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Thursday, May 4, 1989 / University Daily Kansan
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Mouth-to-mask resuscitation
Emergency medical workers adopt procedures to stop AIDS
by Jennifer Corser Kansan staff writer
Because of AIDS, mouth-to-mouth resuscitation in many cases has become mouth-to-mask resuscitation.
The Douglas County Ambulance Service provides plastic pocket masks for the paramedics who want protection from AIDS.
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But this doesn't mean a paramedic will not perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation if the mask is not avail-ble. If you do, ambulance service training officer.
"If someone collapses in the street in front of me, I will do something," he said.
Some changes also have been made in the emergency room since AIDS became a prevalent contagious disease. Emergency room physicians say paramedics and physicians are not afraid of catheterization room, but that they now are more cautious and aware of the danger.
However, the fear of AIDS has not changed the way first aid is taught to the general public. Murray said that the potential of getting AIDS by mouth-to-mouth was small, and because most people would only perform it once in their lives, the risk was even less.
Part of the reason paramedics and physicians are not afraid of AIDS is because the risk of contracting it is minimal to the physician, said Robert Prosser, director of emergency University of Kansas Medical Center.
Prosser said that beginning last year, studies were done to determine the prevalence of AIDS-infected patients admitted to emergency rooms. Some studies have shown that 25 percent of patients coming into emergency rooms were HIV positive. But many have shown a much smaller percentage. Prosser said his own study showed that the prevalence of AIDS in the emergency room corresponded to the incidence of the disease in the surrounding area's population.
"Most of us are health professionals, and we know the risk of getting AIDS is low," he said.
Prosser said the physicians at the Med Center were careful to wear gloves while working with a patient. They also wore masks and eye shields if there was chance for blood to splatter.
Sometimes the physicians did not have time to put on the protection, or it was not available. Prosser said.
"Because of the acuity and seriousness of some cases, physicians have
rushed in without any concept of protecting themselves," he said.
Trained medical workers are educated about this risk, he said. They also know they will not contract AIDS from blood splatters on the skin.
"The real tragedy of AIDS is the people who have AIDS, not for the people who take care of them," he said. "These people have challenging medical problems, and we want to help them."
Before AIDS, nurses and physicians often would rush into emergency situations without protecting themselves, although they were better able to gear for the past 10 years because of the risk of hepatitis B. Prosser said.
"In spite of my best efforts, I get blood on myself two or three times a week," he said. He said he did not concern himself with it but merely
If a person were pricked with a needle containing the HIV virus, most studies show he or she would have a 1-in-500 to a 1-in-1,000 chance of contracting the disease. Prosser said. If a person were injected with a needle, his risk would increase to about 1-in-5 to 1-in-10 chance of getting that virus.
The chances of getting hepatitis B, a viral infection transmitted through blood which can result in prolonged illness, cirrhosis or death, are far greater than contracting the HIV virus from an AIDS patient, Prosser said.
"AIDS is not tremendously contagious." he said.
washed the blood off.
Murray said that although hepatitis was more contagious, it was sometimes not as fatal. This is why he suggests a greater effect on protection use.
"You get AIDS, and you die from it." Murray said.
He said the Douglas County Ambulance Service had an extensive infection control control, including the use of other gloves, goggles and a mask.
Using the protection does not really slow down the emergency health care process, he said. Paramedics in a pair of rubber gloves in their pockets.
"It is just a matter of a few seconds to pull them out and put them on," he said.
Murray said the employees of the ambulance service were concerned about infectious diseases, including AIDS, so they used protection when it was available. However, he said, they were not nervous about treating an AIDS patient; otherwise they would practice a different profession.
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