University Daily Kansan / Wednesday, April 19, 1989
Nation/World
7
Knight-Hidden Tribune News/CHUCK CARTER
Leech Haigh
The Associated Press
Walesa and former foe Jaruzelski shake hands
WARSAW, Poland — Lech Walesa shook hands yesterday with Gen. Wojciech Jaruzelski, the man who ordered the Solidarity founder Zdzisław Jaruzelski later that he was satisfied by the symbolic reconciliation.
Walesa did not speak to reporters after the meeting with Jurzelski, their first since Nov. 4, 1881—five months before the martial law crack down.
A fragment of the emotionally charged session appeared on Polish television. "A mountain with a moun
tain . . .," said Jaruzelski as he greeted Walesa.
"I hope we will never part again," replied Walesa.
Jaruzelski's greeting was the beginning of a saying in Polish that goes: "A mountain with a mountain meet, but man can meet a man."
The meeting between the man who once sought to crush Solidarity and the one who vowed to revive it lasted for about one hour in a comfortable reception room in the Parliament building on a wooded bluff near the city. It occurred one day after Solidarity was declared legal again.
Jaruzelski easily speaks to reporters, but after the meeting he gave an impromptu news conference. "I feel the audience was very difficult and long way," he said.
Later, top union adviser Bronislam Geremek said. "The round table started in an atmosphere of tension and expectation and later changed. And today the meeting also began with some tension, but later the atmosphere of the round table found its culmination."
"Reconciliation is a process, not an act. So if we talk about an act, it is rather the round table," referring to the two months of negotiations that let agreements April 5 between Education and Communist authorities.
Wales were his traditional Solidarity pin and a badge with a picture of the Black Madonna of Cestelberg, a revered religious icon, on his lapel.
The occasion was a reception given by Jaruzelski immediately after the first meeting of the Arbitration Commission, a group set up to oversee implementation of economic and political reforms.
Plan revamps welfare system
WASHINGTON — The government, yesterday unveiled the broad outlines of a plan for states to help poor families get off welfare and become self-sufficient. The plan requires aid recipients to participate in education, job training and work programs.
The Associated Press
The plan provides that one parent in two-parental welfare families will have to work at least 16 hours a week in the public or private sector as a condition for receiving benefits. Single welfare parents with children 3 years or older will have to participate in employment and training programs. Also, teenagers who are not completed high school will be required to return to school or work toward an equivalent degree.
The Department of Health and Human Services outlined the plan in proposed regulations to implement the Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Training program — a $3.3 billion, five-year initiative passed by Congress last year as part of the Family Support Act.
The plan requires states to guarantee child care for parents who participate in the education and care of children.
The legislation was the first major overhaul of the country's welfare system in a half-century.
The regulations, published in yesterday's Federal Register, are open to public comment for 60 days. The department is to issue final rules by October.
States initially will have to bring 7 percent of their caseload in Aid to Families with Dependent Children programs under the plan, and by 1994 will be required to have 20 percent in the program.
Kathy Patterson of the American Public Welfare Association, which represents the state human services agencies that will implement the program, said the association remained concerned that the participation rates "don't reflect realistic performance goals".
As a result, she said, states may wind up "channeling people through meaningless tasks" to improve their lives.
HHS Secretary Louis Sullivan, speaking at a news conference, called the law and the regulations "a turning point for our nation's welfare system.
"At a time when as many as one in four American children are born into poverty, the JOBS
program will be especially important in helping to generate a generalcycle of long-term dependency. *h* is
The regulations set out the framework within which each state will design its JOWS program. Any state that doesn't comply risks losing federal funds for APFC, the primary government assistance program for poor families. About 90 percent of such families are headed by women.
Sullivan estimated that up to 138,000 families would be able to leave the welfare rolls during the next five years and said that was only a beginning. About 3.3 million families receive AFDC, which costs the federal government about $8.5 billion a year and match the federal share with their own funds.
The JOBS program is expected to cost the federal government about $3.3 billion during the next five years, Sullivan said. States must match expenditures in order to maintain their own money. The matching rates vary.
State programs are required to be in place by Oct. 1, 1990, but states may have their plans approved by the Department of Health and Human Services and in place on July 1 of this year.
Italy achieves room temperature fusion
The Associated Press
ROME - Italian scientists said yesterday that they had achieved nuclear fusion at room temperature with a different process than other recent "cold fusion" experiments had used.
They cautioned that it was too soon to tell if their process would prove practical for generating energy.
the scientists said recent experiments at the National Agency for Alternative Energy in Frascati, just outside of Rome, produced large
emissions of neutrons but too little energy to register.
Emissions of neutrons - particles of an atom - are evidence of fusion.
Fusion, the process that powers the sun, produces energy when the cores of two hydrogen atoms fuse. In contrast, conventional nuclear power plants use fission, which is the splitting of atoms.
Scientists have long searched for a way to harness nuclear fusion. Standard experiments have used extremely high temperatures.
Last month, an American and a British researcher said they produced fusion at room temperature.
But unlike that work, the new Italian experiments did not use an electrical current to trigger the reaction. And they did not use "heavy water," which contains a heavy version of hydrogen called deuterium.
"The experiment is totally different from former ones," said Umberto Colombo, head of the National Commission on Human Rights, who have paved the way for a new road to
fusion research. What we don't know yet is if the energy generated is sufficient to justify practical application."
Professor Francesco Scaramuzzi, who performed the experiment, said that on two occasions they measured high emissions of neutrons after placing a sample of the element mercury in the same special metal tube and subjecting it to various pressures and temperatures.
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