Military vs. Civilians In Latin America
The armed forces in Latin American countries have been hampered in their effectiveness to a great extent by civilians, a Latin America Studies lecturer said yesterday.
John J. Johnson, professor of history at Stanford University, who spoke of "The Role of the Military in Latin America," said the armed forces in the Latin countries often are involved in politics because civilians are inept.
THE CIVILIAN record is not good in Latin America, and to say it would be worse under the military does not make sense," Prof. Johnson said.
He cited another instance where the Latin American army officers are losing contact with the non-commissioned officers in their ranks, which has not been the case in Latin American history.
"The danger is that the civilians are acting as a broker between the officers and the non-commissioned men," the professor said.
PROF. JOHNSON said the Latin American military must be encouraged to participate in civic action programs in the small villages if they want to help in the development of these countries.
"There is an undue amount of officers who insist on living in the cities or near them," Pref. Johnson said. "This is a mistake. I believe, because the Latin American countries should move their armed forces around within their country."
THE RELATIONSHIP of the military in these villages is evident, the professor said as he elaborated on one of 10 points which he said must
be understood concerning the role of the armed forces in the Latin American area.
"Historically, and contrary to public opinion," he said, "the military have come from the small provincial towns." He said it has been this way since World War II and will probably remain so until around 1975.
This brings a few points to mind in relation to the character of the Latin American military, according to Prof. Johnson.
FIRST, THE SMALL town middle class sector in these countries is the strong force of Catholicism. Since this is where the military officers come from, they are Catholic, but "in the religious sense, not the cultural sense."
Second, the officer coming from the small town cannot conceive small industry. He doesn't come from a property-owning class and he has no respect for private property.
HE SAID THE Latin American officer also will not push for land reform because he does not believe it is a major problem and he is in what is called the "rural aristocracy."
Another problem, insurgency, is one which only the military can work out, Prof. Johnson said.
"It (the military) is the only institution in Latin America that has the experience to work with insurgents," he said. "Eventually, it has to be a cooperation between military, police, and civil organizations to re-establish the image of the public and the government so an effective intelligence can be maintained."
Bus Will Run To New York
A bus providing transportation to and from New York City for spring vacation will be made available by the Student Union Activities.
The bus will leave Lawrence at 6 p.m., Friday, April 6, and will arrive in New York City at midnight Saturday. It will leave New York City on the return trip at 9 a.m., Saturday, April 13, and will arrive in Lawrence at 3 p.m. Sunday.
The cost of the round trip is $44. A deposit of $14 must be paid in the SUA activities director's office, north of the information desk on the main floor, by March 20. Only one bus will be provided and reservations will be made on a first-come first-served basis.
The route will follow U.S. 40 to Pittsburgh, and will take the Pennsylvania Turnpike on into New York City. Anyone living along or near the route can be dropped off anywhere along the route.
Consul Never Uses Office
ALBANY, N. Y. — (UPI) — A check for rental of an office near the state capitol has arrived monthly for the last 11 years but itsigner has never been seen by the family living in the building. Landlord William Mitchell said he last saw the lessee, Henry Boulton, the Honorary Venezuelan Consul here, five years ago. He said Boulton traveled a great deal and apparently returned occasionally, opened the door, looked in and left.
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Father Has Son Jailed
SALFORD, England — (UPI) — Hyman Helfer, bruised but unbowed yesterday had his son Ellis, 22, jailed for breaking a promise to a judge. Helfer told the judge, who had ordered Ellis to stay away from his father, that the youth "fractured my hand, hit me on the head and back and also hit my wife."
'They Also Serve. . ."
LYLE, Minn. — (UPI)— Town marshal Clarence Berg sat on the outskirts of town during the week-end and surveyed his domain with binoculars.
Then Berg got up and went to a service station three blocks away where he arrested John Kohnke, 18, for breaking into the building.
GLAD RAGS
The hounds of spring are on winter's traces. Soon buds the crocus, soon trills the giant condor, soon come the new spring fashions to adorn our lissome limbs.
And what will the American college student wear this spring? Gather round, you raseals, and light a Marlboro Cigarette and enjoy that fine mellow tobacco, that pure white filter, and possess your souls in sweet content, and listen.
As everyone knows, campus fashions have always been casual. This spring, however, they have gone beyond being merely casual; they have become makeshift.
The object is to look madly improvised, gaily spur-of-the-moment! For example, why don't you girls try wearing a peasant skirt with a dinner jacket? Or matador pants with a bridal veil? Or Bermuda shorts with bronze breastplates? Be rakish! Be impromptu! Be devil-take-the-hindmost!
And, men, you be the same. Try an opera cape with sweat pants. Or a letter-sweater with kilts. Or a strait jacket with hip boots. Be bold! Be daring! Be a tourist attraction!
Be rakish! Beimpromptu!
But all is not innovation in college fashions this spring. In fact, one of the highlights of the season turns time backward in its flight. I refer, of course, to the comeback of the powdered wig.
This charming accoutrement, too long neglected, has already caught on with in undergrads everywhere. On hundreds of campuses the bossa nova is giving way to the minuet, and patriotic undergradates are dumping British tea into the nearest harbor. This, as you may imagine, does not sit well with King George III who, according to reliable reports, has been stamping his foot and uttering curses not fit to reproduce in this family newspaper. For that matter, a lot of our own people are steamed up too, and there has even been some talk about the American colonies declaring their independence of England. But I hardly think it will come to that. I mean, how can we break with the mother country when we are dependent on her for so many things—linsey-woolsey, Minié balls, taper snuffers, and like that? She, on the other hand, relies on us for turkeys, Marlboro Cigarettes, and Route 66. So I say, if Molly Pitcher and those other Radliffe hotheads will calm down, and if gentlemen will cry "Peace! Peace!" we may yet find an amicable solution to our differences. But let not our British cousins mistake this willingness to negotiate for weakness. If fight we must, then fight we will! Paul Revere is saddled up, the rude bridge arches the flood, and the ROTC is armed!
But I digress. We were smoking Marlboro Cigarettes—O, splendid cigarette! O, good golden tobaccos! O, pristine pure white filter! O, fresh! O, tasty! O, soft pack! O, flip top box! O, get some!—we were, I say, smoking Marlboros and talking about spring fashions.
Let us turn now to the season's most striking new feature— pneumatic underdrawers. These inflatable garments make every chair an easy chair. Think how welcome they will be when you sit through a long lecture! They are not, however, without certain dangers. Last week, for example, Rimbaud Sigafoos, a sophomore at the University of Pittsburgh, fell out of a 96th story window in the Tower of Learning. Thanks to his pneumatic underdrawers, he suffered no injury when he struck the sidewalk, but the poor fellow is still bouncing—his seventh consecutive day—and it is feared that he will starve to death.
© 1963 Max Shulman
Fashions come, fashions go, but year after year Marlboro cigarettes, sponsors of this column, bring you the tastiest tobacco and a pure white filter too. Try Marlboro soon.