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University Daily Kansan / Thursday, August 29, 1991
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Study says higher stress levels raise chances of catching colds
BOSTON — The stress of such problems as losing a job, breaking off an engagement or simply feeling overwhelmed by life's burdens nearly doubles the risk of catching a cold, a study has found.
The Associated Press
"It is the first evidence for an association between stress and a biologically verifiable infectious disease," said the study's director, Sheldon Cohen of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.
Some experts have long believed that chronic stress weakens people's defenses against disease. But while circumstantial evidence of this idea has built up in recent years, there has been some doubt that stress actually makes people sick.
Now a unique, carefully conducted study suggests just this: When otherwise healthy people are equally stressed, their stress are more likely to catch them.
"I think it is one of the very best pieces of work ever conducted in this area," said Janice Kiecoll-Glaser of Ohio State University.
The study exposed 394 volunteers to equal doses of five different cold bugs. Typically in such experiments, about 35 percent to 40 percent come down with the sniffles.
This study, however, showed that the risk is strongly associated with the amount of stress people encounter in their daily lives. Among those under most stress, 47 percent caught up with 27percent under the least stress.
The study was conducted at the Medical Research Council Common Cold Unit in Salisbury, England, and has been published in the New England Journal of Medicine.
The researchers calculated a number of teachers' teach- ment and questioning such an issue.
burdensome events during the previous year as moving, being fired, changing jobs, having a child, getting an abortion, suffering a burglary or experiencing a death in the family. They also asked if the volunteers had trouble coping with life's demands as well as whether they often felt such dark emotions as anger, depression, nervousness and guilt.
Among the findings:
The more stress in people's lives, the more likely they were to become infected by cold viruses.
—Stress raised the chance of catching all five viruses tested; the coronavirus, the respiratory syncytial virus and three different types of rhinovirus.
- Personality differences could not explain the findings, nor could differences in such factors as age, diet, smoking habits, exercise or drinking.
In an accompanying editorial, Morton N. Swart of Massachusetts General Hospital cautioned against making too much of the findings.
"The size of the effect suggests that the clinical importance of this relation may be limited," he wrote, and the patient was often able to easy way to treat or prevent colds.
Links between the mind and the immune system have been sought by several teams of researchers in recent years.
Some have found that people's disease-fighting blood cells seem sluggish under stress. But they have not been shown to cause depression of immunity with real illness.
Others have found hints that people with stressful lives are more likely to get sick. But the illnesses could result from stress-related bad habits, such as smoking, drinking and sleepless nights, not the effects of stress itself.
The new study attempted to cope with these uncertainties by enrolling healthy people and purposely exos-
Stress encourages the common cold
394 healthy people were given nose drops containing cold virus; those who were under the most stress got the most colds:
Psychological stress index
Stress index is a measure of:
* Major stress events in past year with negative effects on person's state of mind
* Feelings that current stresses exceed person's ability to cope
* Current negative feelings (distress, sadness, anger, etc.)
* Not all developed cold symptoms SOURCE: New England Journal of Medicine, Carnegie Mellon University
Knight-Ridder Tribune News
ing them to viruses that cause colds in a live-in laboratory.
The new work adds one piece to a longstanding medical puzzle: why some people catch diseases that are going around and others do not.
"We are exposed to viruses every day, but we don't get a cold every time." Cohen said.
New cancer drug's promise excites researchers
The Associated Press
drugs may be effective against a wide range of cancers.
He said that the drugs are in only limited use in humans and are not yet available to the public.
NEW YORK — Lung cancer and leukemia have been treated effectively in initial human trials with a drug that makes cancer cells grow up and behave themselves, a chemist said yesterday.
Ronald Breslow of Columbia University reported at the American Cancer Society's national meeting that laboratory studies show these new
"It's a new approach to cancer treatment, but no headline cancer cure," he said. "We're really excited about the prospects, but I don't want to oversell where we are. We don't want to stimulate false hope."
Breslow explained that cancer cells resemble immature versions or normal cells. The drugs are able to trigger maturation of the cells into cells more closely resembling normal cells, eliminating the symptoms of cancer.
Dr. John Laszlo, senior vice-president for research, said that the important concept was that cancer cells could revert to normal properties.
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Three reasons to talk to your parents about buying a Macintosh $ ^{\textcircled{8}} $ .
WHY?
1. It's easy to use.
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The Apple Macintosh systems are useful to all majors in college. No matter what you do,you can do it better using Apple Macintosh.
After graduation, your Macintosh system will adapt easily by adding new software and equipment to fit your changing needs. You can count on Apple Macintosh to keep you on the cutting edge of technology.
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Macintosh prices are lower than ever—especially with the Back-to-School Bundles and coupons offered by the KU Bookstores right here on campus.
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