United States with the new Soviet leaders who ousted Nikita Khrushchev as premier Oct. 14. Previously, the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA) signed an agreement Nov. 5 with the Soviet Academy of Sciences to exchange weather data.
Despite the serious nature of the disroute, one U.S. source said there was a glimmer of hope that the Russians would accept some compromise to avoid an oven clash.
U. S. presidential science adviser Donal F. Hornig, who signed the pact along with Kohler, said finding new fresh water sources is of "tremendous" scientific importance.
Gromyko said at the signing ceremony that the pact is "a good and useful thing—a positive step in relations between our countries and in international relations."
Results Out On English Pro
Results of the English Proficiency Test were announced yesterday by James E. Seaver, director of Western Civilization.
The names of those that passed are inside beginning on page 3.
For those whose names do not appear on the list, a writing clinic is being offered to improve writing technique.
The class is not formal but is a refresher tailored to the individual needs of the students.
The instructors have all the failing papers which are used as a basis to improve the individual weaknesses. Usually these weaknesses can be corrected.
The clinic is offered at 2:30 p.m. on Tuesdays and Thursdays under the direction of John R. Wilson, assistant instructor of English, and at 3:30 Wednesdays and Fridays under William Carpenter, assistant instructor of English. They are held in Lindley Annex.
"IT WOULD BE good if with the help of the United States a decision could be achieved for using atomic energy only for peaceful purposes. The Soviet Union will do its utmost in this direction—to get a solution to international problems and lessen world tension and better relations between our two countries and strengthen peace," he said.
Later, chatting with Kohler, Gromyko said, "Mr. Ambassador, it's nice to meet you here. Why don't we get together and add another agreement to this one we are signing."
Red Chinese Plan H-Bomb
LONDON — (UPI) — Red China was reported today to be nearer to exploding a hydrogen device than previously had been thought feasible by either the West or Russia.
Diplomatic reports reaching here said Red China, to all appearances, has reached the technical stage in nuclear development which immediately precedes a hydrogen explosion. The Chinese exploded their first crude nuclear device last month.
Peking was said to have made surorising headway in the nuclear field.
There was no official indication as to when the Chinese may stage their first hydrogen test. But Chinese scientists are believed to have cut the time lag between a first nuclear explosion and a hydrogen test possibly by two or three years.
The Russians claim they were as much surprised as the West by Peking's technical advance, which was made at least partly despite the withdrawal of Soviet experts and the withholding of Soviet technical know-how several years ago.
The authoritative British Institute for Strategic Studies, in its latest assessment of East-West military strength, said that Chinese Communist nuclear technology is "apparently considerably more advanced" than it was generally supposed.
The latest reports foreshadowing Red China's accelerated advance toward a hydrogen bomb were based on air samplings made after Peking's first nuclear explosion on Oct. 16.
These reports indicated that Peking had taken a shortcut toward the hydrogen bomb.
The sampling was said to have disclosed the presence of uranium 237, and to have been indicative of considerable technical progress.