Monday, July 23. 1979
Summer Session Kansan
THE SUMMER SESSION Capsules From staff and wire reports
Protestants threaten protest
BELLAST, Northern Ireland—Protestant leaders threatened massive Protestant demonstrations yesterday if Pope John Paul II comes to Northern Ireland.
A committee of Protestants was being formed to ensure that the pontifex did not enter Northern Ireland, but the Roman Catholic primate of Ireland, Cardinal Thomas O'Flaich, said this weekend that he could not rule out the possibility.
Vatican sources in Rome said the Pope was not planning to visit the British province, where a decade of religious strife has cost 2,000 lives.
Nicaraguans rest, receive aid
MANAGUA, Nicaragua—Managens enjoyed their first peaceful Sunday in月月 yesterday as the United States was preparing to provide major aid to
Thomas O'Donnell, in charge of the U.S. embassy in the ambassador's absence, said the United States was planning to provide aid to Nicaragua but not to Haiti.
In Managua, the Red Cross continued work to find food and shelter and medical care for tens of thousands of refugees.
A government spokesman said Mexico had sent 26 doctors and six tons of medicine to Managua to set up a field hospital.
But a shutdown in unloading operations at the airport was causing supply problems because the employees who filed during the final hours of the old aircraft were unable to load.
Island out of path of oil spill
BON ACCORD, Trimida and Tobago - A giant oil slick caused by the collision of two supertankers began to break up and drift away from the island of Tobago
The Mobil Oil Co. called in three smaller tankers to siphon the remaining oil in the Atlantic Empress, one of the 1,000-foot ships.
The second supertanker, the Aegean Captain, was being towed to a dock in Trinidad for damage assessment.
since the collision late Thursday.
Five of the 48 survivors of the collision were injured.
The total amount of oil spilled could not be accurately determined, but there were indications it might be only a fraction of the 140 million gallons aboard the ship.
Wage, price plan considered
WASHINGTON - President Carter is considering a cumulative, two-year wage and price control plan that would reward complying workers and businessmen and tighten the loopholes that have given members of powerful labor unions higher nav increases than others.
Administration sources said the voluntary guidelines in the plan also might limit the advantages some companies had found in the profit-margin exception.
Changes being considered include a two-year pay standard of 15.5 percent and larger pay increases for workers involved in industrial programs to improve
The administration's economic advisers reportedly plan to have final proposals ready Aug. 1.
Carter plans to expand staff
WASHINGTON — President Carter is planning to broaden his circle of advice by offering officials a wave of wiffles similar to last week's shakeups at the Cabinet.
The positions of Hamilton Jordan, new chief of staff, chief congressional趴son Frank Moore and domestic policy assistant Stuart Eilentzan are not confirmed.
But as many as 12 second- and third-level staff members may be affected by the staff changes.
Press Secretary Jody Powell has predicted that a few new faces from outside the administration might be added to the White House staff.
Other sources predict that Timothy Kraft, a political aide, and Gerald Rafschon, Carter's media adviser, will leave the White House to work on the war effort.
The sources also say that Jack Watson, Carter's Calanet secretary and liaison with state and local governments, will be nominated as secretary of the
Hearings begin on new cabinet
WASHINGTON—Senate confirmation hearings begin this week on three of the five nominees to President Carter's Cabinet, but the fate of some probably will be determined later.
Majority Leader Robert C. Byrd, D-W, Va., said he thought the hearings would be completed quickly because most of the nominees were familiar. But he said some probably would be held over for confirmation until Congress reconvened in September.
The Finance Committee has scheduled hearings to begin Wednesday on the appointment of Housing and Urban Development Secretary Patricia Roberts Harris as Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare. The committee will hold a hearing in February, with Carter as a nominee to replace Treasury Secretary W. Michael Blumenthal.
Benjamin Civiletti, number two man in the Justice Department, will appear Wednesday before the Judicial Committee as the nominee for attorney general.
Indian snipers still on warnath
RED LAKE, Minn.-Three horses burned and gunnery continued on the Red Lake Indian Reservation yesterday in the second day of violence between
But the bureau said it was a "relatively quiet night" compared with Saturday's three-hour exchange of gunfire.
Acting bureau superintendent James Stevens said several shots were fired in short, isolated blasts before dawn yesterday.
Stevens said he thought the latest round of trouble on the reservation was not related to a political clash between rival factions of the tribe that resulted in the destruction on May 19 of seven buildings, including the bureau's Law Enforcement Center.
Suspects arrested in kidnapping
PATERSON, N.J.—Two suspects in the kidnapping of a banker's wife were arrested by FBI agents yesterday just hours after the woman's husband paid a $300 bill.
The two were seized moments after the kidnap victim, Joan Dedrick, 46, held a news conference at her West Milford home. Her husband, William, executive director of the group, said
Filforsl identities in Newark identified the two suspects as Guillermo Caceres, and Angel Gedano, both of Paterson. A third suspect, believed to be the 22-year-old, was not identified.
Mrs. Dedrick was released at a gas station in Teaneck at 3 a.m. yesterday, 42 hours after she was abducted from the Dedrick's' home.
Correction . . .
It was incorrectly reported in Thursday's Kansan that Theresa Michell sang the title of Mary in "Southeast Pacific." Jayne Cramer Casman fragrant the part, not Mitchell.
There is a 70 percent chance of thunder showers this afternoon and a 40 percent chance for storms tonight. Today's high should be in the upper 80s and tonight's low should be in the low 70s. The high tomorrow should reach 90 degrees.
Weather...
State official says new laws lead to better state buildings
By JIM BLOOM Staff Reporter
A series of changes in Kansas law since 1974 has improved the state's position on building contracts, the new director of state architectural services said last week.
Hip Hipp, the new director, said many of the changes came in the last two sessions of the Kansas Legislature. One change in 1978 created a state building commission.
The result could be higher quality work and the absence of allegations of illegal kickbacks between contractors and state officials that have plagued the state in the past.
"The changes have shifted some of the responsibilities," Hipp said. "No one agency can initiate or award a project on its own."
Among the duties the seven-member commission has, one is to evaluate the performance of contractors and architects on past public or private projects and then to select qualified contractors and architects for new projects.
Charles Kahn, dean of the School of Architecture & Urban Development and a member of the commission, said that the board is an improvement for the state.
In the past, the state architect was responsible for awarding contracts for state projects to private firms. Sometimes this led to charges of illegal kickbacks for contracts, as with the architectural contract for KU's Bell Memorial Hospital at Kansas City, Kan., in 1973. That year the Kansas State architecture firm was the state architect because of the controversy.
Now the commission is responsible for naming three to five qualified firms, which a negotiating committee can choose from for a project.
"The SELECTION of architects is the main improvement," Kahn said. "This used to be done with the same style."
facilities planning, said the commission added delays to state projects.
But Allen Weichert, University director of
THE COMMISSION IS supposed to be involved with every project. "Wetcatcher will work on the project and for the project to be officially completed, the commission has to come over," she said.
"Sometimes it's just hard to get a group of men, who have other jobs to do, to meet and review all that they need to review," he said.
Weencert said he thought the board was just another group of people that had to be called together to review state projects, and that it could add costs to a building.
Before the commission was created, Welchert said, it would take five years to complete the project and approve funds for the building. That compares to three years for completion of a similar project.
"WE ALREADY FIGURE inflow into our contracts," Weichert said. "Added delays are just going to increase the amount we have to figure for inflation."
"He's not well-informed about what the commission does," Rahm said. "He should inform me."
However, Kahn did not agree.
Kahn said the commission would not delay projects further. Most of the delays are in the planning stage, he said, and the commission is not involved with that. It only names qualified firms for state projects, and was not involved with reviewing plans.
ACCORDING TO THE LAW, the commission "an establish standards for construction and repairs; collect information from contractors; evaluate performance of contractors on projects; stop progress on buildings to force improvements; and recommend capital improvement projects to the project manager himself; if itself is not involved with planning, except
The negotiating committee is made up of representatives from the agency and in-depth knowledge of the project and a commission member. This committee is involved with selection of an architect for a project, which it chooses from the list of architects. The committee planning process Weichert was talking about.
for the practice of having a commission member be part of the negotiating committee.
"Normally the lowest bidder is awarded the job, but he has to prove that his company is competent to do the work and that it is good enough. He's not even be considered for the job." Hips said.
ONCE THE ARCHITECT is chosen, the next step in the process is for him to draw up blueprints for a project. After the blueprints have been drawn up, the building condition again becomes involved, naming contractors that can be considered for the job.
The contractors review the blueprints and form their bids. The bids are submitted to the director of the budget, and the lowest bidder will normally get the contract.
Hipp, the director of state architectural services, said this practice did not force the state to pay for defective or for low quality work.
"THE STATE CAN normally tell it if it is getting a good deal, Hipp said, or if the lowest contractor has cut corners that would show up later.
projects, are not required to follow the same procedures. Hipp said, but they often elect to use a different approach.
"If we're getting a good deal, all the bills will be bunched together and one will be several thousand dollars less than the others. But if the lowest bid is quite a bit higher than the highest bid, there will be errors." Hipp said. "Any bid that an error is automatically eliminated."
"DESPITE THE FACT that some problems can occur, it's still the best way to get a job done well, and as economically as possible," Hipp said.
The state is required to accept the lowest bid, when there are no errors. Private customers are not allowed.
Another change that has improved the state's position is that the architect who designed the project now can be contracted to the job representative for the state. A construction company on a job site during construction and helps the contractor make any necessary changes.
"Something might happen during construction and the plans might need to be chaned," Kahn said. "It's better to have someone involved with the original planning process on the site so that the changes will be present with the rest of the building's design."
KU HAS SUCH a job representative working on the Malott Hall addition. Stan Harris, an architect with Peters, Williams and Kubota, Lawrence, is one of the job representatives that his firm has working on the Malott site.
"A building is never built strictly according to the blueprints," Harris said. "We don't want to make adjustments that have to be made for things that were unforeseen during the construction."
As well as making minor changes in design, Harris also files weekly progress reports with the state and the University. If the representative feels that the contractor is not following the plans or is using defective quality materials and work, then he reports this. Normally, however, you problems can be worked out at the job site.
"We've been able to irr everything out so far," Harris said, and the project is going on.
Lab studies subatomic neutrinos
Researchers in KU's high energy physics lab are spending much of their summer looking at pictures—not of their vacations, but of neutrinos, osmotic particles that travel through the universe.
Researchers Don Coppage and Lee Herder direct a project to collect information on interactions of neutrinos, indescribably minute particles. The project is funded by the NSF.
An article in the June 1979 Omni magazine said, "In a practical vein, 'Neutron radios' may someday allow us to send messages straight through the center of the earth or to communicate more rapidly with inhabitants of other planets."
Coppage and Herder said recently that the apples were not involved in any practical application. "We could have any could be developed in the near future." They said they were primarily concerned with the health of the apples.
THROUGH THEIR research, the two scientists said they hope to fill in blank spaces in new theories and make connections about neutrinos' physical qualities.
The information they compile on these elusive particles, which have no electric charge, is stored in frames of 70mm film taken inside a special tank at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory.
Coppage and Herder said they were at Fermilab to assist monitoring of the picture-
The neutrinos, which are emitted wherever a high energy particle collision takes place, were produced in a Fermilab accelerator and were channeled into the tank.
NEUTRINOS ARE also produced in the core of the sun as a byproduct of hydrogen fusion. Billions of neutrinos penetrate the human body every day, but they do no damage because are so small they rarely make contact with anything.
Herder said millions of miles of lead would have to be placed in the path of a
specific neutrino to make it collide with something.
He said that the neutrinos that passed through the tank at Fermilab went through its lead shielding and went "right through the city of Chicago."
Because neutrinos can't be isolated or put under a microscope, Coppage said, only the results of the neutrinos' collisions with other matter can be detected.
COPPAGE SAID: THE Fermilab tank, which is fifteen feet in diameter, was a bubble chamber filled with liquid deuterium, or heavy hydrogen.
He said bursts of neutrinos entered the tank from an accelerator, producing collisions in the deuterium. The tracks from each collision are photographed by a camera in the top of the tank.
Neutrino tracks were also recorded by a sensitive emulsion at the entrance of the tank. Coppage said the emulsion, which is not only useful for scientists to look at tiny areas microscopically, in contrast to the larger pictures produced by the top-mounted
After each picture was taken, a piston in the bottom of the tank pulsed, erasing the previous tracks. A new picture was taken after a ten-second interval.
HERDER SAID MORE than one million photographs had been taken, which have been divided up among scientists from KU, MIT and the University of Krakow, Poland, lab and lab in Seville.
At KU, students look at the picture frames, trying to detect characteristic patterns caused by neutrino collisions, known as neutrino events.
Coppage said the students did not necessarily have to have a scientific background.
"I've done it in the past, and in fact I was hindered because of my natural curiosity. I'm not afraid to learn."
Herder said the most difficult thing about spotting a neutrino event was telling the difference between neutrino events and common neutron events.
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A NEUTRON EVENT occurs when a neutron collides with another particle.
Because the neutrino collisions, which produce the events, are so infrequent, both Coppage and Herder said they doubted the results of experiments used in communications in the near future.
According to Coppage, one frame contained a neutrino event can be detected out of every 15 to 19 frames taken by the top-mounted camera. He said that the frames contain two events, which contained one event for every 50 frames because of the smaller area represented.
However, they did not rule out the possibility that neutrinos could be used in experiments.
"It just depends on how visionary you are," Coppage said.
EVEN THOUGH practical uses are a long time in coming, according to Coppage and Herder, the more discovery of neutrinos has led to a decrease in physics and the make-up of the universe.
The discovery and theory of neutrinos still is obscure to the layman. Layman said, but it was made possible by the study of cosmic rays.
Physician Wolfgang Pauli, who originated the theory in the late 1820s, used it to explain how the brain works.
"Pauli seemed to be more willing to invent a small particle you couldn't see than to give up a basic law of physics, the law of conservation of energy," Coppage said.
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