CAMPUS/AREA UNIVERSITY DAILY KANSAN
Thursday, February 23, 1995
3A
Iwo Jima battle commemorated
Veterans recall bloody sea assault; thousands died on Pacific island
By Paul Todd
Kansan staff writer
Bill VanDenBurg jumped off the amphibious tractor and immediately sank into the soft volcanic ash of Iwo Jima island.
Yumi Chikamori / KANSAN
Jerry Ingram, a veteran of two Jima, salutes a Navy ROTC cadet at a ceremony commemorating the battle. The ceremony was held yesterday at Summerfield Hall to honor veterans who fought at two Jima 50 years ago.
As he ran across the barren landscape, he saw only dead U.S. Marines. He could not see the enemy. The Japanese were firing from fortified positions they had spent years building.
VanDenBurg survived the first day of one of the bloodiest World War II battles, which began Feb. 19, 1945, and lasted 36 days. He camped near a U.S. airfield on the eight-square-mile island and faced 35 more days of horror.
But on Feb. 23, 1945, he saw the American flag being raised on Mount Suribach, just as Associated Press photographer Joe Resenthal shot the now-famous picture.
VanDenBurg is one of about 20 members of the Fourth Marine Division Association of Kansas City, Mo., who attended a commemoration of the battle yesterday in Summerfield Hall.
The association presented the University of Kansas Navy ROTC 24th Marine Regiment with a history book detailing the regiment's assault on Iwo Jima.
The fourth division of the 24th Regiment was the first Marine division to land on the island.
Col. Frank Hicks, who commands the 24th Regiment, said that many of the Marines at Iwo Jima figured they were
going to die, so they did what they could to protect each other.
"A lot had already written themselves off," Hicks said. "They had a feeling that I can't let my buddy down."
He said the gruesome conditions led the Marines to acts of extreme bravery.
One Marine made eight trips to the enemy line, killing 20 enemy soldiers and bringing back a wounded comrade each time.
In the battle, 6,821 Marines were killed and 11,179 more were wounded. The Japanese, though, were told by Emperor Hirohito to defend the island at all costs. Ninety-five percent of the 20,000 Japanese on the island were killed.
"If ever we fought an enemy worthy of our admiration, it was them," Hicks said.
He said the Japanese defenders had built underground tunnels to travel from bunker to bunker.
"Their intent was to bleed the enemy white," Hicks said. "It was one of the most expensive pieces of real estate in terms of human life that our nation has ever had to purchase."
Hicks said the last two Japanese defenders of Iwo Jima dug themselves out and surrendered to U.S. forces in 1948, three
years after the battle ended.
Two Jima was important strategically and psychologically to the U.S. forces because it was part of the Japanese island chain, Hicks said.
Jerry Ingram, a member of the Fourth Marine Division Association, put his college career at KU on hold to fight at two Jima but returned to finish his education
and to inscribe a memorial poem in the Campanile, KU's World War II memorial
He said the men who died on Iwo Jima kept America free.
"The blood-soaked volcanic sands of two Jima, that little fly-speck of an island, were taken in the bloodiest battle in the Pacific so that our children's children might have freedom and democracy," he said.
Natural medicine is a popular alternative
Massage can replace traditional methods
By Robert Allen Kansan staff writer
Shea Graffman nearly died as a child, but she believes alternative medicine saved her.
Graffman, Wheeling, III., freshman, was in the hospital with pneumonia. Doctors said that there was a chance she would die, so her parents decided to try another method of treatment.
"we went to a chiropractor, and he put me on a strict nutritional diet," she said. "I completely turned around and got healthy."
Graffian said that she became a believer in alternative medicine.
"It's worked for me," she said. "I wouldn't be alive if it wasn't for natural healing methods."
Now Graffman uses aromatherapy and herbs to give her energy and to treat minor ailments.
Several students have sought out alternatives to traditional medicine, such as acupuncture, massage or herbal remedies.
Anna Lunaria, owner of Medicinal Massage, 7291/2 Massachusetts St., said many of her clients were KU students.
"The students I get tend to be graduate students," she said. "Younger students are usually less concerned with their bodies."
Lunaria said that she specializes
in aromatherapy, which combines massage with scented oils extracted from plants. Aromatherapy is supposed to ease or prevent conditions ranging from stress to internal pain. Not only do clients smell the oils, but they absorb them through their pores.
"It works in the same way that drugs work," Lunaria said. "They react with the body in similar ways."
Some members of the medical community have accepted a few of the non-traditional methods of healing. Shirley Dinkel, nurse practitioner at Health Care Access, 1920 Moodie Road, said that she also provides massage therapy and information about alternative medicine.
"I think any kind of health care work needs to be explained fully," she said.However,Dinkel said she only offered alternative medicine to patients who had experienced it before.
"I try to work out some sort of combination of care," she said.
"If you take garlic for a cold and it goes away, did the cold go away because of the garlic?" he said.
Charles Yockey, chief of staff at Watkins Memorial Health Center, said anything that helped was worthwhile. However, students should make sure that the alternative treatments actually cured their ailments and that they were not cured by coincidence.
Music and dance department to welcome new director soon
By Teresa Veazey Kansan staff writer
After months of deliberation and discussion, the decision-making process is coming to a close. The department of music and dance is
awaiting the announcement of a new director of choral activities in a few days, said Steve Anderson, chairman of the department.
The former director, James Ralston, retired last year.
The choral director administers all choirs, directs selected choral ensembles and teaches conducting and chorale repertory.
The search for a new director began last September, when Anderson appointed a search committee made up of music faculty and students.
"We conducted a national and international search," Anderson said. "We mailed notices to publications advertising that the job was available so we could reach the broadest population."
Grand Forks, N.D.; and Patrick Patton, director of choral activities at Casper College in Casper, Wvo.
Nearly 100 applications
Finalists were interviewed by Anderson, Peter Thompson, dean of fine arts, members of the search committee and by students and fac-
"Every person in the department, faculty and students, had an opportunity to participate in this process,either in writing or in person."
for the position were received by the December deadline. From that point, the search committee reviewed each application and recommended three finalists.
The three finalists were Simon Carrington, interim choral director and a founding member of the King's Singers, an internationally known vocal quintet; James Rodde, director of choral activities at the University of North Dakota in
Steve Anderson chair of the department of music
ulty in the music department.
"Every person in the department, faculty and students, had an opportunity to participate in this process, either in writing or in person," Anderson said.
Each finalist also spent one week with a chorale ensemble to rehearse for a mini-concert. The candidates taught music of their choice to the ensemble. The candidates had three rehearsals with their ensembles, and the mini-concerts were given on three different Friday afternoons in Swarthout Recital Hall.
The concerts of all three finalists were open to the public.
associate professor of organ, choral conducting and church music.
Shannon Draper, Falun freshman and member of Concert Choir, said the new director would have an influence on next year's music programs.
"It'sbeen averythorough and exciting search process." said Michael Bauer.
"I'm hoping there will be a little more combination of choirs next year," she said. "It would be nice to do more things together."
Psychology students go experimental
Class used for real-life application of theories
By Virginia Marghelm
Kansan staff writer
Anthony Dramshek got in a fight with his girlfriend over Psychology 104—but he was just fulfilling a class requirement.
"We got in a big fight," he said.
Dramshek, Overland Park freshman, participated in an experiment where he and his girlfriend were videotaped for about 10 minutes talking about fights they had had. Before the 10 minutes expired, trouble started, Drampshek said.
In the end, everything worked out, and Dramshek and his girlfriend went away with more knowledge of psychology. The experiment was designed to study problems people have in a relationship and was one of many in which Psych 104 students participate each semester.
As part of the class requirements, students must participate in five hours of experiments conducted by psychology research assistants and professors. For graduate students and professors performing research, Psych 104 — a class with more than 1,000 students every semester — is the perfect place to find subjects. Graduate students can see an actual application of psychology and help the researchers with their work.
Not all experiments are as involved as the one Dramshek participated in. Several of the about 50 studies conducted each semester are just questionnaires, said Chris Crandall, assistant professor of psychology.
But there are other types of experiments performed in three areas — experimental, social and clinical psychology — that are more interesting. Grandall said.
To conduct a study, researchers must have their proposals approved by the Advising Committee on Human Experimentation and by the psychology department, he said.
Crandall said that one experiment several years ago was also relationship-related. At the beginning of the experiment, half of the males were asked to eat a breath mint, while the other half ate a garlic clove, Crandall said. Supposedly, the men were then interviewed by a female about whether they would make good dates, he said. The woman, a research assistant, told half the men they would be good dates and the other half that they would not be.
Crandall said that if the rejected males had eaten garlic, they would be more likely to blame their rejection on their breath than on themselves. This supported the researchers' hypothesis that people are more likely to blame failure on an outside factor than on themselves, he said.
The result of the garlic study was applicable to real life, which is often a goal of researchers, said Kristin Schiffnauer, Frederick, Md., graduate student. Schiffnauer said that she thought it was important to conduct studies that had value outside of research.
"I hope I can answer questions and apply them in the real world," she said.
The Psych 104 students also could benefit from the experiments. Crandall said participating in them should be a learning experience.
Not only do students get to see how experiments are conducted, but they also receive a debriefing at the end, Crandall said. In the debriefing, the experiment supervisor explains what the goal of the experiment was and what information was gathered.
This helps ensure that students learn something from their participation. Crandall said.
Dramshek said he learned more about psychology from participating in experiments. Being used by researchers didn't bother him, Dramshek said.
"They were kind of a pain, but some were cool," he said. "I don't really think I was a guinea pig."
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