6
Tuesday. November 30. 1993
ARMY
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High Court will review church-state separation
The Associated Press
WASHINGTON — The Supreme Court today agreed to re-examine its landmark 1971 ruling on how far government may go to accommodate religious practices without violating the constitutional doctrine of church-state separation.
The court's ruling in Lemon vs. Kurtzman said laws or government practices are unconstitutional if they have a religious purpose, primarily advance or promote religion, or excessively entangle government and religion.
In the church-state case accepted for review today, New York courts ruled that the creation of the Kiryas Joel Village School District was an unconstitutional government endorsement of religion.
New York legislators created the Kiryas Joel district in 1989 to resolve a dispute over how to educate disabled children in the Orange County village.
Almost all village residents are members of the Satmar Hasidic sect,
a devoutly religious group that maintains an insular community where religious ritual and distinctive dress are observed, Yiddish is often spoken instead of English, and girls and boys are educated separately.
Disabled Hasidic children had attended class in the public Monroe-Woodbury Central School District. But their parents withdrew them, saying they were traumatized by going to school outside the Kiryas Joel village.
The new public Kiryas Joel district was created to accommodate their needs. It teaches a secular curriculum to mixed classes of girls and boys, and all of its teachers live outside the village.
Officials of the New York State School Boards Association challenged the creation of the district, saying it was a constitutionally impermissible accommodation of the Jewish sect's beliefs.
A state judge and mid-level appeals court ruled that creation of the district violated the Constitution, and the state's highest court agreed.
"The primary effect... (is) to yield to the demands of a religious community whose separatist tenets create a tension between the needs of its handicapped children and the need to adhere to certain religious practices," the state Court of Appeals said.
The Monroe-Woodbury district and state Attorney General Robert Abrams joined the Kiras Joel school district in appealing that rulling.
The law creating the school district "has, at most, the effect of accommodating the needs of a community of devoutly religious people," the Kiryas Joel appeal said. The Supreme Court has repeatedly held that such accommodations do not necessarily violate the Constitution, it added.
But lawyers for the state School Boards Association officials said the main effect of creating the Kiyras Joel district was "to involve the state in sponsorship of Satmar separatist precepts."
That "violates the very core of constitutional prescriptions for the separation of church and state," they said.
Nonmilitary spending doubled in fiscal'93
The Associated Press
WASHINGTON—Defense spending on domestic nonmilitary activities doubled to more than $4.6 billion in fiscal year 1993, partly because of the costs of closing bases, according to a government report.
The Defense Department was given at least $10.4 billion for civil activities in the past four years with 96 percent for programs authorized by Congress such as counternarcotics operations, defense conversion and medical research, the General Accounting Office said in a report released last weekend.
The GAO, Congress's auditing agency, said congressional directed activities increased from $2.3 billion in 1992 to $4.6 billion in 1993.
cuts.
The increase included $472 million for defense conversion, or closing bases, and $254 million for a parallel program for active forces affected by
Another $120 million was given to disaster relief.
Money spent on Army research programs included $210 million for breast cancer — a new program — and $57 million for AIDS, up from $27 million in 1992.
The Pentagon received $1.1 billion for counternarcotics efforts, down slightly from 1992.
Other items were $141 million for the national aerospace plane technology program, $171 million for university research grants, $180 million for the strategic environmental research and development program, $9 million for World Cup USA and $2.7 million for the National Board for the Promotion of Rifle Practice.
Funding not given by Congress included $1.6 million for the presidential inauguration, $3 million for the Boy Scout Jamboree, $1 million for
homeless shelters and $16 million for the Navy's Blue Angles flying team.
The Pentagon also spent $5.7 million to help control the Los Angeles riots last year.
The GAO report quoted military officials as saying the Los Angeles riot duty helped junior officers gain command experience and gave troops real-world training. Mobilizing for Hurricane Inki was similar to mobilizing for war.
On the negative side, officials said they were concerned that combat units could miss opportunities for core military training and that equipment wore out faster when, used in airlifts and other international peacekeeping and humanitarian missions.
The report was prepared for Rep. Floyd Spence, R-S.C., the ranking Republican on the House Armed Services Committee.
Both of these cost about $30 a month but ours comes with programs you can actually use.
Cable TV. 65 channels of rurals, game shows and soap operas.
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Now, when you choose a qualifying Macintosh or PowerBook computer, you'll not only get Apple's new, lower prices. You'll also get seven popular software programs included for the same low price. These programs will help you manage your finances, schedule your time and entertain your friends (the software alone has
a combined SRP of $596 $) . And, when you qualify for the new Apple Computer Loan, the entire package shown here costs about $30 $ a month. So, for high-quality programming, turn on a Macintosh or PowerBook. It does more. It costs less. It's that simple.
Introducing The Great Apple Campus Deal
Macintosh. The Power to be your Best at KU.
Academic Computer Supplies, Service & Equipment
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©1993 Apple Computer Inc. All rights reserved. The apple logo, Macintosh and PowerBook are trademarks of Apple Computer Inc., appleOCI is a trademark of Apple Computer Inc.' Based on the combined試験 Price (BRP) from the Campus Software for Macintosh at October 1. 1993. Software is not included in the order provided by this ad. But that you will receive some software programs on an integrated backlog of Apple. Monthly payment is an estimate based on an Apple Computer L袋 $188559 for the 300 CD-R drive Apple L袋 system shown above. The price set per month is based on an Apple catelite of upper education prices as of October 21. 1993. All computer system prices, loan amounts and monthly payments may vary. See your Apple Campus Reporter for current system prices. A 4.5% loan origination fee will be added to the requester loan amount. The interest rate is variable, based on the principal payment rate based on an Apple catelite of upper education prices as of October 21. 1993. For the month of October 1993, the interest rate is 8.5% with a 9-month term with no prepayment penalty. The monthly payment assumes no depreciation of principal or interest (differential will change your monthly payment). The Apple Computer贷入票 to credit approval.