People's Will Realized in Gambian Independence
For U.S. students it is the "4th of July"; but for Swaebou Conateh, KU freshman from Gambia, it shall henceforth be the "18th of February" when his country celebrates Independence Day.
It was a solemn affair last night as about 50 people, African Club members and guests, jointed Conateh in celebrating his country's independence.
Garbed in his blue, nylon-type Waramba (tribal robe) and his brown tengato (cone-shaped hat of straw and leather). Sonateh related, in a voice at times breaking with emotion, his sentiments on
"this memorable occasion for me and my people."
"WE HAVE BEEN told that we are small in size and in population. We have been told that our country's resources are limited. Yet we claim our independence and today our aspiration is a living fact," Conateh said.
"In a world of economic chaos and political instability, this does not seem right. But it is the will of the people, and a people's will to be free cannot be kept back by such considerations," he continued.
"Centuries ago, a man of pure conviction, here in America said.
'Give me liberty or give me death!', Conateh went on. "His words are immortal and so is freedom. So are the shots that rang out in the streets of Boston to free America and to haunt the world even to this day, this Thursday of my country's freedom.
"But our story did not just start today," he said. "Our people's enduring spirit lasted through centuries of foreign rule preceded by days of freedom . . . when as far back as the 5th century B.C. Gambia was part of the early West African empires of Ghana, Mali and Songhay . . . and carried on extensive trade with the Arabic states across the Sahara."
RELATING THE advent of British rule, Conateh said, "The British reached the Gambian River in 1587. Their first settlement was made on James Island in 1661—the first in Africa. Today, Gambia is Britain's last West African colony to gain independence.
"Then in 1889," Conateh continued, "Britain and France drew Gambia's boundaries. By the stroke of the pen, a piece of land, 28 miles wide and 250 miles long, became the British colony of Gambia and its people were finally cut off from their relatives and fellow tribesmen in the longer territory of Senegal, which now surrounds us on three sides."
The process of bringing Gambia under control was not an easy task. Conateh said. "By 1902, the last of the chiefs was conquered and deposed on the principles of justice. A young Gambian playwright now writes, 'What you call justice . . . caused me to sell the lives of my race, my color and my blood . . . that same justice of yours which laid waste my land,' he said.
Praising British humanism
Swaebou said, "The fight for free-
(Continued on page 12)
Daily Hansan
LAWRENCE, KANSAS
62nd Year, No.83
Seventh Coup
Saigon Taken by Rebels
SAIGON —(UPI)— Rebellious troops seized Saigon today in a coup against Lt. Gen. Nguyen Khanh, South Viet Nam's military strongman. Khanh ordered in three battalions of paratroopers to blast the rebels out of the capital.
Friday, Feb. 19, 1965
Some leaders of the coup were identified as Roman Catholics, giving rise to fears that the revolt would stir up new political-religious strife with militant Buddhist elements.
Broadcasts over the rebel-controlled government radio accused the Buddhist hierarchy of "undisciplined conduct" and trying to establish "a nation within a nation."
THE COUP was the seventh in Viet Nam within less than 16 months since the overthrow of President Ngo Dinh Diem, who was assassinated.
Khanh told U.S. officials he ordered the loyal soldiers to move into the city to recapture military points held by the rebel commanders.
Khanh's threat to force the rebels out of the city came hours later amid reports that air force Commander Nguyen Cao Ky had gone to Bien Hoa airbase-a point from which his planes could participate in a counter coup.
The rebels moved into Saigon about 1 p.m. taking control of the airport and other key points. A rebel broadcast earlier claimed that Khanh had been arrested and would be tried for "endangered national security and plotting a neutralist policy."
KY USED HIS squadrons of fighter-bombers to stop a similar revolt against Khanh last September.
Vietnamese air force Skyraider fighter-bombers roared back and forth over the city in the early evening after flares had been dropped over all of the military objectives in rebel hands.
The commander of the coup appeared to be Gen. Lam Van Phat. Indications earlier were that Col. Pham Ngoc Thao was behind the revolt.
Gen. Phat was one of the leaders of the revolt which Ky and Khanh crushed in September. He was subsequently cashiered out of the army.
KHANH MET twice this afternoon with Gen. William C. Westmoreland, commander of the U.S. forces in South Viet Nam, and told him firmly that he would retake Saigon.
Initial rebel broadcasts by Thao said he was acting on behalf of Lt. Gen. Tran Thien Khiem, South Viet Nam's ambassador to the United States in Washington.
Thao claimed the full backing of the Vietnamese armed forces for the attempt to oust Khanh and replace him with Khiem.
In Washington Khiem said the overthrow of Khanh would help the war against the Communists and said he would return to Viet Nam immediately "if they want me." He said Khanh "tried to be a dictator and engaged in political maneuvers to keep opposition to his regime from gaining power."
THE U.S. Embassy here issued a statement saying that the coup was apparently not aimed at overthrowing the three-day-old government of Premier Phan Huy Quat.
"As we understand it, the coup leaders are not against the government but only against Khanh," the embassy statement said. "Therefore, there appears to be no basic change in the government."
Khanh, as commander in chief of the armed forces and head of the powerful Armed Forces Council, installed Quat as premier last Tuesday.
ONE OF KHAN'H'S bodyguards told UPI that Khanh came out of the house and talked briefly to the troops. Then he went, back inside and remained there. Troops stood guard around the building.
Other troops surrounded the home of air force commander Nguyen Cao Ky, the officer who saved Khanh from a similar coup last September and who led South Vietnamese air raids on staging areas in North Viet Nam.
In his radio broadcast, Thao said Khanh was engaged in "too much political intrigue." He accused Khanh of "changing the government every two weeks."
Other broadcast communiques appeared to justify the regime of President Ngo Dinh Diem, South Viet Nam's last popularly elected chief executive. Diem was overthrown and assassinated in a coup in November, 1963.
Reinstated Sorority Pledges 58
Fifty-eight women pledged Alpha Gamma Delta, international women's social fraternity, last night in a ceremony at the Holiday Inn.
Miss Emily Taylor, dean of women, announced that one junior, 47 freshmen and 10 sophomore women were selected by the sorority.
ALPHA GAMMA Delta left the KU campus in 1938 during the depression. The sorority began re-organization this fall. Rush parties were conducted following rush week activities of the other KU sororities.
The pledge banquet will be Monday, March 1, in the Kansas Union. Members of the Topeka and Kansas City alumnae clubs will attend the banquet.
Weekly meetings of Alpha Gamma Delta will be in the Jayhawk Room of the Union until permanent headquarters are established. JoAnn My-
Mrs. Dennis Foxworthy, Edmond, Okla., and member of the international committee on membership and rushing, and Mrs. Robert Ryan, grand treasurer of Alpha Gamma Delta, were in charge of the rush parties.
rick, chapter visitor, will spend March in Lawrence to assist the pledges in fraternity education and selection of officers.
Mrs. Sydney O. Schroeder, president of the Lawrence alumnae organization, said tentative plans call for initiation in May.
ACTIVE members of Alpha Gamma Delta presently on campus include Theora Weddingfeld, Norfolk, Neb., senior, Dorothy Ensinger, Moran sophomore, Arlette Elefant, Akron, Ohio, graduate student, and Anne Moore, Kansas City, Mo., graduate student. Mrs. Raymond Woods. El Dorado senior, is also helping with the reinstatement of Alpha Gamma Delta.
Sophomore pledges are: Nancy Rebecca Brown, Arcaidia; Mary Anne Browne, Arcaidia; Belleville; Sandra Carol Graham, Kansas City, Mo.; Gwynn Ann Jennings; Bartlesville, Okla.; Anny Lynne Kobler; Lucas Lukens, Wichita; Lee Ann Nechvah, Cicero, Ill.; Sharon L. Smith, Garnett; and Jeanne L. Spiker, St. Louis, Mo.
The junior pledge is Penelope Anne Leonard of Kansas City, Mo.
freshman pledges are:
Arkwood, Mo.
June Harper Barnes, Shawne Mission.
Janet Bradley, Topeka; Emily Jeat Buffon, Topeka; Sallie Jane Cannon, Topeka; Susan Maneo, Wamego; Barbara Do Claypool, Kansas City; Sharon Lee Cobb, Garden City; Nicki Faye Cooper, Overland Park; Nikki Faye Cooper, Overland Park; Georgeanne Cooper, Leaword; Christine Marie Cornellus, Leawood; Jachalyn Kissel, Leawood; Mo.; Mary Kay Dial, Austin, Texas.
Nancy Anne Diehl, Fort Scott; Mary Katherine Edmonds, Moline, Ill.; Bar- Marlaine Erickson, Bendale, Iowa; Marlaine Louay, Kane Island; Janis Louis Hale, Tyoper, Teaaron; Harrison, Wichita; Carol Raye Holtsclaw, Wichita; Nedra Jeanne Hoy, Web loves. Mo.; Mary Lynn Johnson, Des Moines, Iowa; Barbara Ann Larson, Topeka.
Gail Diane Logan, Jacksonville, Fla.
Minida Sue Lobro, Shawnee Mission;
Missouri Sue Lobro, Shawnee Mission;
Ethel McKeen, Shawnee Mission; Nancy
Middleton, Kansas City, Mo.; Susan Dor-
ner, Kansas City, Mo.; Susan Dor-
ner, Lawrence; Connie Lynn Obertio,
Prairie Village; Jeannie R. Padden, iolon;
Famela JoAnne Peterson, Merriam;
Susan Sabetha; Jeanne Ann
Purcell. Wichita.
Virginia Sue Purtle, Fort Scott; Nancy Jean Ridenour, Topeka; Elen Ellogar, Cynthia Vall, Overland Park, Greetisha VanLandingham, Excelci Springs, Mo.; Dianne Kay Walter, Moline, Ill.; Ruth JoAnn Warrell, Kansas City; Gwendolyn Witers, Mission; Susan Cheryl Woodside, Shawnee Mission.
Bomb Threat Hoaxes Hit Two Dormitories
More than 1,000 men residents of Templin and Ellsworth Halls were evacuated late last night after bomb threats were received by residence directors.
Lee Hawke, residence director of the 10-story, two-year-old Ellsworth Hall, received an anonymous phone call at about 11:20 p.m. last night.
THE CALLER or callers said bombs were to explode at about 11:40
Douglas Here Feb.24
William O. Douglas, associate justice of the Supreme Court, will speak at KU at 8:15 p.m. Wednesday in Hoch Auditorium.
It was inadvertently reported in yesterday's Kansan that Justice Douglas would be here Thursday.
The 66-year-old, liberal-minded justice will speak on "The Rule of Law and Survival."
ASC Distributing New Constitutions
The printing cost of the recently compiled All Student Council constitution will be a little more than originally estimated, according to Bob Stewart, Vancouver, B.C., senior and student body president.
The University allotted $300 for printing the ASC constitution last fall.
Mike Miner, Lawrence senior and ASC chairman, said the total cost would be between $320 and $340.
Given to council members at the last ASC meeting, the constitution has nine bills that were excluded. George Tannous, Lebanon junior, said the excluded bills had either been delayed or are waiting for the Chancellor's signature.
THE UNSIGNED bills will be printed and should be available at the end of this week or hopefully at the end of next week, Tannous said.
The Human Rights bill, which is unsigned by the Chancellor, will not be included in the new constitution, according to Tannous.
Approximately 60 copies of the constitution, containing 21 bills and 81 pages, were distributed to council members.
Miner said that extra copies would be available for anyone interested. The council will decide at the next meeting whether the copies will be for sale or rent.
"We can now just afford the constitutions," said Miner, "although we've had to cut a few corners."
Weather
Fair and mild through Saturday. Westerly winds five to 15 miles per hour. Today's high around 60 and tonight's temperature around the low thirties, the weather bureau said.
p. m. and again about midnight in both Templin and Elsworth.
Hawke immediately notified the KU Traffic and Security Office and the residence directors of Templin Hall.
Both halls, which stand at either end of Engel Road on the crest of Daisy Hill at the west end of the campus, were immediately evacuated.
Residents of both halls streamed down the steps and onto the lawns surrounding the four occupied residence halls.
Other men students, barefooted and clad in nightwear, waited in cars in the hall parking lots while a 45-minute search of the two halls was conducted by police and residence directors.
Almost 300 men gathered outside Lewis Women's Residence Halls. Women stood in the large windows of Lewis Hall's lounges until they were asked to leave by residence directors and hall officers. Hashinger Women's Residence Hall allowed men to enter its lobby to keep warm.
LOUNGES, kitchens and dining areas in Ellsworth and in six-story Temple Hall were searched until 12:30 a.m. today.
Men were then allowed to return to their rooms to check them. Both searches proved uneventful.
E. P. Moomau, chief of campus police, said this morning officials of the city and county law enforcement departments have been asked to aid in an investigation of the incident.
Moomau said officials had no leads as to the source of the calls.
Just last Wednesday firemen rushed to the Daisy Hill area to put out a fire in a tool shed behind McColumb Hall, a new men's residence hall still under construction at the end of Engel Road.
No irregularities were suspected in the fire, officials said. It was believed to have been caused by a heater.
April 14 Set As "Ad Day 1965"
Advertising Day, 1965, will be April 14, Carl Williams, Wichita sophomore and vice-president of Alpha Delta Sigma, national professional advertising fraternity, has announced.
Advertising Day is an annual feature of ADS, provided to give KU students the opportunity to listen to and meet professional people in the world of advertising.
A task force from the American Association of Advertising Agencies is scheduled to speak this year, Williams said. The A.A.A.A. task force is an educational team of professional advertising men representing top advertising agencies in the country.
All students are invited to attend Advertising Day activities. Ad Day is scheduled to begin at 8:30 Wednesday morning, April 14.