Daily Hansan
Lawrence, Kansas
Thursday, Feb. 13, 1964
61st Year, No. 82
HOVER CRAFT—This vehicle is KU's GEM III. If you look closely you'll notice it is hovering just above the ground. The GEM III works relatively well in winds of less than 5 miles per hour. KU's engineers are trying to perfect it into a more versatile flying machine.
KU May Show Gem III Here
An effort is being made to bring the Ground Effect Machine (GEM III) back to Lawrence for the 44th Annual Engineering Exposition, April 17-18.
Kenneth C. Deemer, professor of mechanics and aero space, made this announcement yesterday.
The GEM III which is on loan to KU for two years from the United States Marine Corps is presently being kept at the Olathe Naval Air Station.
THIS BECAME necessary because of lack of maneuvering space at the Lawrence Municipal Airport.
Mechanics and Aero Space engineering students are trying to perfect the GEM III into a controllable tool for research.
Jim Lewis, Lawrence senior, and John Kirkpatrick, Sunnyvale, Calif., senior, are working on the flight simulator of the GEM III.
THE FLIGHT SIMULATOR is a mock cockpit of the GEM III and is constructed to simulate an actual flight.
The GEM III operates close to the ground and is supported by a cushion of high pressure air.
The cushion of air beneath the machine is formed by pumping air at a fast enough rate to replace the air beneath the under edges of the vehicle.
This machine, which was invented in England, can be of great assistance when perfected in crossing any unprepared surfaces such as water, sand, snow, ice, swamp, grasslands and plowed fields, Lewis said.
But for all the GEM III dreams, its future isn't as bright as it may first appear because of the many problems to be overcome in its control.
FOR EXAMPLE, AT present the machine is almost uncontrolable in winds of more than five miles per hour.
The English are more developed in the GEM III field.
The Saunder-Roe 25-ton Hovercraft SR-N2 (an English commercial version of the GEM III) carries from 50 to 60 passengers at speeds up to 70 knots (about 80 miles per hour).
Several European countries as well as Britain are considering the possibilities of using the GEM as high speed ferries.
THE GEM III HAS a short but interesting history.
The first practical and successful model was flown by Christopher Cockerell in England, in 1959. Cockerell was able to secure funds from the British government to build a larger one.
He called his new type of vehicle a "Hovercraft" because of the craft's ability to hover just above the ground. The "Hovercraft" was flown across the English Channel in 1959 to celebrate the first airplane flight across the English Channel in 1909.
The Marines commissioned the Naval Research Association of Maryland to build a "Hovercraft" and gave it the American-sounding name of "ground effect machine" which was soon shortened to just GEM.
The first GEM built in 1960 was too small to perfect.
The GEM II was built of plywood in 1960.
THE GEM II WAS SO UNSATISFACTORY that the engineers working on the project burned it.
The GEM III is now here on a two year loan with the hope that KU will be able to correct some of the vehicle's problems.
Heavy Cyprus Fighting Ends With Tense British Truce
NICOSIA, Cyprus — (UPI) — British patroopers and armored forces clamped a tense cease-fire on Cyprus today to end two days of savage fighting between Greek and Turkish Cypriots in which an estimated 50 persons were killed. New fighting was feared at any moment as American peace efforts apparently failed.
It was the worst outbreak of fighting between the two communities on this island since the outbreak of violence in which an estimated 200 persons were killed during the Christmas season.
INFORMED SOURCES said an emergency American mission to seek a permanent solution to the crisis had failed.
Sources in the southern port city of Limassol estimated at least 50 persons — most of them Turkish Cypriots—were killed in the fighting that started at the castle that commands the harbor and spread throughout the town.
The fighting, which had calmed down last night, broke out again in the early morning hours and was still going on when U.S. Undersecretary of State George Ball and British Acting High Commissioner Cyril Pickard met again with President Makarios.
THE MEETING appeared to have failed, informed sources said.
The sources said Makarios rejected the new Anglo-American proposals for a NATO peace force to patrol the truce here. Instead, they said, he repeated his demand that the Cyprus crisis be taken to the United Nations Security Council.
British and Cypriot government leaders went into Limassol this morning and hammered out a ceasefire by threatening to send in British troops to protect the lives of the 6,000 Britons who live there.
One regiment of paratroopers and a squadron of Royal Dragons with four armored cars stood ready outside Limassol to help if necessary.
Gov. Signs; Professors' Salaries Up
THE EXTRA SALARY increases,
totaling $482,761 as well as $125,355
for 15 new faculty positions at Kansas
State University and $65,954 for
four new posts at Emporia State
Teachers College, were responsible
for boosting the total past the governor's recommended mark.
TOPEKA, Kan. — (UPI)— Salary increases for professors helped push Kansas' higher education budget to $88.2 million, $707,000 more than Gov. John Anderson recommended for the six state colleges and universities.
Also tacked onto Anderson's budget was $35,400 for additional maintenance at the University of Kansas and $35,000 for a Kansas State Agricultural experiment station at Garden City.
Gov. Anderson signed the budget into law yesterday.
THE $2 MILLION will go mainly to top teachers—professors and associate professors. Assistant professors will get five per cent boosts and instructors and graduate teaching assistant salaries will go up 10 per cent.
The Lawrence area will have fair weather tonight with partly cloudy skies Friday, according to the weather bureau. The low tonight is predicted to be in the upper 20's.
Weather
A Greek Cypriot source reported yesterday that "the lid has blown completely off" at Limassol. Today the British had the lid on again, but observers feared another explosion at any time.
Earlier, the Greek Cypriot radio reported "general offensives during the night" by Greek Cypriots against Turkish Cypriots. The population ratio in Limassol is about five-to-one in the Greeks' favor.
A British communique had said the Greek Cypriots were using "automatic fire and explosions" and warned "unless the fighting stops, British troops will have to occupy key positions in the town."
In Limassol, British eyewitnesses to the fighting said Greek Cypriot forces launched a "well-organized" attack on the Turkish Quarter this morning, using everything from rifles to bazookas and a tank.
The British sources estimated that 50 persons were killed and 100 wounded in the fighting.
It was not clear who ordered today's attacks, but Turkish sources blamed it on the Greek Cypriot Limassol Police, whom they said were operating without government approval.
Makarios since his arrival here yesterday.
In Nicosia, Makarios and Ball arranged a final meeting before he flies here. Later Ball will fly to London and Athens.
In the meeting, Ball, Pickard and Makarios were racing against time to prevent a collapse of plans to bring an international peace force here.
It was Ball's third meeting with
Ball and Pickard held secret consultations past midnight last night with Makarios and Fazil Kuchuk, head of the Turkish Cypriots.
Greek Cypriot sources said Makarios, in two meetings with the Anglo-American negotiations yesterday, rejected a revised plan. Makarios insists that the plan put any peace-keeping force under United Nations Security Council authority — which the United States and Britain oppose — and specify that the force must protect Cyprus' territorial integrity, the sources said.
As reports of the Limassol fighting reached the capital after yesterday's negotiations, Makarios was said to be close to giving up on the Anglo-American proposals and ready to appeal for help directly to the U.N. Security Council. This could open the way to Soviet intervention, which the Western powers are trying to avoid.
The United States and Britain fear continued fighting will provoke military intervention by NATO partners, Greece and Turkey on opposing sides, creating a threat to peace in the Mediterranean. The original Anglo-American plan to send 10,000 NATO troops to Cyprus, including 2,000 Americans, has been revised in an attempt to meet demands from Makarios and Kuchuk.
The British communique reported "automatic fire and explosions" by the Greek Cyripiots at Limassol. It said the Greeks were using "armored bulldozers" against the Turkish Cyripiots.
CRC Petitions IFC For Policy Stand
The Civil Rights Council yesterday petitioned the Interfraternity Council to make a public statement clarifying its stand on the integration of minority group members into the KU fraternity system, and recommended specific proposals to the IFC.
At a closed meeting of the IFC executive board, George Ragsdale, Lawrence senior and CRC president presented a petition to the IFC executive board that urged the IFC to include this public statement in each rush booklet that is sent to prospective rusheshee, and to encourage male students of all races to participate in rush activities.
THE PETITION also recommended that the IFC withdraw recognition from any fraternity still having racially discriminatory clauses by Aug. 25, 1964.
Ragsdale said the petition was circulated Tuesday and part of Wednesday in the Kansas Union and around campus, and that it contained 500 signatures.
William Anderson, Park Ridge. Ill. senior and IFC president in a prepared statement last night, stated the IFC's policy: "In this matter the IFC supports chapter seven of the All Student Council bill concerning civil rights." This part of the bill says that moral suasion, not force, should be used to help fraternities remove discriminatory clauses from their national constitutions.
ANDERSON SAID the IFC has urged fraternities to work toward the removal of discriminatory clauses. He said that at the present time there is only one KU fraternity that has a discriminatory clause and that the local chapter has unsuccessfully attempted to remove the clause from the national constitution.
In regard to the rush booklet
prepared by the IFC, Anderson said that the IFC does not have to defend a position it has maintained in the past. Anderson said the rush booklet, which explains the fraternity system at KU to prospective rushees, is sent to everyone, regardless of race, who indicates an interest in fraternities.
ROCK CHALK-Sandra Bornholdt,
La Crosse senior, strikes an angelic
pose during rehearsals for Rock
Chalk. (See picture page, page 12)