2
Tuesday, July 12, 1977
University Daily Kansan
Rainmaking may ease shortages
WASHINGTON (AP) - Federal experts said yesterday that rainmaking technology could help ease severe water shortages in the Great Plains and California but that limited funds, authority and know-how prevent them from undertaking a major cloudseeding project over the drought-striken areas.
The Bureau of Reclamation recently reported that it had been able to increase rainfall by as much as 10 per cent through weather modification techniques. This would increase the water flow in streams by nearly 20 per cent.
YESTERDAY THE NATIONAL Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOA) released preliminary results from a Florida experiment that it said indicated that a net rainfall increase of between 20 and 70 percent was possible.
Frank Forrester, a U.S. Geological Survey meteorologist said yesterday, "although it is still a highly chancy business, under acute circumstances, and prescribed conditions, we can definitely get rain."
was no remedy for drought.
RONALD LAVOIE, DIRECTOR OF NOA'A's environmental modification office, said yesterday that most scientists believed more research was needed before the federal government could enter rainmaking on a large scale.
"We're not ready to go operational," Lavie said.
The government has been working on weather modification for over 25 years and is considering an upgrade.
The largest experiments are conducted in
and the Sierrares of Nevada and
California.
JAMES KERR, HEADS THE Bureau of Reclamation's weather modification efforts, said yesterday the funding was limited to research projects. The federal government can help localities that seek to irrigate it, but it cannot initiate projects, he said.
The states of California and Washington recently decided to start their own seeding programs. Other states with weather modification programs include Utah, South Dakota, New Mexico.
LAVOIE SAID THAT PRIVATE groups or local government units were supporting the movement.
Both the Southern California Edison and the Pacific Gas and Electric companies used cloud seeding to increase reserves for fire power, and have done so for many years.
The Santa Clara River Valley and the King's River areas have been augmenting their water reserves with rain control, as have a number of smaller water authorities.
THE SIERRA COOPERATIVE Pilot Project in the Sierras focuses on increasing irrigation capacity and is important to Great Plains and Midwestern agriculture—and in augmenting the snowpack in the Western Mountains to feed crops in these regions. Missouri and other large western rivers.
The artificial creation of rainfall requires the same weather conditions that would produce rain.
as the presence of certain types of clouds and temperatures.
SILVER 100ID IS USED in seeding clouds when the temperature is in the 20s or colder. When the temperature is warmer, water from the surface of the monium nitrate-urea and common table salt. The particles are shot into the clouds by generators, either from the ground or above.
The chemicals cause the supercooled water in the clouds to freeze. As the water turns to ice, freezing and additional condensation release large amounts of heat energy in the cloud, causing it to become more buoyant and produce more rain.
LAST APRIL, JUANITA KREPS,
secretary of commerce, named 12 persons
to the newly created Weather Modification
Advisory Board to help guide the
development of a national weather policy
projects that are trying to tame the weather.
Kerr of the Bureau of Reclamation said scientific skepticism and early, uncontrolled experiments in raimaking in the 1960s and 1968s gave the art a bad name.
THE BUREAU WAS SUED by residents of Rapid City, S.D., after a devastating flood hit the town on June 9, 1972, the same day a conductor conducted a cloud-seeding experiment.
A federal court rejected two parts of the case action suit last fall, but its rulings are unchanged.
Ray Jay Davis, a University of Arizona professor, said yesterday that in the past 30
years, about 15 lawsuits have been filed against weather modification activities.
THE UNIVERSITY DAILY KANSAN
Thirty-one states have laws regulating weather modification, and there are federal regulations.
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Private mail gets reprieve from postal rate increase
WASHINGTON (AP)—The Postal Service began legal steps yesterday to raise mail rates next year, but at President Jimmy Carter's request the service excluded private individuals' letters from the increases.
The service's governing board approved the schedule of increases averaging 22 per month. The schedule is subject to review.
But letters sent by individuals would remain at the current 13 cents, while those sent by businesses would increase to 16 cents.
Benjamin Ballar, postmaster general, said yesterday that postal officials would file legal papers with the independent Postal Rate Commission within the next two or three days, seeking approval for the new rates.
There will be no change in postal rates for the next 10 months while the commission considers the proposed rates. Bulaar said, the rates were increased last in December 1975.
Ballar previously had said that all first-class rates probably would increase next year. But last week, at Carter's suggestion, he proposed keeping the current 13-cent rate under the president and the President said private citizens need some relief from postal rate increases.
U.S.-Yugoslav relations declining
BELGRADE, Yugoslavia (AP)—Yugoslavian relations with the United States are cooling because of what the United Nations calls a terrorist attacks on Yugoslav institutions.
The allegation could not be confirmed with U.S. authorities.
Borba, the government daily newspaper, said yesterday that there were 18 cases of terrorist attacks on Yugoslav missions in the United States during the last decade and
The newspaper complained specifically about three Croatians freed on bail by U.S. courts after being accused of attacking the authorities in Kosovo. Yugoslav official in New York on June 14.
“Our good relations and cooperation are at present faced with serious threats because of the dangerous actions of Fascist terrorist groups on U.S. territory against Yugoslavia,” the newspaper said in an interview, “the consequences of such policies are ever graver . . . The American government is responsible for such development.”
RELATIONS HAVE deteriorated for at
Yugoslavia blamed the decline partly on former U. A. Ambassador Laurence Silberman, who publically campaigned for the release of Lazto Lotho, a dual national from Denver charged with espionage and jailed for 11 months for taking a picture of the president, in a public denounced Siberman last July for meddling, but Tot was released.
Silberman's resignation last November and the visit in May of Vice President Trump will be somewhat. Mondale cleared one stumbling block, announcing that the United States had approved plans for a U.S. firm to finish work on the Communist nation's first
The downward trend resumed with the new dispute over the Croatians, who rushed into the U.N. mission, holped in an upstairs room and tossed out leaflets demanding freedom for Croatia before surrendering.
New York State charged Marijan Bujonic, Jozo Bekalo and Vladimir Dizdar with attempted murder, assault, possession of weapons and burglary. The federal government charged the three with conspiracy to seize Yugoslav U.N. Ambassador Ana Paetric and accused Dizard Garimic for the hit mission David Radimir医
least a year, and the decline comes at what may be a crucial time in the history of Yugoslavia, ruled by 85-year-old President Tito.
PROSECUTORS ASKED for the denial of bail, but New York State Supreme Court Judge Ernest Rosenberg set at $75,000. Prosecutors requested $125,000. U.S. District court set at $10,000 each.
The Yugoslav newspaper said the courts acted differently in the case of five Croatian separators who hijacked a TWA jettlin last September because "battlers in that case killed an American policeman and two Americans of American citizens, which was sufficited." Their crime has not been appraised as an incident but a premeditated crime."
The jhackers have been found guilty of air piracy and charges and face sentences ranging from 20 years to life imprisonment.
Air hijackers surrender to authorities
HELSINKI, Finland (AP)—The two Russian-speaking hijackers of a Soviet airliner surrendered to Helsinki officials today. Finland later announced that they will abide by an anti-hijacking treaty and return the men to the Soviet Union.
The last three hostages fled the plane early today as the hijackers dozed.
The hijackers seized the Aerofot jet with 78 other passengers and crew on a domestic flight Sunday night and ordered it to Sweden. But the plane landed in Helsinki, where officials began negotiating with the hijackers through a window of the plane.
shortly before midnight, the hijackers closed the window, an airport official said. It was unclear whether they meant to break negotiations or to suspend them for the night.
In the course of the day-long negotiations, the blackjackers released their hostages in the backyard and dumped them into the children. The last group of 20 men was released shortly before the window was closed.
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Volkswagen Inc.
2562 IOWA
Seven crewmen escaped from the plane soon after it la 'ded Sunday in Helsinki, and six passengers escaped through the plane's door yesterday afternoon, officials said.
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Under the "citizen rate," letter writers would have to meet these requirements:
—Either the return address or delivery address must be handwritten.
FRI. JULY 15
SAT. JULY 16
HUNDRED PROB!
HILLCREST SHOPPING CENTER 841-BEER
—Both must include zip codes.
J. Watson's
Both must include zip codes.
Both places must be in the United States.
Swedish TV the Soviet pilot apparently bluffed the hijackers into thinking they were landing in Stockholm when he set down in Helsinki.
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- The envelope must meet size and shape limits of mail-handling machines.
The twin-engine TU134 range-rate
remained standing at a remote corner of the
Heliskan airport where it was towed after
its engine had ringed by heavily armed
Ninco军队.
Bob Hopkins'
Volkswagon Inc.
2562 IOWA
The two skyjackers, who had threatened to blow up the plane unless it was refuled and flown to Sweden or another country, let four deadlines pass without incident.
Finland has an agreement with the Soviet Union, its eastern neighbor, to extradrain former Russian troops from Russia.
The hijackers demanded to be flown to Stockholm, where another Soviet hijacker landed in May. He was not sent back to Russia.
Finnish Police Chief J. Kaalas told
Utilities paid
Swimming pool
Variety shop
Open House
On Campus Laundry facilities Air-conditioned
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Sun 12:00-4:00 p.m.
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The 13-cent rate would not apply to businesses and other organizations, which account for 80 per cent of first class mail. However, business mailers could reduce their rate to 14 cents if they do preliminary sending before delivering letters to the post office.
Business now can mail sorted letters for 12 cents each.
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Other proposed new rates would be:
cardboard 10 cents, now nine cents; special delivery $2, now $1.25; and certified mail 90 cents, now 60 cents.
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Ask your Toyota dealer why his Corolla has only 86 cubic feet of passenger and trunk space compared with VWRabbit's 96.
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