Page 8 University Daily Kansan Thursday. March 22. 1963
De Gaulle Stands Hard Against Allies
By Phil Newsom
UPI Foreign News Analyst
PARIS—If or when peace truly is restored to Algeria, President Charles de Gaulle will be able to give full sway to his dreams of "La Grandeur De La France."
These are the dreams which, even as France lay prostrate in the midst of World War II, caused Sir Winston Churchill and the late President Roosevelt to throw up their hands in despair.
THEY LED CHURCHILL to say that of all the crosses he had to
bear the "Cross of Lorraine" which De Gaulle had made his symbol was the heaviest.
DE GAULLE walked alone in those days of crisis and he walks alone in these days of crisis, his dream of French grandeur as enduring now as then.
Partly as result of these dreams, peace in Algeria may be expected to see an increase in the strains which already exist between De Gaulle and his allies, particularly the United States.
De Gaulle is determined that French defenses depend only upon herself, and upon no alliances or single ally.
BE IS EQUALLY DETERMINED that French leadership in Western Europe re-assert itself after 40 years of decline.
De Gaulle is determined that France shall have its own nuclear striking force and he is deeply angered by U.S. opposition.
A high French official made clear in strong language less than a month ago that Franco-U.S. relations would remain unsettled so long as the United States maintained its present position. The French demand equal treatment with the British as a nuclear nation.
While tradition and necessity binds the United States and France as allies, there are other deep differences between the two nations.
DE GAULLE IS CONTEMPTUOUS of the United Nations, which remains a keystone of U.S. foreign policy.
He has remained aloof from U.S. exploratory talks with the Soviet Union over Berlin, and he has boycotted the disarmament talks in Geneva.
For each of these actions he has similar reasons—that the Russians have shown no desire to settle problems which they themselves created, and that their only clear objective is to obtain a propaganda forum by which to influence or frighten world opinion.
DE GAULLE ALSO DIS-
approves of U.S. actions in South
East Asia.
But perhaps the deepest difference of all springs from his determination to build his own nuclear force, which meets opposition even within France.
These opposition forces and the United States regard such a program as an unnecessary and heavy burden on the French economy.
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Foreign students needing rides to Wichita for the foreign student festival during the spring vacation are requested to telephone the People-to-People office.
Any foreign student who needs a place to stay in Lawrence over the vacation is also asked to call the office.
Sharon Foster, Birmingham, Mich. junior and hospitality chairman of P-t-P, asks that students who could give foreign students rides to Wicnita or who could accommodate the students in their homes during vacation also call the P-t-P office.
Western Alliance Is Tested In Current Berlin Struggle
LONDON—(UPI)—Berlin, the focal point in the current world wide East-West struggle, has become a major test of the Western alliance.
Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev considers divided Berlin a "bone stuck in the Communist throat" and a cancerous tumor that should be eradicated from the heart of Europe.
The United States, Britain and France stand committed to the defense of West Berlin as a "lighthouse of freedom in the darkness of the totalitarian sea."
The conflict over Berlin has brought East and West to the brink of war three times since the end of World War II and has put the Allies to a two-fold test:
- To stand fast and together against continued Communist attempts to oust the West from Berlin, and
- To maintain a united policy on how best to go about it.
Until now, Western firmness has stood the test and stood it well in the face of adverse circumstances.
Britain and France have endorsed this policy stand and NATO, the West's principal defense alignment
On July 25, 1961, President John F. Kennedy warned the Russians: "We cannot and will not permit the Communists to drive us out of Berlin, either gradually or by force."
Russia, meanwhile, has tried to interest West Germany in a separate deal bypassing the Western Big Three.
France, which considers the Berlin crisis artificially stirred by Russia, has regarded negotiations as a waste of time and effort until Russia changes it tune. West Germany, caught between her major allies, has sided in principle with the United States strategy.
The British foreign office put it this way: "If Soviet Russia managed to break the will and nerve of the Western nations over Berlin, its rulers might draw the conclusion that the whole of Western Europe, perhaps the whole world, lay open to their demands.
"For the Western Allies, free Berlin is the symbol, the evidence and the acid test of their unity, strength and determination. It has become in a real sense the keystone of the defensive arch of NATO."
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"PAST HISTORY shows that if any man, or any country, gets into this state of mind, war inevitably follows in the end."
The West's troubles over Berlin are by no means over, but the signs are the Allies can hold their own there — unless Khrushchev is prepared to go to war over the city. Most informed experts on Communist affairs do not think he will. He knows force would be met with force.
THE BIG THREE of the Western alliance have differed over how best to tackle the Berlin problem in the diplomatic field.
stands committed as a whole to defense of the city.
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The United States and Britain have maintained the necessity for sounding out the Soviets to determine whether there is a basis for negotiating a more permanent Berlin settlement. This "probing" began in Moscow early this year by U.S. Ambassador Llewellyn Thompson.
One reason for continued Allied firmness on Berlin was defined by a U.S. State Department publication in these terms:
BUT THE DIFFERENCES among the Allies seem largely tactical. They reflect no really dangerous rift in overall policy, nor in the mutual determination to stand by Berlin.
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