Page 4
University Daily Kansan
Friday, April 5, 1963
Cockcroft Explains-
(Continued from page 1)
(Continued from page 1) experience of reactor technology, Cockercroft said.
"THE EXPERIENCE we gained at Chalk River was invaluable in founding the United Kingdom Atomic Energy program when we returned in 1946 to build the Atomic Energy Research Establishment at Harwell," he said.
Cockcroft was awarded the Nobel prize for his atom-splitting work. He became widely known when he and Dr. E.T.S. Walton succeeded in transmuting lithium and boron by high energy protons in 1932.
Sir John Cockcroft
THE LECTURE was the first held at KU in memory of Kenneth E. Spencer, Kansas City industrialist and founder of the Spencer Chemical Co. Spencer was a KU graduate and a generous KU benefactor.
Last night's lecture and a private lecture held last Wednesday in Kansas City were sponsored by the KU Endowment Association.
Cockcroft referred to the late Spencer as "a great industrialist interested in the application of science to industry."
Cockcroft said the different types of producers of nuclear power were studied in 1950. He said a graphite-moderated gas cooled reactor was chosen as the best for England because of the availability of graphite.
The first nuclear power station of this type was operational in England by 1956. Since then, three similar power stations have been built, with an annual output of 2.5 billion units of electricity.
EIGHT OTHER power stations, on a larger scale than those constructed by the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Administration, have been built by England's Electricity Generating Boards, a nationalized industry.
Cockroft listed two classes of technological problems in nuclear power development.
"The first are the problems common to most new technological developments of reducing capital costs per unit output by simplifying construction and increasing efficiencies and ratings," he said. He showed a slide of the decline in the cost of internal combustion engines as an example.
"The second class of problems are the technological problems.
"In developing the gas-cooled reactor, the most important problem has been the development of fuel elements of great reliability."
COCKCROFT SAID the British reactors would be using natural uranium metal fuel until 1968.
He said the main technical problems of uranium fuel were its distortion and irradiation or temperature cycling which could cause the uranium to leak and cause "contamination of the reactor circuit."
The master at Cambridge, a position equal to chancellor in the United States, said 12 European countries, under the auspices of the European Nuclear Energy Agency, are working cooperatively to solve some of the problems in producing nuclear electricity.
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Cockcroft pointed out that the main difference between nuclear power programs in the United States and Canada with those in Great Britain was that those in North America are based on water moderated reactors instead of the graphite reactors in England.
"The advantages of the ordinary water moderated reactors is their small size requiring pressure vessels of only about 12 feet in diameter so that power densities are about 60 kilowatts per litre — about an order of magnitude higher than the graphite moderated reactors," Cockcroft said.
HE NOTED that six power stations, with an output about equal with England's, were in operation in the United States at present.
The British scientist discussed a power station about to be built at Bodega Bay in California and called this "one of the high cost fuel areas where nuclear power should be competitive."
Beau Kay Hi-Rickety, mascot of Sigma Nu fraternity and grand champion Great Pyrenees, won the distinction with 814 out of 1,051 votes cast.
Beau Kay Hi-Rickety 'Ugly Man' Winner
In a landslide vote, a large white, furry dog was elected "Ugliest Man on Campus."
ACCORDING TO members of the fraternity, Beau was unable to attend the presentation ceremonies of the traveling trophy because he was out chasing cats.
"He took the honor gracefully. He was unperturbed by the whole affair," said Danny Hopper, Wichita senior.
The contest was sponsored by Alpha Phi Omega, service fraternity, to raise money for the campus chest. Votes were sold at a nickel a vote and $52.55 was collected.
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The People-to-People Job Placement Committee will help foreign students obtain Summer employment.
P-t-P to Locate Summer Jobs
Foreign students interested in summer jobs should fill out application blanks at the People-to-People office in the Kansas Union before noon tomorrow.
According to Raymond Edwards, chairman of the committee, it is difficult to obtain jobs for foreign students because many employers want to hire their home town people.
"Students from other countries should not expect jobs in areas of their studies," Edwards said, "because most of the available summer jobs involve manual labor."
Foreign students must obtain permission from the United State Immigration and Naturalization Service to work during the summer months. This permission can also be obtained from Clark Coan, foreign student adviser and assistant to the dean of students.
The Placement Committee members will interview students to ascertain their abilities and interests. The committee will try to provide jobs according to the student's capabilities.
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