NATION/WORLD UNIVERSITY DAILY KANSAN
Wednesday, November 10, 1993
5
Yeltsin says strongarm rule not constitution goal
Document gives President power over parliament
The Associated Press
MOSCOW. — Denying he wants to rule with an "iron hand," President Boris Yeltsin went on nationwide television last night to defend his new draft constitution as a guarantor of stability and post-Soviet freedoms.
The proposed constitution unveiled yesterday endows the presidency with stronger powers. It goes before voters Dec. 12, the same day they elect a new parliament.
The charter would give the president right, under certain circumstances, to issue decrees with the force of law, dissolve parliament, declare a state of emergency and temporarily curb civil rights.
It also would bar many Soviet-era abuses, give Russians new freedoms and codify key elements of Yeltsin's
market reforms, such as the right to own, buy and sell land and other property.
"We need order, but not the horrible, repressive order of Stalinist camps," Veltsin said in his television address.
In his address, Yeltsin said he did not regard his draft constitution as a mandate for strong-arm rule.
Russians get a chance to see for themselves today, when newspapers nationwide publish the 137-article document. The Moscow evening newspaper Izvestia printed the draft yesterday
"All those who want neither dictators nor dictators, nor arbitriness, nor violence, are for this constitution," he said.
Some critics have said the new constitution gives the federal government too much power.
Among other breaks from the Soviet past, his draft forbids "forced labor," under which millions of people were sent to camps — and often their deaths. It also says family members cannot be forced to testify against
The document says the government may not strip people of their citizenship or force them to leave Russia, as Soviet authorities did to dissidents like author Alexander Solzhenitsyn and poet Josef Brodsky.
each other.
By prohibiting medical or scientific experiments without consent, the new charter seeks to prevent the Soviet practice of locking up dissidents in mental hospitals and giving them debilitating drugs.
It also gives Russians the right "to secret correspondence, telephone calls, postal, telegraphic and other communications" — a right also guaranteed in the Soviet era but frequently violated.
The draft guarantees freedom of the press. Yeltsin banned some hard-line newspapers and briefly even some friendly ones after last month's political upheavals.
It guarantees the right to travel abroad and inside Russia — something routinely denied in Soviet times.
King Hussein wins Jordan elections despite disputed peace plan actions
The Associated Press
AMMAN, Jordan — Candidates made last-minute appeals yesterday for votes in Jordan's first multiparty elections since 1956, in which proponents of peace with Israel were expected to retain a majority in parliament.
Today's elections come after Israeli officials confirmed over the weekend that Jordan and Israel are close to reaching a peace agreement. King Hussein has not yet made any public comment.
While Muslim fundamentalists are expected to win the single largest bloc in the 80-sat lower house of parliament, conservative and tribal members who support Hussein's propeace policy are expected to keep a
majority of seats.
The bicameral legislature must ratify any peace agreement, although Hussein retains ultimate authority with the power to dissolve parliament and rule by decree. The 40-seat upper house is appointed by Hussein and normally backs him.
Jordan and Israel signed an agenda for peace talks Sept. 14, a day after Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization reached a peace accord that provides for Palestinian self-rule in the occupied territories.
For the most part, the campaign ended peacefully. Police briefly detained a Muslim fundamentalist candidate after he and supporters rouged up two members of a moderate Islamic party, the state-run Petra news agency said.
trade with Iraq, Jordan's biggest trading partner, was blocked.
But while peace has played a role in campaigns, Jordanians appear more concerned with poverty and unemployment. The country is straining under a $6.5 billion foreign debt and $4 billion in losses stemming from 1990-91 Persian Gulf crisis, when
Candidates held rallies, passed out fliers and pounded the pavement to win support in this nation of 3.9 million people. They placed hundreds of advertisements in the mass circulation Al-Rai daily promising a better future.
Thousands of banners remained draped over streets, and tens of thousands of posters have been plastered on lampposts and shop windows.
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