Temperature Hits 60s For Second Weekend
By Terry Murphy
The groundhog's shadow notwithstanding, KU students soaked up sunshine for the second week in a row.
Good intentions and study plans went out open windows Sunday as they turned to the more mundane pleasures of life such as sunbathing, carwashing and picnics.
TRAFFIC TO LONE STAR LAKE was heavy with students heading for outings in Sunday weather that showed a 2 p.m. high of 65 degrees.The warm and welcome weather is forecasted to last through today.
Harried parents in Stouffler Place apartments took advantage of hard-gained peace and quiet as their children played outdoors.
Tennis courts received heavy attention with enthusiasts rushing the season. Automobile drivers had to contend with bicyclists and pedestrians drawn out by the weather.
MANY DETERMINED STUDENTS were seen making their way to the library decked out in light-weight sport coats and suits. Some with a more casual taste wore bermuda shorts and short sleeve sport shirts.
Everybody agreed on one thing: the warm weather brought hope that the last of the 10-inch snowstorms has been seen.
SCHOLARS IN THE SUN—Business becomes pleasure as temperatures reach high in the 70s. Alpha Delta Pi's Debbie Twadell, Iola, left, and
Robbie Smith, Topeka, sophomores, join the carwashing, sunbathing clans and move out-of-doors.
Election Results Aid Peace Corps
By Bill Sheldon
A Peace Corps training program at KU moved a step closer to reality last week with the election of the National Liberation Party in Costa Rica.
The cooperation of the new government, headed by President Francisco Orlich, enables the University to continue tentative plans for the Corps training program.
"The completion of this election paves the way for a survey by the Peace Corps and KU officials," said John Augelli, professor of geography and chairman of the Latin-American Area studies program." If that survey proves positive, a proposal for a Peace Corps program at KU will be studied."
Prof. Augelli said he felt there was a good chance a training center for a Peace Corps Costa Rican project would be established at KU.
PROF. AUGELLI said KU officials are presently "marking time" until an invitation comes from the Peace Corps to begin the survey. He said this would probably come late this month.
The idea of such a project was presented by KU to the Peace Corps which is in itself a unique situation. Usually the Peace Corps initiates a program and then selects a school to cooperate.
"THE PEACE Corps liked the idea from the start and the (University) involvement with Costa Rica (KU's faculty-student exchange with the University of Costa Rica) makes it easier to carry out the proposed program." Prof. Augelli said.
The Costa Rican election was not as close as was originally expected said Thomas Gale, assistant professor of history, who has just returned from that country while participating in the exchange program.
THE VICTORIOUS GROUP. National Liberation party, was organized by Don "Pepe" Figueres who was at KU in October, 1959. Prof. Gale says Mr. Figueres, twice President of Costa Rica, is also favorable to the exchange program and has been extremely hospitable to the KU people who have participated in the program.
"I am particularly interested in the program because it is being carried on with a mid-western state from which we are usually isolated," he said. (Quote from UDK, Oct. 28, 1959.)
Mr. Figueres said when he was here in 1959 that the future plans for the exchange program pleased him very much.
THE OUTCOME is not of great significance since the loser, Rafeal Angel Calderon-Guradia of the Republican National party, has also shown a favorable attitude toward the KU-Costa Rican exchange program. The KU people in Costa Rica last year visited him at his home.
Both Prof. Augelli and Prof. Gale pointed out that it was not necessarily the outcome of the election which was important but the completion of the election which was held Feb. 4.
"Anything which KU backs will receive careful consideration by the officials in Costa Rica." said Prof.
(Continued on page 12)
Daily hansan
59th Year, No.80
LAWRENCE. KANSAS
Inquiry Seeks Cause For Capture of U2
WASHINGTON — (UPI) — The big question the United States wants answered in its interrogation of U2 pilot Francis Gary Powers is how his photo reconnaissance plane was downed. He was captured while making a high altitude photographic mission over Russia.
Greek Clauses Examined
Another issue—at least one raised at the time of Powers' capture—is: Did he help Russia embarrass the United States through information he provided.
No chapter president knows of any case where his or her house had pledged a Negro on this campus. One of the Negro fraternities pledged a white student in 1954.
U. S. SECURITY AGENTS will hold Powers incognito for a week to 10 days while they seek answers to these and other questions. Then presumably he will be allowed to tell his story to the public.
At present, there are only two persons from a minority group living in the fraternities or soronites at KU. Both are members of fraternities and both are Jews.
THIS INFORMATION is based on recent Daily Kansan interviews with the presidents of local fraternity and sorority chapters. From these interviews it was learned that no sorority and only two fraternities (Sigma Nu
Powers, 32, freed by the Russians Saturday in exchange for master Soviet spy Rudolph Abel, was flown back to the United States first for a reunion with his wife and parents, and then for intensive government questioning.
Francis Gary Powers was secluded today with members of his family at a hideaway as top-secret as the U2 spy flights he once made over the Soviet Union.
Only two fraternities at KU clearly discriminate on the basis of race, color, or religion in selection of their members.
Phi Delta Theta, for example has replaced its clause with one which says all new members must be "socially acceptable." The president of KU's chapter, Phillip Havener, Hays senior, said during an interview that this is interpreted by "gentlemen's agreement" to mean the same as the old clause. The old clause restricted membership to "white persons of full Aryan blood."
But the absence of an explicit clause written into the national constitution does not mean an absence of discrimination on the basis of race, religion, or color. Such discrimination is practiced after the removal of clauses by using "gentlemen's agreements" by placing the clauses in the secret rituals and by giving alumni authority in selecting members.
(Editor's note: This is the first in a series of articles on racial and religious discrimination in fraternities and sororities. This article will deal with the extent of such discrimination at the University of Kansas.)
HAVENER EXPLAINED that the National Council of Phi Delta Theta has recommended that at the next
and Lambda Chi) have discriminatory clauses in their national constitutions.
Monday, Feb. 12, 1962
By Arthur C. Miller
Mr. Lee, a member of Sigma Chi fraternity, and a noted sociologist, explains, "The abolition of restrictive clauses is merely the first step; it ignores other means for maintaining restrictive practices."
The various means of practicing discrimination in fraternities and sororities is discussed by Alfred McClung Lee in his book "Fraternities Without Brotherhood" published in 1956.
HE SAYS OTHER MEANS of discrimination are found by placing the restrictions in the secret rituals or through unwritten but strictly enforced tradition or by giving alumni authority in selecting members.
national conference, action to do away with the clause completely be initiated.
From the Kansan interviews it was learned that none of the presidents knew of any unwritten restrictions on the selection of members
(Continued on page 12)
THE SOVIET PRESS and radio continued to maintain complete silence about Col. Rudolph I. Abel, the Russian spy freed by the United States in exchange for American U2 Pilot Gary Powers.
The Iron Curtain that opened to let Powers out seemed to have swallowed the master spy completely.
The Soviet Union, for whom Abel headed a spy ring that transmitted military and atomic energy secrets to Moscow, has never acknowledged that he was an officer of the Russian Secret Police or even that he worked for the Kremlin at all. Abel was arrested in New York in 1957.
ALL MAJOR RUSSIAN newspapers carried the 12-line announcement from the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet on the release of Powers yesterday. But there was no mention of Abel.
POWERS' TESTIMONY at his espionage trial in Moscow in August, 1960, did not throw much light on how his U2 crashed. Powers testified that "I was struck down by something" while flying at 68,000 feet. He said he did not see what it was—only that he felt a "hollow-sounding explosion" and he could see an "orange-colored light" behind him.
But Powers was definite that he was at 68,000 feet when the explosion occurred. This differs sharply with reconstruction by U.S. officials of what happened. They maintained at the time that Russia had no anti-aircraft weapon which could have reached the U2 at that height. They said the U2 probably had engine trouble, which caused it to descend to within range of Soviet guns.
POWERS' ROLE in developments which led to the collapse of the Paris Summit Conference in 1960 also has come under criticism. It has been charged that he provided information which allowed Premier Nikita Khrushchev to lead the United States into one trap after another until he was able to scuttle the conference.
Three members of the Senate Armed Services Committee said they believed their group should question Powers after security agents had completed interrogating him.
Sen. Howard W. Cannon, D-Nev., said he would like to ask Powers about the induction he received
on how to act if captured. Cannon said he was "disappointed in Powers' conduct" after the U2 was downed May 1, 1960.
SEN. HARRY F. BYRD, D-Va., and Strom Thurmond, D-S.C., also said they thought the committee should question Powers. Byrd said he did not think Powers "gave the Russians any information he wasn't supposed to," but he wanted to know how the plane was downed.
Some critics, however, contended that Powers, who was paid $2,500 a month for making his flights into Soviet territory, should have been prepared to destroy himself and his plane rather than let it fall into enemy hands.
U. S. OFFICIALS defended Powers' conduct at the time, however. They said he was instructed to admit his espionage mission if captured. He carried a pistol and a hypodermic needle, but he was instructed to use it only if threatened with torture, they said. U.S. officials said they could find no grounds for prosecuting Powers for aiding the enemy, and said his pay would be continued while he was imprisoned.
Two photographs of Powers released by the White House bore out the description of his physical well-being. He was smiling, and looked well-fed and healthy after two years in a Soviet prison.
For the 21 months since he crashed on May 1, back pay on that scale would amount to $52,500. But since it was not known whether Powers' pay continued for his full prison term or how much Mrs. Powers received, the amount the pilot will receive remains a question the government is not answering.
"Antigone," by Jean Anouilh, contemporary French playwright, opens at 8 tonight in the Experimental Theatre. It will play nightly through Feb. 20.
'Antigone' to Open Tonight
The seating capacity of the theater is 88.
About 25 temporary seats are saved and sold beginning at 7 p.m. before each performance.
Weather
Northeast Kansas will be fair today. Weather tonight will be partly cloudy, with the same tomorrow. Highs today and Tuesday will be in the 60s; lows tonight will be around 40.